Articles tagged with Proteomes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A recent CSIRO study maps the boundaries of the 'dark proteome', a region of proteins with completely unknown structure. The research identifies surprising features in nearly half of the eukaryotic proteome, including associations with secretory tissues and disulfide bonding.
Researchers aim to advance understanding of intrinsically disordered proteins controlling cellular behavior and potential cures for devastating diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. The initiative seeks to raise awareness about the societal impacts of these understudied proteins and develop new therapies.
A new study reveals that protein aggregates accumulate in the proteome of C. elegans as it ages, overwhelming the machinery of protein quality control and impairing cell function. However, long-lived worms deposit surplus proteins in insoluble aggregates enriched with molecular chaperones, which may help maintain healthy aging.
Researchers developed a new technique to compare human milk and rhesus macaque monkey milk proteomes. The study identified 524 human milk proteins and 518 in macaque milk, revealing 88 common proteins at different levels. Human milk contains higher levels of proteins aiding fat digestion and increasing iron absorption.
Researchers successfully analyzed all known complete proteomes using X-ray crystallography and homology modeling, covering 25% of protein clusters. The study highlights the potential for knowledge-based target selection to increase structural model production, particularly in eukaryotes and archaea.
The Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) and Elsevier's new open-access journal, Translational Proteomics, have formed a partnership to promote translational proteomics research. The journal aims to link basic sciences to clinical research, with a focus on rapid dissemination of novel discoveries.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a new technique to visualize protein synthesis in live cells, enabling the study of complex biological processes such as long-term memory and disease mechanisms. The method harnesses deuterium-labeled amino acids to track newly synthesized proteins, providing unprecedented insights into...
Researchers have created a comprehensive map of the tuberculosis protein, allowing scientists to pinpoint specific proteins and discover new ones. This resource may aid in the development of new therapies and early detection methods, targeting the main target for medication: pathogen proteins.
A new study uses proteomics to analyze the composition of gymnosperm pollination drops, revealing species-specific germination media and anti-microbial proteins. This research provides a metabolic fingerprint, enabling further research into seed plant evolution and pollen-ovule interactions.
The Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) is a 10-year effort to map and describe human proteins. The project aims to provide a full catalogue of proteins with practical applications in novel drug targets, diagnostic biomarkers, and understanding cellular regulators.
The Chromosome-Centric Human Proteome Project (C-HPP) is an ambitious international initiative that aims to identify and profile all human proteins. The project, which involves 20 scientific teams, will focus on 'missing' proteins and determine their functions in health and disease.
A new study found that many commercial beers, including some labeled as low-gluten, contain significant levels of gluten. Two beers labeled 'low-gluten' had as much gluten as regular beer, highlighting the need for accurate testing.
Cola detectives use protein testing to verify natural ingredients in premium soft drinks, detecting plant proteins in drinks claiming 'organic agave syrup and cola nut extracts'. Coca Cola products, without natural cola extract claims, have no detected protein, giving consumers a certificate of authenticity.
A study found that plants growing in contaminated soil near the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant adapt by altering certain proteins involved in cell signaling, allowing them to thrive in highly radioactive environments. Only about five percent of proteins were altered, suggesting a surprising resilience.
Researchers identified 20 barley proteins, 40 yeast proteins, and two corn proteins, revealing the largest portrait of the beer proteome. These findings may help brewers optimize fermentation processes and enhance beer's flavor and aroma.
Researchers found that plants growing in contaminated soil near Chernobyl have limited biochemical changes, suggesting adaptations to withstand radiation. These findings provide new insights into the mechanisms enabling plant survival in highly radioactive environments.
A new study has discovered that capsaicin, a compound found in chili peppers, can cause weight loss and fight fat buildup by triggering certain beneficial protein changes in the body. The research, published in ACS' Journal of Proteome Research, suggests that capsaicin may lead to new treatments for obesity.
Researchers analyzed bed bug saliva proteins to understand their role in feeding and potential medical applications. The study found unique enzymes that characterize the saliva profile of Cimex lectularius, a blood-feeding insect with over 250 million-year survival success.
A study found that calorie-restricted diets alter proteins in abdominal subcutaneous fat cells, which could serve as markers for improving or tracking therapy effects. Volunteers who lost an average of 21 pounds showed changes in protein levels, offering new insights into the mechanisms behind these diets.
Scientists have assembled the largest-ever collection of liver proteins, which could become a roadmap for finding new biomarkers and treatments for liver disease, including hepatitis. The database includes 6,788 non-redundant proteins, many of which are related to diseases in the nervous system.
A clinical trial found that eating about an ounce and a half of dark chocolate daily for two weeks reduced stress hormone levels and corrected other stress-related biochemical imbalances. This study provides strong evidence for the potential benefits of dark chocolate in reducing emotional stress.
A team led by Dr. Amanda Paulovich aims to develop a method to measure the products of genes, which are the over 100,000 proteins in the human body. The project, called hPDQ, has the potential to create ways to measure large fractions of human proteins, facilitating drug development and personalized medicine.
Dick Smith, a PNNL scientist, received the Human Proteome Organization's Discovery Award for his pioneering work in developing proteomics tools. His breakthroughs have enabled faster analysis of samples and improved detection of diseases, paving the way for better cures.
Researchers at Burnham Institute have developed a novel method to analyze the proteome of yeast, identifying 4,600 proteins. This breakthrough can lead to the discovery of new biomarkers for diseases and inform protein expression changes in response to stimuli.
Researchers have catalogued the complete salivary proteome, a set of proteins in human ductal saliva, which tracks closely with that of blood. This breakthrough promises less invasive and costly disease diagnosis and treatment monitoring.
Scientists have identified salivary proteins and RNA sequences that are highly discriminatory for oral cancer and Sjögren's Syndrome. The use of saliva as a diagnostic tool is only a few years away, with the potential to revolutionize disease detection.
Researchers have identified 381 proteins in the sperm of fruit flies, providing a new understanding of how sex evolved. This discovery could lead to breakthroughs in male infertility treatment.
Proteome Systems has received a $20 million grant from the US government to develop therapeutic compounds for treating radiation damage. The company's 'catalytic scavenger compounds' show potential in preventing radiation-induced tissue damage and are expected to protect victims of radiation exposure, including first responders.
The US government has awarded a $20 million grant to develop novel synthetic catalytic scavengers (SCS) to protect against and treat the effects of radiation exposure. Proteome Systems will provide its SCS compounds for clinical application, aiming to create medical products for victims of radiological terrorism or radiation accidents.
HUPO scientists have created a master proteomics database from human blood plasma, which will help answer key questions about protein identification and analysis. The project's long-term goals include identifying all protein constituents of human blood plasma and determining variation across populations.
A team of scientists at North Carolina State University and Yale University have analyzed the function of all proteins in yeast, discovering novel protein interactions that will require further examination. This breakthrough could lead to better understanding of protein functions in more complex organisms, including humans.