Articles tagged with Toxicity
Aerial mosquito spray increased the toxicity of pyrethroids in creeks by doubling their effects. Researchers found that a chemical synergist, piperonyl butoxide (PBO), made sediments more toxic to certain aquatic species.
Researchers developed a detailed computational model to simulate AZT metabolism in mitochondria, exploring potential mechanisms of toxicity. The model may help minimize or eliminate toxic side effects of AZT in HIV-infected patients.
The SYMPHONY study revealed that a CellCept-based drug combination, including low-dose tacrolimus and corticosteroids, significantly improved kidney function and reduced early rejection rates. This regimen is expected to prolong the life of both patients and their transplanted organs.
Researchers have identified a key defect in ER-to-Golgi trafficking that contributes to alpha-synuclein toxicity, a hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Enhancing this pathway may suppress alpha-synuclein toxicity and protect dopamine-producing neurons.
A recent study found that using anabolic steroids for performance can lead to serious health risks, including a significant increase in heart attack risk and liver damage. The research suggests that even healthy individuals may experience these adverse effects due to the toxic nature of the drugs.
UCLA researcher Dr. Andre Nel has developed a new testing method to evaluate the safety and health risks of engineered nanomaterials. The approach uses existing toxicity testing frameworks to predict potential hazards, enabling the classification of materials as safe or toxic.
A phase III clinical trial found that combining gemcitabine with capecitabine significantly improves overall survival for patients with locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic cancer. The combination of treatments resulted in a median survival of 7.4 months compared to 6 months with gemcitabine alone.
A large single-institution study evaluated the safety and efficacy of MammoSite, a type of partial breast irradiation. The study found that toxicities were similar to those reported in previous registries, with acceptable complications and comparable cosmetic outcomes.
Researchers found that bacteria's worst enemy in nuclear waste sites may be toxic metals, contradicting conventional wisdom. Actinides are less toxic than other metals, suggesting bioremediation using naturally occurring bacteria can still be effective.
Researchers have discovered new alkaloids with antiparasitic properties, which showed efficacy in treating visceral leishmaniasis. These quinoline compounds also exhibited activity against HIV-1 and HTLV-1 retroviruses, offering potential for new treatments.
Researchers at North Carolina State University found that some strains of Pfiesteria are toxic and can kill fish with minimal exposure. They also developed more sensitive tests to detect the toxin, which is produced by Pfiesteria cells even without bacteria.
Researchers are exploring the use of genetically endowed worms to replace rodent studies in toxicology testing, potentially saving millions of dollars. The C. elegans worm has a unique biology that makes it an ideal model for testing chemicals, with its short lifespan and transparent body allowing for direct monitoring of internal organs.
A new study suggests that iron therapy given to patients with kidney disease may have negative side effects, including exacerbating progressive renal damage. The study found that the level of toxicity depends on the type of iron formula used, highlighting a need for safer alternatives in treatment.
A study found that 28% of Central Valley sediment samples are toxic to amphipods and midge larvae due to pyrethroids. The pesticides were present in 68% of these sediments, posing a risk to freshwater organisms.
A new study has found that a weekly regimen of paclitaxel and carboplatin is well-tolerated and effective in treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer. The treatment resulted in a response rate of 32% and median survival time of 49 weeks, with fewer side effects compared to standard regimens.
A recent mouse study identified a compound, NAPVSIPQ, that protects embryos from alcohol-induced toxicity by blocking the effects of ethanol on the L1 cell adhesion molecule. This finding suggests a new target for medication development to prevent fetal alcohol damage.
The device detects cell viability directly and instantly, measuring electrical resistance changes in milliseconds after exposure to a toxic agent. It offers a rapid alternative to traditional fluorescent dye assays for detecting biochemical attacks or monitoring drug toxicity.
The article discusses the relationship between natural and synthetic substances in relation to human health. Key findings include the difficulty of synthesizing complex natural compounds and the potential for modification by synthetic chemists to enhance medicinal properties.
A new study confirms Pfiesteria cultures can produce a toxic compound, contradicting previous claims that it was non-toxic. The research used standardized methods to test the strain, showing it could kill fish at low cell densities, and detected a potent water-soluble toxin in both pure culture and with algae.
A study by Dr. Tony Mok and his team investigates the potential benefits of Chinese herbal medicine in reducing chemotherapy-induced toxicity in breast and colon cancer patients. Early results show a moderate reduction in symptoms, paving the way for further research into this alternative treatment approach.
A study reveals a new mechanism in acetaminophen toxicity and suggests blocking the CAR receptor as a potential approach to treating liver damage. Researchers found that CAR plays a critical role in mediating acetaminophen's toxic effects, and a drug called androstanol shows promise in reversing this effect.
Durable responses were reported with Bexxar in a clinical trial of 582 patients with relapsed or refractory low-grade NHL. A total of 57% of patients achieved an overall response, while 28% showed a complete response. The average follow-up was 1.3 years, and half of the patients remained in remission for over 14 months.
Researchers at Virginia Tech have identified a protein molecule involved in dioxin-induced cell killing, known as CD-95 ligand. The team aims to develop antibodies to neutralize this molecule, potentially leading to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of dioxin's toxic effects.
Dr. Jeremy Knowles, Harvard University Dean, to discuss two millennia of lead toxicity at the American Chemical Society meeting in New Orleans. The speech highlights progress made on remedial action taken in recent decades.
A new study led by researchers at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill confirms the safety of digoxin, a commonly prescribed medicine for heart failure. The study found that taking digoxin at low doses and monitoring blood concentrations can significantly reduce toxicity risk.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have discovered a novel biochemical mechanism for carbon monoxide poisoning that may lead to new clinical approaches. The study reveals that CO binds to heme proteins, usurping nitric oxide and leading to tissue-damaging oxidants and free radicals.