Articles tagged with Cancer Cells
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New tri-metallic supra-molecules can be positioned in exact parts of cancer cells and excited by therapeutic light to kill diseased cells. The system enables precise targeting, reducing side effects of chemotherapy.
Cells utilize an enzyme called the proteasome to remove unnecessary proteins. The study found that the proteasome can independently degrade substrates involved in Parkinson's disease and some types of cancer, producing fragments reminiscent of pathological deposits in Parkinson's patients.
Scientists discovered that SNF5 is a tumor suppressor gene responsible for malignant rhabdoid tumors, a rare and aggressive childhood cancer. The study used a novel knockout technique to create mice with reversible, inverting conditional SNF5 genes, which developed cancers quickly.
Researchers found that overexpressed LPAAT-beta is highly tumorigenic and causes cancer cells to die when inhibited. The small molecule inhibitors induce apoptosis in various tumor cell lines, including lung and colon cancers.
Scientists at Stanford University have created synthetic DNA nanocircles that can lengthen telomeres in test tube cells, a key factor in determining cell lifespan. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new methods for studying aging and cancer, as well as alternative approaches to transplantation medicine.
Researchers from the University of Pittsburgh found that KSHV, a known carcinogenic virus, inhibits immune function and causes cancerous cells to grow through a hormone-like substance called vIL-6. This discovery reveals an overlap between the immune system and tumor suppressor pathways targeted by KSHV.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have identified a complex signaling pathway that regulates gene activity in living cells. The discovery reveals that the timing of signal transmission plays a critical role in determining which genes are activated, and could lead to the development of new medications targeting cancer cells.
Researchers at UW-Madison have identified the PIPKI?661 enzyme as a promising target for preventing cancer cells from metastasizing. By inhibiting this enzyme, cancer cells' ability to migrate to other parts of the body can be blocked.
Researchers designed a DNA vaccine that stimulates the immune system to recognize and attack proliferating blood vessels in tumors, depriving them of oxygen and nutrients. The vaccine has shown promise in preventing effective angiogenesis and inhibiting tumor growth, offering potential for novel cancer therapies.
A new strategy in cancer treatment involves using genetic information to guide drug delivery, allowing for more targeted and efficient treatments. The approach uses nucleic acid-triggered catalytic drug release, recognizing and responding to unique cancerous sequences to deliver potent anticancer drugs.
Gene Network Sciences will use the federal grant to learn how pharmaceuticals work against cancer cells, creating computer models to identify nontoxic drug targets. The company aims to make drug-discovery more predictable for pharmaceutical and biotech companies with its new technology.
A study published in Immunity reveals that the MEF protein plays a critical role in the development and function of natural killer cells, which can recognize and kill cancer cells. The findings provide a new target for therapeutic interventions, potentially improving bone marrow transplant strategies.
Researchers at the Norwegian Cancer Society have discovered that certain types of fish fat contain compounds with anti-cancer properties. The study suggests that these compounds may be used to develop new treatments for various types of cancer.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center discovered that cancer cells containing high levels of Myc protein cannot activate p21 gene production, leading to cell death. The study's findings suggest a potential strategy to increase chemotherapy effectiveness by favoring apoptosis over citostasis.
Research highlights increased cervical cancer risk in smokers, while ovarian tumors with BRCA2 mutations also commonly have BRCA1 mutations. A potential therapeutic approach for eliminating malignant urothelial cells is also explored through CD40 ligation.
Researchers have isolated a key component of cell death signals that can be targeted to prevent cancer growth. By understanding how these signals interact, scientists hope to develop new anti-cancer therapies.
Researchers at UNC Chapel Hill used nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to study the effects of crowded environments on protein shape. They found that intrinsically unstructured proteins exhibit a definite folded-up shape when inside cells, unlike their apparent lack of structure in water solutions.
Cancer cells have evolved to continually activate telomerase, keeping telomeres intact and enabling rapid division. Researchers at UC Berkeley are now searching for proteins and signals involved in telomerase shuttling around the cell nucleus to develop new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at University of Illinois Chicago have discovered a way to render cancer cells more susceptible to immunological attacks and chemotherapy. By inserting the E1A gene into malignant cells, they can prevent tumor cells from blocking immune defenses, paving the way for new treatments.
Researchers at Hebrew University have developed a novel technique that uses an engineered virus to induce cancer cells to activate PKR protein, causing them to self-destruct. This innovative approach has shown promising results in halting the spread of brain tumors and offers a new direction for cancer treatment.
Researchers found that Clb2 is the real trigger for yeast cell division, contradicting previous findings on Clb5. This discovery has implications for treating cancer, as it reveals a new way to understand the cell cycle mechanism.
The study found that exposure to ELF-EMF alone did not affect cell division, but combining it with ionising radiation caused cells to slow down at checkpoints. This suggests ELF-EMF may enable damaged cells to divide further, increasing cancer risk.
Researchers have developed a cancer vaccine that targets telomerase, a protein responsible for cancer cells' unlimited division. The vaccine has shown promise in encouraging an immune response in patients with pancreatic cancer, leading to longer survival rates.
This study found that paclitaxel- and carboplatin-based regimens can prolong survival of patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, with two-year survival rates similar to those achieved at one year with best supportive care. However, three-drug regimens were slightly more toxic and did not provide additional benefits.
Researchers John Tyson and Bela Novak are developing mathematical models of yeast cell growth and division to better understand the molecular mechanisms controlling cell behavior. Their work aims to extrapolate findings from yeast cells to humans, with potential implications for cancer research and other cell-based diseases.
Researchers found that abnormal E-cadherin presence in cervical lesions can prevent abnormal cells from being collected during testing. This could explain why four in 10 Pap smear results come back negative despite biopsy findings showing abnormalities.
A new clinical trial, led by Scott Waldman, aims to determine if a test for the protein guanylyl cyclase C can accurately diagnose colorectal cancer spread. The test may improve diagnoses and treatment outcomes by detecting tiny amounts of cancer in lymph nodes.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have identified a protein called SSPase that plays a critical role in regulating natural killer cells, which attack foreign or mutated cells. The discovery provides insights into how the immune system works and how viruses and cancer try to evade it.
A new diagnostic faecal test detected MCM2-positive cells in 37 of 40 patients known to have colorectal cancer, but not in healthy individuals. The findings suggest that the test could be suitable for population screening, either alone or in combination with other tests.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago have discovered a signaling mechanism in yeast cells that controls cell growth and differentiation, with potential implications for cancer treatment. The study found that pheromone triggers cells to stop dividing and orient their growth toward the source of pheromone.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have discovered that the 'Reaper' protein triggers programmed cell death by instructing a fly cell's principal guard protein, DIAP1, to self-destruct. This finding may lead to novel strategies for targeting immortal cancer cells without harming healthy cells.
The study found patients who received the high-dose regimen had significantly longer overall and disease-free survival rates than those who received a lower dose. The company plans to initiate a Phase III trial of GVAX prostate cancer vaccine in the first half of 2003.
Researchers Dr. Stella Pelengaris and Dr. Mike Khan found that a single protein, c-Myc, causes faulty cell growth leading to cancer. Their study reveals a simplified model of cancer development, offering new optimism in developing effective treatments.
Imatinib mesylate, a drug used to treat leukemia, has shown remarkable success in reducing eosinophil levels in people with hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), a difficult-to-treat inflammatory disease. Four of five patients studied experienced complete elimination of symptoms.
Researchers found celecoxib induces cell death without blocking COX-2 enzyme. Alternate mechanism involves decreased phosphorylation of Akt and ERK2 proteins. Newer generations of COX-2 inhibitors may be safer and more effective for colon cancer treatment.
Scientists have developed a new 'gene silencing' strategy using short hairpin RNAs (shRNAs) that can efficiently silence specific genes in mammalian cells. This technique has the potential to revolutionize gene function exploration and could lead to targeted therapies for cancer, AIDS, and other diseases.
Researchers have synthesized peptide mimics that may inhibit Pin1's action, which regulates cell division. The goal is to develop new anticancer therapies by targeting the cell-cycle-regulating enzyme Pin1.
Researchers at Stanford University Medical Center have developed a novel approach to fighting cancer using a modified cold virus that targets cancer cells while leaving normal cells unharmed. In a phase I study, 28 patients who received the highest dose of the virus survived for nearly a year and saw significant tumor shrinkage.
Aging cells retire when their telomeres become too short to function, according to a new Rockefeller University study. The researchers found that protein TRF2 helps critically short telomeres function better, allowing old cells to live longer.
Robert Eisenman, a leading oncogene expert, has made significant contributions to understanding how normal cells become cancerous and impacted studies of AIDS and other diseases. He will receive the award at the AACR annual meeting in San Francisco.
Researchers have created a virtual cell model to study cell motion, driven by a single protein that changes shape in response to pH levels. This model has potential implications for understanding various diseases, including cancer, heart disease, and wound healing.
A team of USC researchers has identified the key role of a previously unknown protein, Artemis, in repairing double-stranded DNA breaks. They found that oxygen causes chromosomal breaks due to oxidative free radicals, leading to genetic information loss.
Researchers at Vanderbilt University Medical Center have identified a new protein called Interleukin 24 (IL-24) that is expressed in colon cancer cells and promotes cell growth or prevents cell death. The discovery could lead to the development of molecules to interrupt an autocrine loop, potentially fueling tumor growth.
A study by Prof. Kerem and Asaf Hellman found that chemotherapy drugs can cause chromosomes to break at specific regions, known as fragile sites, potentially leading to cancer growth. The research creates a better understanding of how cancer drugs work, paving the way for more effective treatments.
Researchers found sulforaphane's phase 2 enzymes protect cells against oxidants for up to three days, preventing damage from cancer, retinal degeneration, and other conditions. Eating large quantities of vegetables, especially cruciferous ones, helps fight disease by increasing antioxidant defenses.
Researchers used molecular scissors to alter the sugar coats of cancer cells, promoting tumor growth with one fragment and inhibiting it with another. This discovery could lead to targeted cancer treatments by exploiting the biological balancing act between different sugar fragments and signaling molecules.
Researchers at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center have developed a new cell-based approach for anticancer drug discovery, which identified 39 new compounds selective for yeast cells with faulty DNA repair enzymes. This approach is adaptable to high-throughput screening methods and complements target-based screening, potentially...
Researchers used genetic tricks with fruit flies to identify the key signal allowing stationary cells in the ovary to travel. They found a protein called Unpaired that activates these cells, which may help clarify how human cancer cells invade distant tissues.
A prospective population study found that HIV-1-positive women are 16 times more likely to develop vulvovaginal or perianal lesions than HIV-1-negative women. The study suggests that HIV-1-positive women should have a thorough inspection of the vulva and perianal region during gynaecological examination.
Researchers have determined the three-dimensional structures of Eph and Ephrin proteins, which mediate bidirectional signaling between cells. This discovery holds promise for developing new cancer therapies by inhibiting or altering these protein interactions.
A recent study by Columbia researchers suggests that low doses of radiation can cause widespread mutations in living cells, even if they only affect a small percentage of the population. The findings highlight the importance of considering the 'bystander effect' when assessing radiation exposure risk.
Researchers have discovered a genetically distinct form of leukemia that affects infants in their first year, characterized by abnormal gene activity and stuck cell development. The 'Mixed Lineage Leukemia' may be treatable with designer drugs targeting its specific weak points.
Arsenic inhibits transcription of the hTERT gene, which in turn inhibits telomerase, causing genetic instability that may lead to cancer in healthy cells. The study's findings also have implications for developing more effective chemotherapy treatments for leukemia.
Telomeres, protective caps on chromosome ends, are shorter in people exposed to arsenic, increasing cancer risk. Long-term arsenic exposure has been associated with accelerated telomere shortening, a potential biomarker for arsenic poisoning.
Researchers discover that compounds in garlic, such as disulfides, can inhibit malaria infection and kill cancer cells due to their similarity in glucose metabolism. These findings suggest potential uses for garlic-derived compounds in treating malaria and certain types of cancer.
Researchers have identified the anthrax toxin receptor, a single protein that allows the toxin to enter host cells. The discovery may lead to the development of new treatments for anthrax infection by blocking the toxin from entering cells.
A study by UC Berkeley researchers found that a specific type of soy protein called lunasin can prevent the development of skin tumors in mice. The high dose group showed a 70% lower incidence of tumors compared to the control group, with fewer tumors per mouse and a two-week delay in appearance.
Researchers studying Drosophila flies have identified key molecules regulating epidermal growth factor receptor signalling, which is crucial for developmental processes and cell growth. The study's findings have implications for understanding human diseases like cancer, with potential applications in medical advances.
Leland Hartwell received the Nobel Prize for his work on cell cycle control, discovering over 100 genes involved in regulating cell division. His research has led to a deeper understanding of normal cellular function and the molecular basis of diseases like cancer.
The study found that critically short telomeres signal cells to arrest or die, rather than average length. Turning on telomerase can restore function without significantly increasing overall telomere length, offering new insights into cancer treatment options.