Articles tagged with Hematopoietic Stem Cells
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A study by CNIC researchers has identified a new mechanism through which blood stem cells regulate their proliferation and microenvironment. The protein ESL-1 controls the production of TGF-, a cytokine with antiproliferative properties, and is essential for maintaining HSCs in diseases like anemia.
A study published in JAMA found that hematopoietic stem cell transplantation does not provide significant improvement for adults with difficult-to-treat Crohn's disease. The treatment was associated with increased toxicity, but no difference in sustained remission rates compared to conventional therapy.
A study of 1,280 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) found comparable survival rates at 100 days and two years for those aged 65 and older compared to younger patients. Age was not a determining factor in HCT outcomes, with marrow blasts, cytogenetics, and Sorror co-morbidity scores being independently associated with results.
The study reveals how the Gtl2 locus, located on mouse chromosome 12qF1, restricts metabolic activity in hematopoietic stem cells to prevent oxidative damage. The researchers found that non-coding RNAs produced by the Gtl2 locus suppress mitochondrial biogenesis and metabolism, reducing reactive oxygen species and preventing cell death.
Researchers at TUM discovered that blood stem cells renew themselves through interaction with surrounding tissue cells, which influences the microenvironment. This feedback loop is essential for maintaining stem cell pool replenishment and has implications for treating leukemia.
A new study found that sleep deprivation can reduce the effectiveness of stem cell transplants by up to 50%. Researchers at Stanford University discovered that a four-hour sleep deficit can impair the ability of stem cells to migrate and function properly. However, recovery sleep can restore the cells' normal function.
Researchers at IMIM have found that Notch protein activation intensity determines cell fate, revealing a competition between two proteins for hematopoietic stem cell formation. This study could lead to more efficient and reproducible lab-grown blood stem cells for patients with no compatible donors.
Scientists engineered stem cells with PTPN11 mutations to recreate JMML, clarifying early events in its development and providing new targets for drug design. This 'leukemia in a dish' model can help improve treatment options for patients with this rare blood cancer.
Accelerating the G1 phase transit of human blood stem cells significantly improves their function and promotes prolonged continuous production of mature blood cells. This study reveals a crucial regulator of hematopoietic stem cell function, which may contribute to functional defects in aged mice or elderly humans.
Researchers at USC's Stem Cell labs have discovered new genes affecting blood stem cell development and function. The study found that certain genetic regulators, such as Hopx, play a crucial role in the formation of red and white blood cells in adults.
Researchers at UCSF have identified a family of daughter cells, called MPPs, which arise from stem cells in bone marrow to generate the entire blood system. The discovery raises the possibility of manipulating these cells to overcome imbalances and deficiencies in the blood system due to aging or cancer.
A study published in JAMA found that gene therapy resulted in clinical improvement for children with Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, a rare immunodeficiency disorder. The treatment, which involved infusing corrected stem cells back into patients, led to the resolution of severe eczema and recurring infections.
A new gene involved in blood-forming stem cells has been discovered by U-M researchers, providing insights into the body's ability to create and maintain a healthy blood supply. The Ash1l gene plays a critical role in regulating hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and self-renewal potential.
Scientists have discovered a molecular switch that allows human cytomegalovirus to enter dormancy or reactivate infection. By manipulating this switch with simple drugs, HCMV can be targeted with antivirals and purged from organs before transplantation.
The TSRI team found that a specific enzyme called ItpkB is crucial in maintaining healthy periods of inactivity in blood stem cells. Without this enzyme, HSCs become hyperactive, leading to anemia and other diseases. Researchers are now exploring the potential of targeting ItpkB to develop new therapies for these conditions.
A study reveals that hematopoietic stem cells are vulnerable to DNA damage when rapidly dividing under stress conditions. This can lead to premature aging and increase the risk of cancer.
Researchers have developed a revolutionary model to study hematopoiesis in living organisms, revealing that at least one-third of blood stem cells produce differentiated progenitor cells. The study also shows that mature blood cells are supplied by first progenitor cells that regenerate themselves over time.
Researchers found that endothelial cells, which line blood vessels, increase the ability of pluripotent stem cells to form blood cell lineages. This improves their potential for transplantation, offering a new hope for treatment of certain blood disorders.
Researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, have found that CDK6 is essential for activating leukemic stem cells, which causes leukemia. Inhibiting CDK6 may prevent relapse, while leaving healthy stem cells unaffected.
A preliminary study found that nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation improved measures of disability and quality of life in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis patients. The treatment also showed significant improvement in physical function, cognitive function, and a reduction in brain lesions associated with MS.
After a small number of MS patients received high-dose immunosuppressive therapy and then transplanted with their own hematopoietic stem cells, most sustained remission of active relapsing-remitting MS. Improvements in neurological function, quality-of-life, and functional scores were also noted.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study reveals that reprogramming damaged stem cells can prevent cancer after full-body radiation. The research suggests that genetic inhibition of the C/EBPA gene allows healthy stem cells to dominate the blood cell production system, reducing the risk of leukemia.
Researchers discovered that tamoxifen blocks symptoms and progression of myeloproliferative neoplasms by targeting hematopoietic stem cells, potentially leading to effective therapy for certain blood disorders.
Scientists identify tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) as a key player in the emergence of hematopoietic stem cells, a breakthrough that could aid in developing induced pluripotent stem cell replacements for blood disorders. The discovery sheds light on the complexities of HSC genesis and paves the way for further research.
Scientists at the Stowers Institute discovered that megakaryocytes, a type of 'mega' cell in bone marrow, regulate stem cells to produce platelets and other blood cells. This finding could lead to new treatments for patients recovering from chemotherapy or organ transplantation.
Researchers have identified a new approach to treating chronic graft-versus-host disease, targeting T and B cells with the FDA-approved drug ibrutinib. The study found that ibrutinib reduced chronic GVHD in mice models and decreased activation of T and B cells isolated from patients with chronic GVHD.
Scientists at UC San Diego School of Medicine discovered the Notch signaling pathway's early role in establishing hematopoietic stem cell fate during development. They found JAM proteins serve as co-receptors for Notch signaling, facilitating HSC precursor cells' growth.
Researchers have identified key mechanisms that trigger hematopoietic stem cell production, which could lead to new treatments for blood disorders. The discovery brings the potential for more widespread use of blood stem cells in therapy closer.
Wisconsin scientists have identified two genetic programs that can turn blank-slate stem cells into red and white blood cells. The discovery gives scientists the tools to make blood products, investigate cell development and production of clinically relevant blood products.
A new bone marrow transplantation method has shown promising results in treating adults with severe sickle cell disease, achieving long-term stable donor engraftment and improved hemoglobin levels. The study's findings suggest that this procedure can be applied to older adults with fewer toxic effects.
A study found that hematopoietic stem cell transplantation significantly improved long-term survival in patients with severe, life-threatening systemic sclerosis. In contrast, patients treated with intravenous cyclophosphamide experienced more adverse events and decreased overall survival.
Researchers have identified a new therapeutic target for certain myeloproliferative diseases by targeting the microenvironment that sustains hematopoietic stem cells. The treatment involves using clinically approved medications to prevent or reverse damage to this microenvironment.
A study found that removing JAK2 from healthy hematopoietic stem cells accelerates leukemia in mice, causing a rapid increase in cancerous cells. Healthy cells, however, are severely impaired and often disappear due to the loss of JAK2.
A recent study found that Tai Chi intervention increased the number of CD34+ cells in young adults, a potential indicator of anti-aging effects. This increase was comparable to brisk walking, suggesting that Tai Chi may be an effective exercise for promoting healthy aging.
Researchers at Mount Sinai identified a new technique to expand hematopoietic stem cells in cord blood, making them more useful for adult patients. This study has important implications for patients battling blood cancers and the success of life-saving stem cell transplants.
New study finds that beta-catenin plays a critical role in promoting recovery of hematopoietic stem cells after radiation exposure. The researchers discovered that mice deficient in beta-catenin had impaired hematopoietic stem cell regeneration and bone marrow recovery after radiation.
Researchers at Boston Children's Hospital have made a significant breakthrough in regenerative medicine by reprogramming mature blood cells into blood-forming hematopoietic stem cells. The induced blood-forming stem cells (iHSCs) have functional hallmarks of HSCs and can give rise to all cellular components of the blood.
Researchers have successfully expanded cord blood stem cells using histone deacetylase inhibitors, resulting in enhanced proliferation and hematopoietic reconstitution. The findings suggest a potential clinical benefit for children with hematological malignancies or genetic defects.
A recent study published in Stem Cell Reports identified the earliest arising hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) precursors based on their ability to generate all major blood cell types. This discovery may be beneficial for creating purer, cleaner populations of these precursor cells for clinical treatments.
Dr. John F. DiPersio is recognized for his work on experimental sequencing of cancer genomes, personalized medicine, and stem cell transplantation. He will present a lecture on graft-versus-host disease vs. graft-versus-leukemia.
A study by Einstein researchers identified a chemical 'signature' in blood-forming stem cells that predicts which AML patients will respond to chemotherapy. The findings, based on nearly 700 patient data, could help physicians identify patients who would benefit from standard treatment and spare them debilitating side effects.
Researchers found that methylation patterns in acute myeloid leukemia patient samples were prognostic for overall survival. A novel biomarker for lysosomal storage disorders was also identified by correlating relative acidic compartment volumes with clinical severity.
A protein called Lis1 regulates asymmetric division of hematopoietic stem cells, ensuring proper blood cell generation. Deleting Lis1 from mouse stem cells accelerates differentiation, leading to a bloodless mouse. The finding has implications for cancer treatment, as cancer stem cells also rely on Lis1.
Researchers have created an artificial bone marrow that can reproduce hematopoietic stem cells, which could facilitate the treatment of leukemia. The new technology uses synthetic polymers and protein building blocks to mimic the natural environment of bone marrow, allowing for more efficient stem cell reproduction.
Researchers have made significant strides in expanding transplant eligibility and improving long-term success rates, particularly for older patients. Studies have shown that haploidentical transplants and cord blood cells can be viable alternatives to fully matched donors.
A gene therapy trial has shown promising early results for the 'bubble boy' disease, with 8 out of 9 children treated well. The study used haploidentical transplants and high-dose post-transplantation cyclophosphamide to improve outcomes for patients who were previously ineligible due to a lack of matching donors.
Researchers found that an unexpected flip in the Wnt signaling pathway causes hematopoietic stem cell aging. Blocking this protein, Wnt5a, rejuvenated aged HSCs in mice.
Researchers found that RhoA is necessary for proper regulation of cytokinesis in hematopoietic progenitor cells, which produce specific types of blood cells. The study showed that RhoA deficiency causes hematopoietic failure and defective blood cell production.
A new mechanism, critical for maintaining the balance between active and reserve hematopoietic stem cells, is identified through genomic imprinting. This process prevents premature activation of the reserve pool, ensuring its long-term maintenance.
Researchers have successfully used a genetic vector to efficiently transduce bone marrow cells from SCD patients, suggesting a potential treatment method. The study's findings support the use of autologous HSC transplant with genetically modified patient cells to treat sickle cell disease.
Researchers at UCLA's Eli and Edythe Broad Center have successfully established a foundation for using hematopoietic stem cells to treat sickle cell disease. The breakthrough technique uses anti-sickling genes to create healthy red blood cells that do not sickle, offering a revolutionary alternative to current treatments.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have made a breakthrough in programming blood-forming stem cells, which could lead to the development of patient-specific blood products. The study uses mouse fibroblast cells and identifies a combination of four genetic factors that can generate blood vessel precursor cells with hematopoietic cells.
Researchers identified unique properties of normal MLL1 pathway in hematopoietic stem cells that may be exploited to treat leukemia with MLL1 translocations. This could lead to improved transplantation outcomes for chemotherapy-resistant cancers.
Dr. Jennifer Gillette is studying the role of hematopoietic stem cells in directing the creation of new blood vessels at the site of a crisis, such as a heart attack. Her research aims to improve treatment responses for heart disease and potentially benefit cancer patients who receive hematopoietic stem cell transplants.
Researchers discovered that discarded immune cells stimulate the release of hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow into the bloodstream. This process is regulated by the daily elimination of neutrophils and follows a circadian cycle, which could have implications for cardiovascular health.
A team of Caltech biologists found that microRNA-146a acts as a critical regulator and protector of blood-forming stem cells during chronic inflammation. Mice lacking miR-146a showed a decline in HSCs, while normal mice maintained their levels despite long-term inflammation.
Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have discovered that expression of TRAIL in transplanted hematopoietic stem cells is critical for an effective anti-tumor response. This finding has led to the development of new therapeutic strategies to suppress graft-versus-host disease while maintaining anti-tumor activity.
Researchers have discovered that hematopoietic stem cells can perceive signals from the body during emergencies and produce specialized white blood cells, such as macrophages. This discovery could lead to new strategies for protecting patients undergoing bone marrow transplants from infections.
Researchers found that human hematopoietic stem cells can survive for longer periods when cultured with a feeder layer of adipocytes, or fat cells. The study demonstrates the potential for using fat cells to extend the lifespan of hHSCs in vitro, which could be crucial for developing advanced cell therapies.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine developed a new method to expand adult hematopoietic stem cells outside the human body, overcoming a major technical hurdle. This breakthrough could lead to fewer donor cells being needed for transplantation and make bone marrow banking possible.