Articles tagged with Sperm
Researchers found that male Darwin's bark spiders salivate onto female genitalia as an obligatory behavior before and after copulation. This unusual practice is thought to boost the male's chances of paternity by signaling quality or favoring one sperm over rivals.
A new study shows that current carrier screening methods are insufficient and can give prospective mothers a false sense of security. Whole genome studies are needed to ensure both mates don't carry recessive mutations in the same gene(s). DNA-based screening can detect many more disease-causing genetic variations
Researchers have made significant discoveries about the RTR complex's role in DNA repair and its connection to cancer development. The study highlights the importance of maintaining genomic stability during reproduction.
Research suggests that the sperm whale head's connective tissue partitions could function as a shock absorber, reducing impact stress and protecting the skull from failure. The study's findings may have implications for understanding aggressive behavior in other species.
A new study by The Endocrine Society found that 13 out of 29 UV filters tested disrupted sperm cell function in human sperm cells, interfering with normal sperm functions necessary for fertilization. Some UV filters mimic the effect of female hormone progesterone, causing a temporary influx of calcium ions into the sperm cell.
Researchers found that UPF3A protein plays critical role in RNA regulation and male fertility, potentially leading to new treatments for infertility and various genetic diseases. The study also reveals the importance of NMD pathway in eliminating faulty mRNAs and preventing disease.
Scientists at IRB Barcelona discovered a new protein RingoA crucial for meiosis, the cell division process that gives rise to sex cells. The protein is active at telomeres, allowing chromosomes to attach to the nuclear membrane, enabling recombination and DNA exchange.
Vasalgel, a non-hormonal, long-acting male contraceptive, has shown rapid and durable efficacy in rabbits, with 11 out of 12 subjects becoming azoospermic within days. The study's findings support planning for a clinical trial in men, aiming to make Vasalgel available worldwide at an affordable cost.
Researchers have discovered a molecule that boosts sperm cell activity, allowing them to reach the egg. This finding may lead to new options for male contraception and treatments for infertility related to sperm mobility issues.
Researchers uncover a protein receptor that responds to progesterone, triggering a power kick that allows sperm to penetrate an egg. A drug inactivating this receptor may lead to a unisex contraceptive effective for both men and women.
A recent study published in Nature Genetics found that mice offspring inherited epigenetic information from their parents' diets, leading to severe obesity. The research suggests that this epigenetic inheritance could be a major cause of the global increase in diabetes prevalence since the 1960s.
Researchers develop a novel microfluidic device called the 'IVF chip' that enables high-resolution imaging of the initial steps of fertilization. The device allows scientists to observe the fusion of sperm and egg, membrane remodeling, and sperm DNA incorporation into the egg.
Researchers successfully generated functioning sperm-like cells from mouse embryonic stem cells and produced fertile offspring, providing a potential platform for treating male infertility. The breakthrough overcomes major obstacles to producing functional sperm and egg cells in a dish.
Researchers found that stressed male mice have offspring with high blood sugar due to an epigenetic change in their sperm. This study suggests a male's life experience can affect his offspring's glucose levels, offering new insights into the mechanisms involved.
The EPSRC has awarded nine researchers with £9 million to support their innovative projects in healthcare diagnosis and treatment. The projects focus on developing new ways to examine sperm, improve imaging, diagnosis, and drug delivery for cancer treatment.
Researchers at Karolinska Institutet have determined the 3D structure of Juno, a mammalian egg protein essential for triggering gamete fusion. The study reveals that changes in Juno's shape alter its ability to bind with sperm protein Izumo1, bringing scientists closer to understanding fertilization.
Oxford University researchers have identified the origins of severe disease-causing mutations within the testicles of healthy men. These mutations are linked to an increased risk of rare diseases in children born to older fathers, highlighting a potential 'timebomb' for families.
Researchers at the University of Hawaii have successfully generated male mice without Y chromosome genes, which can now father offspring through assisted reproduction. These 'No Y' males were created by replacing essential Y chromosome genes with their X chromosome counterparts and demonstrate functional redundancy within genomes.
Researchers replaced the Y chromosome in mice by increasing expression of two genes, Sry and Eif2s3y, allowing males to produce offspring. The study demonstrates the mammalian genome's plasticity by exchanging Y chromosome genes with those on other chromosomes.
A new analysis of sperm DNA Fragmentation Index (DFI) reveals its potential to personalize fertility treatment and increase chances of successful assisted reproduction for involuntary childless couples. Men with higher DFI values have lower fertility, making ICSI a more effective option over IVF in such cases.
A new microscopy method developed by Tel Aviv University researchers can identify strong sperm candidates without staining, improving the success rates of assisted reproductive technology treatments. The device uses phase imaging methods to assess sperm viability and is cost-effective enough to be used in any doctor's office.
Scientists have developed motorized spermbots that can deliver poor swimmers to an egg, improving chances of conception. The technique uses tiny metal helices controlled by a rotating magnetic field and has shown promising results in lab testing.
Research reveals that a father's diet can impact the RNA of his sperm, which in turn can affect gene regulation in offspring. Studies found that high-fat diets and low-protein diets can lead to changes in specific small RNAs, including tRNA-Gly-GCC, which suppresses genes related to metabolic disorders.
A study published in PLOS ONE analyzed the clicks of Mediterranean sperm whales and found that most individuals range from 7.5 to 14 meters in length, with a peak range of 9-12 meters likely corresponding to adult females or young males
A 15-million-year-old fossil sperm whale specimen from California has been re-analyzed by researchers, revealing a new genus name 'Albicetus' due to its bone-white color. This discovery sheds light on the evolution of body size in sperm whales and suggests that they may have fed on large prey like marine mammals.
Researchers at the University of Warwick discovered that sperm tails rotate in a counter-clockwise motion to move through fluids. Approximately 50% of observed sperm moved to the right by distorting their bodies to counteract the left-turning force, suggesting two distinct physiologically subpopulations
Researchers found that weight loss in fathers can alter epigenetic marks in their sperm cells, potentially influencing the appetite and physiology of their future children. The study suggests that lifestyle factors prior to conception can shape the health of offspring.
A Rutgers study links a protein in sperm to its counterpart in roundworms, providing clues to human infertility. The discovery could lead to more effective treatments and better contraceptives.
A recent study published in Cell Metabolism found that a man's weight affects the heritable information contained in sperm. The study compared lean and obese men and found differences in epigenetic marks associated with appetite control. Further research is needed to understand the implications of these findings on offspring.
A recent study published in Scientific Reports reveals that sperm utilize proteins from the visual system, known as opsins, to detect temperature differences in the fallopian tube. This allows them to navigate and orient towards the warmer egg location, ensuring successful fertilization.
Scientists at Cornell University's Baker Institute have developed a device that diagnoses stroke in under 10 minutes using a drop of blood. The technology detects biomarkers in the blood to measure the concentration of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), a substance found in higher concentrations in stroke victims.
Researchers found that winter hibernation reverses the typical sperm competition outcome in fruit flies. In cold temperatures, only the first male fathered most of the offspring, while subsequent males had little to no success. This discovery could impact pest control strategies and understanding of sperm storage.
A team of scientists has identified a key segment of DNA involved in the genomic imprinting process, which regulates gene expression based on an individual's parental origin. This discovery provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying imprinting disorders and may lead to breakthroughs in understanding genetic diseases.
Scientists have discovered a surprising role of Wnt signaling in controlling male fertility. The research found that Wnt protects proteins from degradation, allowing sperm to mature and move forward. This discovery has potential implications for the treatment of infertility and contraception.
A QUT study found that men with these traits were more likely to be chosen as sperm donors. The research also showed that women kept in touch with their donor children through various means.
A new study found that teenage exposure to organochlorine pesticides may lead to defective sperm and fertility problems later in life. Researchers analyzed sperm and blood samples from 90 men living in an island community with high pesticide exposure.
Researchers have discovered that a drug restoring natural testosterone production has no negative effect on sperm count, unlike traditional testosterone replacement therapy. This approach could change the way men are treated for low testosterone, potentially preserving fertility.
Researchers found that howler monkey species with larger hyoid bones produce sounds with lower frequencies, suggesting a larger body size. This is associated with smaller testes and vice versa, indicating a trade-off between vocal investment and sperm production.
University of Pennsylvania researchers show that experiencing stress changes a male mouse's sperm, affecting his offspring's response to stress. The change is imparted epigenetically by molecules called microRNAs.
A new study published in Endocrinology found that prenatal exposure to fracking chemicals can lower sperm counts in male mice. The researchers tested 24 chemicals used in fracking and found that 23 of them were endocrine-disrupting chemicals, mimicking or interfering with hormones.
Researchers found that polyamine supplementation reverses slowed circadian clocks in aging mice, opening new possibilities for nutritional interventions. The discovery has potential implications for age-related diseases such as cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that edible gifts given by male crickets to their female partners during mating contain unique proteins that could affect the females' behavior. The proteins in the nuptial gift may promote cell growth and development in target tissue, influencing female reproductive behavior.
Researchers at California Institute of Technology have developed a proof-of-concept study on an injection that stops egg and sperm production in mice, using packaged DNA to produce neutralizing antibodies. This method could be a cheap alternative to spaying or neutering feral animals.
A Lund University study found that men with higher exposure to the chemical DEHP have lower sperm motility. This could lead to difficulties conceiving children. The study analyzed metabolite levels of DEHP in urine and semen quality among 300 young men.
Researchers at the University of Delaware have discovered oviductosomes, tiny particles that help sperm prepare for fertilization. These particles are attached to the sperm like decorations and transfer critical molecules, including a calcium clearance pump, that aid in the fertilization process.
Researchers have identified spiky filaments within sperm that may play a key role in facilitating fertilization. The discovery, 14 years in the making, provides new insights into the fine dissection of the protein architecture of the sperm's acrosomal matrix.
Conservationists at Lincoln Park Zoo successfully reproduced black-footed ferrets using frozen semen from a deceased ferret, significantly increasing the species' genetic diversity. The offspring will help recover the endangered population and increase its chances of survival.
The protein RGS2 plays a vital role in preserving the fertilizability of the ovulated egg by suppressing premature calcium release. In mouse studies, RGS2 delays an egg's development to allow time for sperm to arrive and merge with the egg in a healthy fertilization process.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania discovered that a ring of protein actin forms between daughter cells to block cytokinesis, controlling when and how this process coordinates all cell players in sperm maturation. The study sheds light on the coordination of stem cell types in niche environments.
Researchers developed a diagnostic test for sperm RNA based on next-generation sequencing, which may help determine the best infertility treatment for couples having difficulty conceiving. The test can identify those who benefit from assisted reproductive technologies and those who may be successful with minimal intervention.
New research reveals mutations in the X chromosome gene TEX11 are linked to 1% of azoospermia cases, a condition where men produce no sperm. The study found that reintroducing the gene restores fertility in mice, highlighting the protein's role in sperm formation and chromosomal arrangements.
An international consortium is developing a comprehensive understanding of fertilization in flowering plants using comparative genomics and molecular biology techniques. The research aims to provide insights into the origins of fertilization and its role in improving crop productivity.
Researchers at Penn have identified a specific gene, TEX11, responsible for some cases of male infertility. The study found that mutations in this gene are present in approximately 1% of men with azoospermia, a condition where males produce no sperm.
Researchers at UVA Health System have identified a critical protein, ESP1, that stabilizes the site of sperm-egg fusion. This discovery may pave the way for the development of a male contraceptive by targeting the protein's interactions.
A survey of 34 couples found that those with siblings from the same donor preferred to use the same donor for subsequent conceptions due to a desire for genetic bonds and improved sibling relations. However, some couples prioritized the genetic link between mother and child over full sibling relationships.
Researchers have identified a genetic switch that determines whether germ cells become sperm or eggs in the medaka fish. In females lacking this gene, sperm are produced in the ovaries and function normally, challenging the long-held assumption of sex determination being linked to body appearance.
New experiments on Japanese rice fish reveal that the fox13 gene determines whether a germ cell becomes an egg or sperm cell. Disrupting fox13 in adult fish with two X chromosomes leads to functional sperm formation in females.
Researchers at University of Oregon and Bowdoin College found that a single night with a New York male nematode can reduce the lifespan of females by half. The study suggests that males' sperm, which compete with other sperm for egg access, are highly successful fathers but make poor mates.
A recent study led by the Ginemed fertility clinic found that sperm in the first fraction of ejaculate are more numerous, move faster, and have better DNA integrity than those in the second phase. This discovery could lead to improved fertilization rates and embryonic development.
Researchers at the University of Leeds are conducting a clinical trial to explore the benefits of using hyaluronic acid, a common moisturizer ingredient, to improve IVF success rates in the UK. The trial aims to determine if this method can help select the best quality sperm for injection into an egg.