Articles tagged with Embryos
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Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers have identified a single gene, G9a, controlling cell flexibility in embryos and potential for medical cell replacement therapy. This discovery sheds light on the process of cell differentiation and could pave the way for new approaches to reprogram cells in a controlled manner.
A new study by researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that over half of fertility patients are against implanting stored embryos in others, highlighting concerns about embryo disposition. The study surveyed over 1,000 patients and revealed previously unexplored concerns about their embryos.
A team of scientists found that bacterial biofilms can completely replace embryo cell structure, generating a faithful replica of the embryo. The bacteria consume and replace all cytoplasm in cells, creating a detailed model of the embryo.
Researchers discovered that frog embryos at an early developmental stage actively respond to oxygen levels in the egg. By positioning their external gills in a small high-oxygen area, they maintain high metabolic rates and rapid development. This behavior is crucial for their long-term survival.
A recent survey found that most infertility patients support using leftover embryos for stem cell research, with 73% in favor. However, there is a growing demand from patients who want to sell their extra embryos to others, with 56% approving of the practice.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a technology that uses live fish embryos to detect harmful chemicals in water, providing an early warning system for environmental contamination. The tool measures oxygen use in developing fish, revealing minute levels of toxic substances before they cause harm.
A Danish study of over 1,200 children found that those born from frozen embryos had higher birth weights and longer pregnancies compared to those born after fresh embryo transfers. The study also showed no increased risk of congenital malformations in the frozen embryo group.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine have identified a method to predict IVF success with 70 percent accuracy. The new method uses four critical factors, including total number of embryos, eight-cell embryo percentage, and follicle-stimulating hormone level, to determine a woman's chance of becoming pregnant.
Weizmann Institute scientists have discovered a mechanism that enables an injured embryo to regenerate itself while maintaining the relative proportions of its organs. The research reveals that inhibitor molecules shuttle morphogen between sides of the embryo, keeping organs proportional regardless of size.
A research team at Université Laval has identified genetic markers that allow the selection of eggs with the best chance of leading to successful pregnancy after in vitro fertilization (IVF). This method increases the success rate of single embryo transfer and diminishes the risk of multiple pregnancies.
Two new protocols are introduced to examine critical stages of early embryogenesis using fluorescently tagged cells. These methods enable the visualization of subtle movements of individual cells during embryo development. Researchers can use these techniques to investigate mechanisms of brain and heart development in birds.
Researchers found that zebrafish embryos regulate levels of retinoic acid within a certain range, using an enzyme called Cyp26a1 to degrade excess acid and proteins like fibroblast growth factors (Fgfs) to slow down degradation when levels drop too low. This regulation helps maintain a robust gradient of retinoic acid.
A 6-year study found that using 3D/4D imaging to guide embryo placement resulted in a 10.04% increase in pregnancy rates for IVF patients, with an overall rate of 40.34%. The new technique targets the Maximal Implantation Potential (MIP) Point, where embryos typically implant and develop in natural pregnancies.
According to a study published in Fertility and Sterility, nearly 60% of IVF procedures performed on women over 35 result in successful pregnancies. The researchers found an excellent pregnancy rate for patients undergoing single blastocyst transfer, with 62.2% conceiving and 51.1% having pregnancies beyond the first trimester.
A new microrobotic system for automated microinjection of zebrafish embryos has been developed, allowing for high-speed injection and successful rates close to 100%. The technology enables large-scale molecule screening for genetics and drug discovery applications.
Researchers found that Metformin improves glucose uptake and survival of early embryos in mice with insulin resistance. The drug may benefit women with type 2 diabetes or polycystic ovary syndrome trying to conceive. Improved embryo quality could lead to more successful pregnancies.
A Princeton team has created a movie of fruit fly embryo development using physics and molecular biology methods, revealing precise blueprint formation. The researchers found that cells can distinguish between neighboring nuclei based on concentration gradients, a process with sensitivity approaching physical limits.
A new study reveals that Germany's embryo protection law has led to an increase in foetal reductions performed during IVF treatments, resulting in the killing of embryos. The law, which limits embryo creation and transfer, is being criticized by experts for not protecting embryos as intended.
A study of women's moods during IVF found a strong relationship between negative mood and multiple embryo transfer. Women with more negative moods perceived lower chances of multiple pregnancies and rated their choices as riskier. This research aims to improve understanding of emotional health during IVF treatment.
Researchers used time-lapse recordings to study IVF embryo development, finding that extended culture increases the likelihood of twinning. Blastocyst collapse may be caused by failed cell junctions, leading to degeneration and the formation of a second inner cell mass.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins have identified a protein required for neighboring cells to fuse and become one super cell. The Solitary protein coordinates the movement of molecular delivery trucks and marks where the cell barrier needs to be broken, directing the building of a delivery road.
Researchers at Yale University developed a new procedure to estimate individual embryo reproductive potential, potentially reducing multiple births. The method uses proton NMR spectroscopy to analyze metabolic profiles of embryos, correlating with pregnancy outcomes.
A randomized trial found mild IVF with single embryo transfer resulted in similar livebirth rates to standard IVF while reducing complications and costs. Mild strategies also reduced patients' discomfort and diminished the risks of multiple pregnancies.
Robert Reisz's lifelong passion for fossils led to groundbreaking discoveries, including the oldest known dinosaur embryos and two-legged reptile. He is being recognized by AAAS for his significant contributions to the field.
Researchers have discovered intermediary stage embryos between early-stage animal embryos and their adult forms, shedding light on the development of Earth's first animals. The discoveries were made using microfocus X-ray computed tomography (microCT) imaging and suggest that these embryos would have grown into tubular organisms.
The study suggests that the oldest-known animal eggs and embryos were actually giant bacteria, complicating our understanding of microfossils. The researchers found that these ancient organisms could have preserved easily due to their ability to deposit phosphorite.
Researchers use mouse model to demonstrate how a clock oscillator regulates cell signaling and periodic expression of genes involved in spine formation. The study identifies novel genes associated with segmentation clock oscillator and their potential link to human diseases such as congenital scoliosis.
The current issue of CSH Protocols introduces multimedia content, including movie clips, to demonstrate techniques and show experimental results. Researchers can track cell movements, visualize physiological changes, and assess behavior using advanced imaging technologies.
Researchers found that freezing and delaying embryo transfer reduces severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and its life-threatening consequences, resulting in better overall outcomes. The study analyzed medical records of 1,002 patients who underwent IVF between 2000 and 2004.
Researchers found cells about to divide and kidney-shaped structures within ancient embryos, suggesting sophisticated mechanisms for differential cell division timing and embryonic cell lineage differentiation. The discovery challenges previous claims about the evolutionary relationships of these early animals.
Fossilized embryos from 550 million-year-old Doushantuo Formation in China show early animals had adopted some structures and processes seen in modern embryos. The discovery reveals primitive animals could divide cells asynchronously, forming unique shapes.
Researchers found that microRNA-9a regulates neural development in fruit flies, controlling the precise production of sensory organ precursor cells. mir-9a also represses transcription factor Senseless to regulate neuronal precursor cell numbers in Drosophila and potentially in mammalian neurogenesis.
Researchers identify 5,400 active genes in mouse eggs, including unique ones specific to egg cells, and find evidence of rapid change in critical mammalian genes. This study provides new information on the transition from unfertilized egg to fertilized embryo.
Scientists have named a new species of ancient marine reptile, Maiaspondylus lindoei, and discovered pregnant embryos in its fossil, marking the most recent record of a live birth in an ichthyosaur. The findings provide valuable insights into the evolution and extinction of these aquatic animals.
A study by Kathleen Caron and colleagues found that reduced expression of gene AM in female mice leads to severely decreased fertility and fetal growth issues. This suggests a potential link between altered AM expression in humans and impaired fertility.
Researchers found that BMPs regulate neural patterning in fruit flies and vertebrates, implying a conserved evolutionary process. A unified model of early neural development suggests that at least part of the neural patterning mechanism has been preserved from a shared ancestral organism over 500 million years ago.
Researchers at EMBL track individual cells in transparent fish embryos using advanced microscope techniques to find that they migrate to the right place to form eyes. This discovery suggests that other organs might be formed by individual cell migration rather than sheets of tissue.
A team of scientists has revealed detailed images of embryos over 500 million years old, shedding light on the evolutionary changes of the penis worm. The study uses synchrotron-radiation X-ray tomographic microscopy to reconstruct internal anatomy and reveals unique patterns in embryonic development.
A study by Professor Jansen found that improving culture conditions and nutrition coincided with an increase in monozygotic twinning rates. The best way to minimize MZ and DZ twinning is to transfer one embryo at a time, regardless of the mother's age.
The European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology reports that assisted reproductive technologies (ART) have led to the birth of over 3 million babies worldwide. The number of ART cycles has increased by 100,000, with the total estimated at one million a year, resulting in approximately 200,000 ART babies born annually.
Researchers found that IVF embryo culture can alter the expression of imprinted genes, potentially leading to abnormalities such as Beckwith Wiedeman syndrome. The study suggests that modifying culture media and oxygen concentrations may improve gene expression.
A new study shows that the quality of an embryo is more important than the age of a woman in determining IVF success. In older women aged 36-39, single embryo transfer (eSET) was found to have similar pregnancy and live birth rates as double embryo transfer.
The rhythm method, a natural form of birth control, may be responsible for higher embryo mortality rates than other contraceptive methods. According to Professor Bovens, two to three embryos may die every time the rhythm method results in a pregnancy.
A new method called microCT-based virtual histology allows scientists to quickly examine large numbers of mouse embryos with different genetic mutations or damage from toxic chemicals. This enables them to determine the normal function of many genes faster than existing methods, improving drug safety and efficacy.
A new study found that high plasma folate levels are associated with an increased risk of twin births after in-vitro fertilization (IVF), particularly when two embryos are transferred. The study suggests that limiting folic acid intake may help reduce the incidence of multiple births while maintaining livebirth rates.
A team of researchers has successfully frozen and preserved genetically enhanced pig embryos, enabling their transportation across the country and worldwide. The breakthrough procedure removes lipids from unfertilized eggs before fertilizing them with muscle cells containing modified genetic material.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have discovered a nanoparticle that provides significant protection against radiation-induced damage, including hair loss and organ damage. The fullerene-based agent showed promise in reducing organ damage by half to two-thirds, even when given before or after radiation exposure.
A team of scientists led by Rudolf Raff discovered that certain conditions, such as the presence of hydrogen sulfide, can facilitate the fossilization of early animal embryos. The findings suggest that fossils from 500 million years ago may be embryos encased in a fertilization envelope and fossilized under highly reducing conditions.
Researchers at the Stowers Institute for Medical Research have identified a key family of transcription factors, the Snail proteins, that play a crucial role in controlling vertebral formation. This discovery provides new insights into the process of embryonic segmentation and may hold potential for understanding cancer progression.
The study reveals that the transcription factor protein C/EBPb is necessary for decidualization and successful pregnancy in mice. In humans, its presence may become a vital gene marker for predicting uterine readiness for implantation. This breakthrough could potentially alleviate shortcomings in in vitro fertilization.
Researchers have identified a genetic factor leading to forehead and frontal bone malformations, which can cause severe craniofacial defects. A potential therapy using FGF supplements may help prevent these defects in embryos with missing TGF-beta genes.
A team of researchers has uncovered a remarkable developmental pathway in stem cells, revealing a natural compensatory mechanism that could affect their therapeutic applications. This self-regulatory system helps stem cells differentiate into specific tissues, and disrupting it may be necessary to induce the desired outcome.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University discover fullerene nanoparticle reduces organ damage from ionizing radiation by one-half to two-thirds, outperforming current protection methods. The agent also provides specific protection for organs like the kidney and nervous system.
Research shows that women with diabetes are at risk of having babies with heart and spinal cord birth defects due to high blood glucose levels. Maintaining good glycemic control throughout pregnancy is crucial, especially during the first eight weeks when organs form.
A study by Yale University researchers found that most embryos produced during IVF do not result in live births. The study aimed to identify methods for screening viable embryos and improve egg production techniques.
The discovery of a 190 million-year-old Massospondylus embryo provides a rare glimpse into the life of an early dinosaur. The delicate bones of most dinosaur embryos were destroyed over time, but this well-preserved skeleton offers detailed anatomy insights into the earliest known dinosaur embryo.
A report from the ESHRE committee reveals a significant rise in ICSI cycles, overtaking IVF techniques as the most commonly used assisted reproductive technology. The increase in ICSI cycles may be linked to shifting causes of infertility, with male subfertility potentially on the rise.
A study of 840 Italian couples found that the new law led to a significant reduction in embryo storage options, with 77.7% opting for disposal or donation. The law's impact on pregnancy rates is also being questioned, with some doctors citing reduced success rates due to the prohibition on embryo freezing.
A study published by the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology found that babies born after SET (single embryo transfer) in IVF pregnancies have similar birth weights, gestational ages, and stillbirth rates to those conceived naturally. However, SET pregnancies reported more hypertension.
A new report by the Genetics & Public Policy Center reveals a polarized debate over cloning policies, with high awareness but limited understanding of its scientific feasibility. The report highlights the need for sound science policy and contributes to public understanding of the complex ethical and policy issues surrounding cloning.