Articles tagged with Larvae
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New fossil discoveries of ancient lamprey growth series overturn conventional wisdom on the origin of vertebrates, including humans. Ancient lamprey larvae were found to have large eyes and toothed suckers like adult phases, contradicting long-held ideas about their evolutionary history.
A new study reveals that modern lamprey larvae are a relatively recent innovation, contrary to the long-held hypothesis. The fossil discoveries indicate that ancient lampreys resembled modern adult lampreys, with large eyes and toothed sucker mouths.
New fossil discoveries of over 300 million-year-old lampreys have upended the long-held theory on vertebrate origin, showing that ancient lamprey hatchlings were unlike their modern larvae counterparts. The findings suggest that extinct armored fishes might represent better candidates for the root of the vertebrate family tree.
Researchers found that antlion larvae can remain motionless for up to 61 minutes by 'playing dead', confusing predators and encouraging them to search elsewhere. This clever tactic allows the larvae to stay alive in an arms race with their predators.
PhD candidate Rebecca Poulsen designed a speaker system to study brain networks and hearing in baby fish, finding they can hear high-frequency sounds. Whole-brain imaging revealed how larvae process different types of sounds, raising questions about their brain's interpretation.
Larvae of long-bodied crane flies have cryptic coloration and patterning, as well as fleshy lobes that serve multiple purposes. The study reveals that these lobes aid locomotion by assisting larvae in crawling on moss carpets, contradicting previous hypotheses about their function.
A research team led by LMU zoologists identified fossils of insect larvae in Baltic amber, which suggest open areas of grassland nearby. In another sample, a rare Cretaceous butterfly larva with spines was discovered in Myanmar amber, supporting the idea that butterflies underwent early diversification.
Research by the University of Bristol team found that tropical paper wasps provide crucial support to extended family members, including helping neighboring nests. By observing twenty thousand baby wasps and their carers, the team discovered that workers become less useful as colony sizes rise due to a surplus of help.
Researchers found surface slicks to be critical nurseries for commercially and ecologically important fish species, containing 39% of the study area's larval fish and 75% of its organic debris. The diversities of fishes in slicks represent nearly 10% of all recorded fish species in Hawai'i.
Surface slicks off West Hawai'i harbor an astounding array of marine life, including over 112 species of commercially and ecologically important fishes. These 'bioslicks' form an interconnected superhighway of nursery habitat, attracting tons of young fishes with dense concentrations of food and shelter.
Scientists at the University of Bonn have identified a mechanism by which the immune system attacks filarial larvae, releasing DNA that forms a web around the larvae and traps them. The Dectin-1 receptor plays a key role in triggering this process, known as ETosis.
A new study suggests that farmers' individual practices, such as continuous maize cultivation, can contribute to the spread of western corn rootworm resistance. Regular crop rotation and planting non-Bt maize can effectively manage rootworm and delay resistance development in surrounding populations.
Rutgers-led research found coral reef fish larvae dispersal varies significantly over time and seasonally. This variability affects population estimates and conservation strategies, highlighting the need for more nuanced studies on dispersal patterns.
Global campaigns to eliminate tropical parasitic worm infections require better diagnostic tools. Researchers at WashU Medicine are developing improved diagnostics with a $2.95 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Researchers evaluated 14 experimental bermudagrasses for resistance to fall armyworm damage, identifying a few promising genotypes that are comparable to the industry standard 'TifTuf'. These new genotypes may offer an alternative to environmentally unsound insecticides and help reduce turfgrass damage.
A study published in Frontiers in Marine Science reveals that fan mussel larvae can disperse from unaffected populations, potentially aiding the recovery of an endangered species. The larvae can travel hundreds of kilometers thanks to ocean currents and play a crucial role in the species' survival.
A recent study using CRISPR-Cas technology identified a key gene responsible for heat tolerance in corals, providing insights into their response to climate change. The research found that modifying this gene made coral larvae more susceptible to heat stress.
Rapid climate change can cause sudden disruptions in food supply for certain species, making it difficult for them to adapt and survive. Studies found that great tit populations would be guaranteed to become extinct by 2100 if larvae appeared 24 days earlier than normal.
A study from Oregon State University found that small changes in water temperature can significantly impact the eating habits and growth rate of larval blackfin tuna, leading to slower growth and reduced survival rates. The research highlights the importance of prey availability in supporting fish growth during critical life stages.
Researchers found that coral larvae temporarily stop swimming due to reduced light intensity and then resume swimming at their initial speed. This behavior may play a role in determining where corals settle, with the larvae gathering in bright spaces.
A newly discovered parasitoid wasp has been found to dive underwater for several seconds to attack and pull out caterpillar hosts. The wasp's unusual behavior is reminiscent of the Japanese monster Godzilla.
Researchers at the University of Göttingen found that beetle larvae start using their brains before they are fully formed, defying conventional wisdom on insect intelligence. The study revealed that key parts of the brain's central complex are active in the larva, allowing it to orient itself in its environment.
New research highlights barriers to adopting insect-based food, including Western consumer acceptance and safety concerns. The larvae offer a high-quality protein source with zinc, iron, and calcium content comparable to meat.
Researchers found a new species of sea star that clones itself, allowing it to disperse globally and reach the Caribbean. The discovery was made using DNA barcoding and confirms the larvae's ability to clone themselves is a key factor in its distribution.
Scientists at UAT University in Mexico discovered a new species of Darwin wasp, Stethantyx covida, during the 2020 global quarantine period. The species belongs to the Ichneumonidae family and measures 3.5mm in length.
Researchers from Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology have developed a method to extract active compounds from black soldier fly larvae, which possess unique antimicrobial properties. The extract, called AWME, has been shown to be more effective than antibiotics in combating phytopathogenic bacteria.
A study published in PNAS explains how Lévy walks, a type of chaotic movement, allow animals to balance exploration and exploitation. The model used by the author shows that these movements emerge near critical points, enabling animals to respond strongly to environmental stimuli.
Researchers at the Champalimaud Centre for the Unknown found that social experiences during the first week of development impact zebrafish behaviour at an early larval stage. Isolated larvae showed stronger escape swims in response to local water vibrations, indicating a lasting effect.
The study highlights Guadalquivir and Guadiana estuaries as breeding areas due to specific water conditions, including salinity gradient and turbidity. These factors enable high densities of early stages fish and macro-zooplankton, crucial for fish growth.
University of Queensland researchers have linked improvements in zebrafish's hunting skills to the development of sensory coding in their brains. The study shows that changes in neural circuitry lead to refinements in behavior and even predict individual fish's hunting success.
Research reveals Arctic mosquito populations are driven by food quality rather than predator density, contradicting initial hypotheses. The study found that ponds with better food quality had lower population growth rates and higher larval mortality.
A nationwide survey of dragonfly larvae has confirmed the use of these insects to measure mercury pollution in US national parks, providing a new tool for researchers. The study found that about two-thirds of aquatic sites studied within national parks are polluted with moderate-to-extreme levels of mercury.
Researchers found elevated total mercury concentrations in dragonfly larvae from various national parks, with higher levels in rivers and streams. The study suggests that these insects can be used to predict mercury levels in other species, enabling early warning systems for environmental hazards.
Climate change is fueling the rapid expansion of invasive species like the Asian shore crab into previously unknown habitats. This study finds that climate warming can predict the speed and extent of these invasions by examining the early developmental stages of larvae, which are often more vulnerable to environmental fluctuations.
A new species of darkling beetle larvae discovered in East Asia can degrade polystyrene, a material notoriously difficult to decompose. The larvae's unique gut flora contains a simple group of bacterial species that oxidize and change the surface property of polystyrene.
A new study reveals that a single slow touch on the Venus flytrap's trigger hair can also trigger trap closure, allowing it to catch slow-moving larvae and snails. The researchers used highly sensitive sensors and mathematical models to determine the forces needed to trigger the mechanism.
Reed beetles form symbiotic relationships with bacteria that provide essential amino acids, vitamins, and enzymes to support larval development. Adult beetles also rely on these microbes for pectin breakdown, which enables them to access nutrient-rich plant sources.
A new species of riffle beetle, Podonychus gyobu, is described from Kyushu, Japan, with a disjunct distribution across the equator to Indonesia. The genus was previously known only in Indonesia and has a unique characteristic of having six-segmented antennae.
New video technique reveals altered nursing behaviour and retarded larval development in neonicotinoid-treated honey bees. This affects their social interactions and increases the risk of parasite infestation, such as Varroa mite.
The larvae of beetle genus Toramus attach their exuviae to the distal abdomen and retain them throughout development. This unique behavior may serve as a form of autotomy, allowing predators to remove exuviae without harming the larva. However, further studies are needed to confirm its defensive function.
A team of scientists from Nagoya University found that starving medaka larvae can cause sex reversal, revealing a potential link to environmental factors and metabolic processes. The study may provide insights into rare conditions in humans and other vertebrates where individuals have characteristics of both sexes.
A study by University of Tsukuba researchers has identified a key molecule Crz that regulates body size adjustment during the larval stage in Drosophila. The study found that Crz neurons physically contact PTTH-producing neurons, controlling basal ecdysteroid biosynthesis and enabling proper development.
Researchers at KAUST developed a cost-effective approach to detect red palm weevil infestation using laser pulses and optical fibers. The system can identify larvae as young as 12 days old and provide noninvasive, 24/7 monitoring of large-scale farms.
A field experiment with a leaf galling fly and its parasitic wasps found that eliminating natural enemies constrains the fly's evolution toward only one optimal solution. This loss of genetic diversity may make it harder for the fly to adapt to changing environments.
Researchers found that female flies were attracted to yeasts in foreign habitats, even if it meant reducing their offspring's survival chances. This openness could be a key factor in the emergence of new Drosophila species as they adapt to new environments.
Researchers from TUM have identified a substance that worm larvae use to modulate the host's immune response, activating anti-inflammatory pathways and reducing inflammatory mediators. This active molecule shows promise as a new treatment for chronic airway inflammation in allergic asthma.
A team of researchers from the University of Tsukuba investigated the role of various neurotransmitters in regulating metamorphosis using the model sea squirt Ciona intestinalis. They found that GABA is a key regulator of metamorphosis, triggering physical changes associated with maturation.
Researchers developed a faster and more objective alternative to traditional maggot analysis methods. They created a new hierarchical conformal predictor that can distinguish between six different maggot species, revolutionizing the field of forensic entomology.
A study by University of Sussex researchers found that common anti-parasite treatments for cattle have devastating impacts on dung beetles, key prey items for various bird and bat species. The treatments, which are widely used and available without veterinary oversight, can attract adult beetles and impair their larvae's development.
A new study found that elevated nutrients and modest water temperature increases negatively affect coral larvae's first few days of life. The research revealed that nutrient imbalances can seriously impact coral larvae, but certain larvae types are more resistant to environmental stressors.
Larvae of horseradish flea beetles use glucosinolates to fend off predators, but pupae lack this chemical protection. The beetle's mustard oil bomb is crucial for defense, particularly in larvae that store glucosinolates.
Scientists at UNM Health Sciences Center have developed a non-toxic method to eradicate Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which transmit dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. The approach uses yeast cells infused with orange oil, which kills the larvae when ingested.
A recent study reveals that Mediterranean sea urchin populations are more genetically isolated than previously thought, with strong selection pressure on temperature adaptation. The analysis of genetic distribution suggests a progressive adaptation from west to east, highlighting the impact of global warming and geographical barriers.
A study led by University at Buffalo biologist Shermali Gunawardena has explored the properties of alpha-synuclein, a protein associated with Parkinson's disease. The research suggests that deleting a specific region of the protein may help prevent key problems that occur when too much alpha-synuclein is produced.
A team of scientists from Tokyo Metropolitan University discovered that a specific insulin-like peptide called ILP2 regulates the size of mandibles in broad-horned flour beetles. The study found that larvae fed sufficiently, showed elevated expression of ILP2, leading to larger mandibles.
A study reveals that predatory lacewing larvae can tolerate the toxic isothiocyanates produced by caterpillars of the diamondback moth, which are unable to detoxify glucosinolates. This difference in detoxification mechanism has no impact on lacewing fitness or prey choice.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have discovered how aquatic larvae of net-winged midges create super-strong suction organs, enabling them to move around on rocks in turbulent water. This study aims to inspire the development of bio-inspired suction cups with improved industrial applications.
A team of researchers from Ben-Gurion University has developed an innovative approach to kill mosquito larvae by delivering bacteria into the male mosquito's gut during mating. The method uses natural bacteria that produce a toxin only lethal to mosquito larvae, resulting in a targeted and effective biological pest control solution.
Researchers find over 100 insect larvae in amber, providing new evidence on the ecology of Eocene-era forests. The discovery supports a warm-to-temperate seasonal humid forest ecosystem interpretation, and offers insights into the evolution of dipteran larvae.
Zebrafish larvae's ability to coordinate movement and maintain balance improves as they age, mirroring human brain function. The study suggests that the developing fish rely on their vestibular organs to oversee improvements in coordination needed to remain horizontal.