Human Adaptation
Articles tagged with Human Adaptation
Doctors favor explaining anxiety to patients as a human evolution ‘success story’
A new study found that mental health clinicians prefer evolutionary explanations of anxiety over genetic approaches, believing they provide a more positive outlook and can improve patient willingness to seek help. This shift could lead to more hopeful and therapeutically empowering attitudes towards anxiety treatment.
How ancient attraction shaped the human genome
Researchers found that long-standing mating preferences led to sex-biased interbreeding, resulting in the loss of Neanderthal DNA on X chromosomes. The study reveals a complex social history of human evolution, challenging the idea that survival of the fittest drove human migration.
Becoming human in southern Africa: What ancient hunter-gatherer genomes reveal
Researchers analyzed DNA of 28 ancient southern Africans, finding 490 modern human-specific genetic variants, including immune system and kidney function genes. These adaptations may be related to human's water-retention and body-cooling system, giving special endurance.
Ten-thousand-year-old genomes from southern Africa change picture of human evolution
A new study reveals that Homo sapiens evolved in southern Africa for at least 200,000 years, contradicting previous theories. The analysis of 28 ancient genomes found genetic adaptations that shaped the species and unique variants linked to kidney functions and cognitive evolution.
Are you more jealous of emotional or sexual infidelity? It may depend on your sexual orientation
A study published in the Archives of Sexual Behavior found that bisexual and homosexual men are more jealous of emotional infidelity, similar to women. This contradicts previous assumptions that men are primarily jealous of sexual infidelity.
A leg up on better running data
A recent study from Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences uses wearable sensor technology and machine learning to estimate ground-reaction forces in runners. This data can provide insights into performance and injury, enabling the development of devices that deliver real-time feedback to users.
Humans evolved fastest amongst the apes
Researchers analyzed ape skulls to find that humans evolved the largest brain size and flattest face among closely related species. This rapid evolution suggests a strong link between cranial structure and cognitive abilities, but social factors may also play a role in human skull development.
Why did Neanderthals go to the beach?
The study of Neanderthal footprints offers a unique window into everyday behaviour, providing insight into their physical presence, locomotion strategies, diet and social structure. The research suggests that Neanderthals were more versatile and ecologically adapted to coastal environments than previously believed.
Rice anthropologist among first to use AI to uncover new clues that early humans were prey, not predators Were early humans hunters — or hunted?
A recent study led by Rice University anthropologist Manuel Domínguez-Rodrigo challenges the long-held idea that Homo habilis was the first species to rise from being prey to predators. Using AI-powered analysis, his team discovered that early humans were still hunted by carnivores like leopards around 2 million years ago.
Partnership with Kenya's Turkana community helps scientists discover genes involved in adaptation to desert living
Researchers found genetic adaptations underlying survival in hot and dry environments, revealing how natural selection enabled the Turkana to thrive in extreme conditions. The study identified key genes, including STC1, that play vital roles in conserving water and protecting kidneys from waste.
Culture is driving a major shift in human evolution, new theory proposes
Researchers argue that culture is driving human evolution, solving problems more rapidly than genetic evolution. Cultural practices adapt faster, allowing groups to adapt to new environments and solve novel problems.
How micronutrients have shaped human DNA
Researchers found genetic adaptations in response to micronutrient shortages and surpluses, particularly in regions with iodine-poor soils. The study provides insights into the impact of micronutrient availability on human evolution, highlighting potential vulnerabilities to deficiencies as climate change affects soil nutrient levels.
Extinct human relatives left a genetic gift that helped people thrive in the Americas
A new study found that a gene passed down from extinct archaic humans, Denisovans, is present in modern Latin Americans with Indigenous American ancestry and provides an adaptive advantage. The researchers also discovered the gene's presence in ancient individuals excavated at archeological sites across North and South America.
DNA from extinct hominin may have helped ancient peoples survive in the Americas
Researchers discovered that humans with Indigenous American ancestry are more likely to carry a variant of the MUC19 gene inherited from Denisovans, which may have helped them adapt to new ecosystems. The Denisovan gene variant is surrounded by DNA from Neanderthals, suggesting interbreeding between the two species.
To craft early tools, ancient human relatives transported stones over long distances 600,000 years earlier than previously thought
Researchers analyzed stone tools from Kenya's Homa Peninsula and found they were crafted from stronger, volcanic rocks brought from several miles away. This discovery pushes back the earliest known evidence of ancient humans transporting resources over long distances by 600,000 years.
Changes in diet drove physical evolution in early humans
A new study found that early humans consumed carbohydrate-rich foods like grains and underground plant tissues before they had the ideal teeth to chew them efficiently. This suggests that behavior played a significant role in their physical evolution, allowing them to adapt to new environments despite physical limitations.
How ‘scrumping’ apes may have given us a taste for alcohol
A new study has coined the term 'scrumping' to describe great apes' fondness for eating ripe, fermented fruit from the forest floor. The researchers suggest that this behavior may have played a significant role in the evolution of human alcohol tolerance.
Baby talk – a human superpower?
A study by researchers from the University of Zurich found that humans are the most frequent users of child-directed speech among five species of great apes. However, non-human great ape infants may acquire language through surrounding communication and gestures, similar to human children.
This gene variant contributed to the dietary and physiological evolution of modern humans
A genetic variant of ACSF3 has been identified as contributing to the co-evolution of increased human height and basal metabolic rate. This variant is found in humans but not in non-human primates, suggesting a link to the dietary shift towards meat consumption that occurred during modern human evolution.
“It’s like they have a superpower”: Genetic analysis of all-women extreme divers finds changes linked to blood pressure, cold tolerance
A study of all-women extreme divers off the coast of Korea found two genetic changes that could aid their diving ability, lowering blood pressure and improving pain tolerance to cold. The researchers hope this discovery will advance care for health conditions like stroke related to high blood pressure.
A study highlights the naturalness of the seasonal time change and questions the basis of modern criticism of the practice
A study published in Royal Society Open Science highlights the naturalness of seasonal time change and challenges modern criticisms. The authors suggest that changing the clocks aligns human activity with sunrise and improves mental health. They propose a new start date for clocks, taking into account physiological and social foundations.
New fossil discovery of an early human ancestor reveals that it walked upright, just like humans
Researchers found a single young adult Paranthropus robustus fossil with evidence of habitual upright walking, weighing only about a meter tall and 27 kg at death. The species' small size made it vulnerable to predators like sabertooth cats and giant hyenas.
Chronic exercise training has a unique influence on sleep in female athletes
Chronic exercise training affects female athletes' energy expenditure and slow-wave sleep patterns differently than general women, influenced by menstrual cycles and reproductive functions.
New study uncovers evolutionary roots of conspicuous consumption
A new study led by Dr. Jim Swaffield challenges the assumption that conspicuous consumption is irrational, instead showing it's driven by an interaction between environmental conditions and one's evolved biology. The researchers found that financial and physical safety conditions can affect the desire for signalling products.
Why do we love carbs? The origins predate agriculture and maybe even our split from Neanderthals
A new study finds that the gene for starch-digesting saliva may have first duplicated more than 800,000 years ago, seeding genetic variation that shapes modern diet. This early duplication set the stage for significant variation in the amylase region, allowing humans to adapt to shifting diets with increasing starch consumption.
Early human species benefited from food diversity in steep mountainous terrain
A new study reveals that mountainous regions played a key role in human evolution, providing increased biodiversity and food resources. The Diversity Selection Hypothesis suggests that early humans adapted to steep terrain due to its enhanced environmental conditions.
Agriculture accelerated human genome evolution to capture energy from starchy foods
Over 12,000 years ago, humans in Europe increased their ability to digest carbohydrates by expanding the number of genes for enzymes that break down starch. This rapid increase in gene copies provided a survival advantage and tracks the spread of agriculture across Europe.
Fossil hotspots in Africa obscure a more complete picture of human evolution
Researchers at George Washington University found that fossil hotspots in eastern Africa, such as the East African Rift System, bias our understanding of human evolution due to their limited geographic representation. The study suggests that scientists must take this bias into account when interpreting early human history and recommend...
New biomarker database designed to improve astronaut health may also be useful to earthlings
A new biomarker database, Space Omics and Medical Atlas (SOMA), has been developed to improve astronaut health, but its findings may also be useful for people on Earth with limited mobility or bedridden conditions. The database provides insights into short and long-term health impacts of spaceflight.
Imperceptible sensors made from ‘electronic spider silk’ can be printed directly on human skin
Researchers have developed a method to print adaptive and eco-friendly sensors directly onto biological surfaces, including human skin. The new approach uses 'electronic spider silk' that can conform to surfaces while providing high-quality sensor performance.
Ancient people hunted extinct elephants at Tagua Tagua Lake in Chile 12,000 years ago
Early hunter-gatherers in central Chile regularly visited Tagua Tagua Lake between 12,440-12,550 years old to hunt ancient elephants and process other local resources. The discovery of the fossil remains of a gomphothere at the site provides insights into the subsistence strategies of early humans during the Late Pleistocene.
Pupil contraction indicates hidden cognitive fatigue in prolonged esports play across various skill levels
Researchers found that subjective fatigue did not increase until 2 hours of play, while pupillary constriction occurred at 2 and 3 hours, indicating cognitive fatigue despite varying levels of expertise. This suggests that monitoring pupil constriction could help detect cognitive resource depletion in mentally demanding environments.
Evolution might stop humans from solving climate change, says new study
A new study by University of Maine researchers reveals that human evolution's core processes might prevent humans from resolving global environmental problems like climate change. The study found that cultural adaptation to the environment, which has driven human evolution, accelerates due to a positive feedback process, making it chal...
UTSA MATRIX AI Consortium receives $2 million to make AI more efficient
The UTSA MATRIX AI Consortium has received a $2 million grant to create new AI models that rapidly learn, adapt, and operate in uncertain conditions. The team aims to bridge the gap between human brain processing efficiency and current AI limitations, enabling more efficient and adaptive AI systems.
UMaine, UVM researchers conduct first-ever study of cultural adaptation to climate change
A team of researchers from UMaine and UVM have conducted the first-ever study of cultural adaptation to climate change in US crops. They found that farmers are already adapting their practices to better match crops to recent changes in climate, with some regions showing significant changes in crop selection.
New insights on Neanderthal cuisine. Plos One has just published a study that sums up twenty years of archaeological excavations with a striking conclusion: Neanderthals were as intelligent as Homo sapiens
Neanderthals demonstrated intelligence and symbolic thought through their ability to control fire and cook food. Their varied diet consisted of cooked meats, fish, and other food sources, showcasing their advanced cognitive abilities.
Human shoulders and elbows first evolved as brakes for climbing apes
A study by Dartmouth researchers reveals that human shoulders and elbows evolved to facilitate 'downclimbing' - the process of descending from trees without dying. This adaptation allowed early humans to navigate their environment safely, gathering food and deploying tools for hunting and defense.
Study shows that activity in the subthalamic nucleus reflects action outcomes and consequent adaptation in humans; this can be modified through bursts of electrical stimulation, with potential to restore healthy brain function in people with neurological
Research shows that bursts of electrical stimulation can modify activity in the subthalamic nucleus, influencing human behavior and potentially treating neurological disorders like Parkinson's disease. The study suggests a new approach to restore healthy brain function in people with these conditions.
Earth system modeling and fossil data reveal Homo adaptation to diverse environments
A new study reveals Homo species' preference for diverse habitats over the last 3 million years. Early African hominins like H. habilis and H. ergaster lived in open grasslands, while H. erectus adapted to temperate forests and colder habitats.
Human ancestors preferred mosaic landscapes and high ecosystem diversity
A new study found that early human ancestors adapted to diverse food resources and mosaic landscapes, which increased their resilience to climate changes. The researchers analyzed over 3,000 fossil specimens and archeological sites, revealing a preference for biomes with high plant and animal diversity.
Spanish physicists disagree with the Sleep Society and endorse the time change in the USA
Researchers propose adjusting spring and autumn time changes to optimize daylight usage, rather than abolishing them. They argue that modern societies can benefit from seasonal time regulation, despite temporary disruptions.
Delayed intervention makes eliminating monkeypox more difficult
A new study from the University of Maryland cautions that delayed interventions make it harder to eliminate monkeypox. The research suggests that stronger and better-adapted variants may evolve if case numbers are low, making it challenging to control outbreaks.
Archaeological excavations in Romania show life of earliest modern humans in Europe
Recent excavations at Româneşti, western Romania, provide insights into the adaptation and craftsmanship of early Homo sapiens around 40 thousand years ago. The site yielded standardized chipped stone bladelets and grindstones suggesting a projectile workshop.
Newcastle University research reveals remarkable variability in coral heat tolerance
A new study by Newcastle University found that individual corals have varying levels of heat tolerance, with some able to withstand double the heat stress required to induce bleaching and mortality. This variability suggests capacity for adaptation if some of the toughest corals can survive marine heatwaves.
New pediatric investigation study explores how active parent participation can improve neonatal health and reduce parental stress
A new study explores how active parent participation can improve neonatal health and reduce parental stress. The study found that cultural attitudes, collaboration between medical staff and parents, and availability of equipment are key factors in enabling parent-infant closeness.
City life or farm life? When elephants adapt to different human development
Researchers monitored elephant movements through wildlife corridors in urban and farm landscapes, finding that elephants use corridors predominantly at night in agricultural areas, but overlap with humans during the day in cities. The study highlights the need for considering daily activity patterns in conservation planning.
Researchers chart advances in ancient DNA technology
Ancient DNA research has made significant strides in the past decade, enabling scientists to reconstruct genomes of extinct species like Neanderthals and Denisovans. The latest advancements have improved efficiency and accuracy, allowing for the recovery of usable data from degraded samples. These findings shed light on human migration...
Did gonorrhea give us grandparents?
A new study suggests that a unique gene variant supporting cognitive health in older humans may have first emerged to protect against infectious pathogens like gonorrhea. This variant, linked to CD33, allows brain immune cells to break down damaged brain cells and amyloid plaques associated with Alzheimer's disease.
Do wolves sleep like dogs?
Researchers measured wolf sleep using non-invasive EEG, finding similarities with dog sleep but less REM time. The study offers a unique opportunity to understand the effects of domestication and cohabitation on wolf sleep phenotypes.
Limiting global warming to 1.5°C would reduce risks to humans by up to 85%
New research finds that limiting global warming to 1.5°C could reduce human exposure to water scarcity, heat stress, and vector-borne diseases by 10-44% globally. The study also identifies West Africa, India, and North America as regions with projected increased climate change risks.
Supernumerary virtual robotic arms can feel like part of our body
A study from Japan's University of Tokyo reveals that users can form a strong sense of ownership with virtual robotic arms, expanding their perceived personal space. The research aims to inform the design of real-life supernumerary robotic limb systems that people can use naturally.
Developmental dyslexia essential to human adaptive success, study argues
Researchers argue that people with dyslexia have specific strengths in exploring the unknown, which has contributed to their successful adaptation and survival as a species. This 'explorative bias' plays a crucial role in our ability to adapt to changing environments.
Low-cost 3D model is expected to accelerate research on neurological effects of COVID-19
Researchers developed a low-cost 3D model of the brain to study SARS-CoV-2's neurological effects. The adapted virus replicates 30 times more efficiently in astrocytes than neurons, highlighting the importance of these cells in central nervous system infection.
Human or seal? Who has the best underwater hearing?
A new study reveals that humans can hear as well as seals under water, with an average hearing threshold of 71 dB at 500 Hz. However, human hearing is not adapted to work well under water and has a reduced ability to determine sound direction.
Brain size determined the chances of survival among large animals
Researchers found that extinct species had smaller brains than surviving ones, suggesting a link between brain size and adaptability. The study suggests that larger brains helped extant species cope with human activities and climate change.
CNIC scientists discover a new mechanism involved in the modulation of heart muscle elasticity
Researchers have identified a new mechanism involving the oxidation of cysteines in titin protein that modulates cardiac stiffness and dynamics. This discovery sheds light on how the heart adapts to various situations and responds to oxidative balance disorders.
Marine mollusc shells reveal how prehistoric humans adapted to intense climate change
A study of ancient shell remains found at El Mazo cave site reveals that prehistoric humans in Europe adapted to a 1,500-year cold period by exploiting different mollusc species and avoiding overfishing. This research provides insights into human responses to climate change and its impacts on marine environments.
Mommy says easy does it
A study by Kyoto University researchers reveals that human fetuses develop slower shoulder growth before birth, alleviating complications during delivery. This adaptation allows for a safer passage through the birth canal, reconciling the incompatibility between wide shoulders and narrow pelvis.
Early human habitats linked to past climate shifts
A new study by an international team of scientists links early human habitats to past climate shifts using a supercomputer model and fossil records. The research suggests that climate change played a central role in determining where different hominin groups lived and their remains were found.