Articles tagged with Neanderthals
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Researchers found that Neanderthal children grew at a similar rate to modern humans, introducing solid foods around 5-6 months old, and were likely of similar weight to neonates. This suggests a possible shorter inter-birth interval and similar gestational history.
Researchers analyzed digital reconstructions of four Neanderthal infants' rib cages to discover the characteristic feature existed at birth. The analysis found shorter and deeper rib cages in Neanderthals compared to modern humans, regardless of age.
A new study reveals that genetic variants from a 50,000-year-old Neanderthal from southern Europe are associated with an increased risk of severe COVID-19. Carriers of these variants have up to three times the risk of requiring mechanical ventilation, highlighting the importance of genetics in disease severity.
A recent study published in Nature reveals that a Neandertal gene variant significantly increases the risk of developing severe COVID-19. The research found that this genetic variant is inherited from Neandertals and affects around three times more people than expected, with varying prevalence across different regions.
Researchers discovered stone tools dated to the earlier time period in a cave in Portugal, supporting a rapid westward dispersal of modern humans. The finding documents the presence of modern humans in westernmost Europe concurrent with Neanderthals.
Researchers reveal modern human presence in central Portugal at least 41,100 years ago, contradicting previous timing. The findings suggest a rapid spread into southern Europe after arrival in northern Iberia, with Neanderthal populations dwindling due to environmental factors.
Researchers have successfully sequenced the Y chromosomes of Neandertals and Denisovans, shedding light on their genetic relationships. The findings reveal that Neandertals had adopted male sex chromosomes from modern humans, with similar patterns seen in mitochondrial DNA.
Researchers analyzed Y chromosomes of Denisovans and Neanderthals, finding early gene flow events led to replacement of archaic Neanderthal Y chromosomes by modern human Y chromosomes. No replacement of Denisovan Y chromosomes with H. sapiens Y chromosomes was observed.
A 48,000-year-old milk-tooth found in Veneto, Italy, is confirmed to belong to a child Neanderthal, providing valuable insights into human evolution. The study's findings suggest that Neanderthals were present in the area until around 45,000 years ago.
The study reveals the oldest mitochondrial genome of a Neanderthal found in Central-Eastern Europe, dating back ~80,000 years. Genetic analysis shows a strong connection between Poland and the Northern Caucasus, shedding light on Neanderthals' adaptability and biology.
A German-Italian research project analyzed artefacts from the Sesselfelsgrotte cave in Lower Bavaria, finding similarities and differences between various types of knives. The researchers concluded that Keilmesser were a reaction to climate change, developed for their long lifespan and multi-functional use.
Researchers have recalibrated the radiocarbon age curve, revealing a time dilation that shifted the overlap between Neanderthals and Homo sapiens from over 6,000 years to less than 4,000 years. The revision is attributed to a geomagnetic field minimum 41,000 years ago.
A study discovered that some people in Europe and South America carry a Neandertal variant of an ion channel gene, leading to increased pain sensitivity. The gene's variant is associated with a lower pain threshold compared to the modern human version.
Researchers reconstructed paleoclimate conditions from stalagmites in Apulia, Italy, finding minimal significant climate fluctuations. The findings challenge the climate change hypothesis as a cause of Neanderthal extinction.
Researchers used stem cells to study the developmental effects of Neandertal DNA, finding that archaic DNA contributes to skin and hair color traits prevalent in Europeans. The study provides a proof-of-principle for using organoids to track Neandertal-derived RNA across developmental processes.
A recent study by Max Planck Institute researchers used stem cells and organoids to analyze the role of Neandertal DNA in human development. The team found that archaic DNA is present in nearly all modern humans outside Africa, with certain genes associated with skin and hair color being highly prevalent in Europeans.
A Neandertal fossil found in Chagyrskaya Cave suggests that the species may have lived in small groups of less than 60 individuals. The study's findings also suggest a unique role for the striatum region of the brain in Neandertals, potentially influencing cognition and behavior.
A study by University of Córdoba researchers questions the Neanderthal origin of Spanish rock art in the Nerja Cave. They propose a new method for dating Paleolithic art that considers multiple measuring systems, potentially leading to a revised timeline for human artistic development.
Researchers found that women inheriting a Neandertal gene variant have lower rates of early miscarriages, fewer bleedings during pregnancy, and higher birth rates. The study suggests the variant has a favorable effect on fertility, with increased progesterone receptor production leading to greater sensitivity and protection.
New computer model simulations suggest that Neanderthals' rapid decline was due to competition with Homo sapiens for resources. The model, which considers climate change and interbreeding, shows that Homo sapiens had a significant advantage in exploiting existing food resources.
A new analysis by an international team of researchers confirms that Homo sapiens created the earliest modern artifacts in Europe, dating back to around 45,000 years ago. The findings challenge the long-held assumption that Neanderthals were responsible for these advanced technologies.
A new study from UC Davis shows that Neandertals selected bones from specific animals to create a lissoir, a tool used to work hides into leather. The analysis of collagen protein residues using ZooMS revealed a preference for bovine ribs over deer bones, suggesting deliberate tool choice.
Researchers analyzed the genomes of over 27,000 Icelanders to create a new image of Neanderthals, finding that they had children with Denisovans before meeting Homo Sapiens. The study reveals significant fragments of Denisovan genes in Icelandic DNA, challenging previous assumptions about hybridization and genetic transfer.
A six-millimetre-long cord fragment discovered in Abri du Maras, France, dates back to between 41,000-52,000 years ago and features a three-ply cord made from natural fibres. The discovery suggests that Neanderthals may have possessed advanced cognitive abilities, including mathematical concepts and basic numeracy skills.
Researchers discovered evidence of cord making on a flint fragment from Abri du Maras in France, dating back 40,000 years. The remains showed twisted fibres made of cellulose, likely from coniferous trees, highlighting the cognitive abilities and knowledge of Neanderthals.
Scientists have retrieved the oldest human genetic data set from an 800,000-year-old tooth, shedding light on the branching points in the human family tree. The findings support the idea that Homo antecessor was a sister group to modern humans, Neanderthals, and Denisovans.
A recent study supports the idea that modern humans and Neanderthals had multiple encounters, resulting in Neanderthal DNA being woven into the modern human genome. The research found that people in Eurasia today have genetic material linked to Neanderthals from different regions, including Siberia and Croatia.
The study reveals that fishing and shellfish-gathering were crucial components of the Neanderthal subsistence economy in Portugal. This discovery sheds light on the cognitive skills of early humans, suggesting that access to marine resources may have contributed to their development.
Researchers have discovered evidence of Neanderthals' extensive use of the sea as a food source, similar to modern humans in Africa. The findings suggest that Neanderthals were fisher-hunter-gatherers with a long-term coastal resource use record dating back to around 106-86 kya.
Researchers discovered remains of various marine animals in a Portuguese cave occupied by Neanderthals between 106,000 and 86,000 BCE. This finding suggests that many Neanderthal groups shared similar dietary habits, contradicting the common perception of them as cold-climate hunters.
An international research team discovered that Neanderthals consumed mussels, fish, and seals over 80,000 years ago, similar to anatomically modern humans. This finding suggests a potential link between seafood consumption and the development of cognitive abilities in these ancient human populations.
Researchers found that Neanderthals in Southern Siberia originated from various European populations, including those from Central and Eastern Europe. The study used DNA analysis of Neanderthal bones and sediments to reconstruct the migration route.
A new study reveals the earliest known interbreeding event between ancient human populations, dating back to around 700,000 years ago. The super-archaics in Eurasia interbred with Neanderthal-Denisovan ancestors, providing insights into human migration out of Africa and into Eurasia.
Researchers have uncovered the articulated Neanderthal skeleton of Shanidar Z, which offers unparalleled opportunities to investigate mortuary practices using modern technologies. The find suggests that Neanderthals conducted funerary rites with flowers, challenging previous assumptions about their cultural sophistication.
Researchers discovered genetic contributions from an unknown archaic hominin in modern West Africans through computer modeling. The study suggests recent or multiple interactions between anatomically modern humans and various populations of archaic hominins, hinting at a complex history.
Researchers found that African genomes contain more Neanderthal sequences than previously reported, suggesting back-migration from European ancestors. The study also reveals surprisingly similar levels of Neanderthal ancestry in Europeans, East Asians, and South Asians.
Researchers have discovered that modern Africans carry Neanderthal DNA, contradicting previous assumptions about the geographic isolation of Neanderthals and ancestral African populations. The study also sheds light on the origin of Neanderthal sequences in Africans, revealing a history of human migration and gene flow.
Researchers found that Chagyrskaya Cave Neanderthals used tools similar to those made by Eastern European Neanderthals, suggesting a connection between the two populations. The discovery indicates at least two separate dispersals of Neanderthals into southern Siberia.
A new study suggests that Neanderthals may have spent time at the beach and dove into the Mediterranean Sea to gather clam shells. Researchers found that nearly three-quarters of shell tools had been sanded down, indicating they were collected from the seafloor.
Neandertals used clam shells as scrapers and pumice stones as abrading tools, collecting resources from the beach and coastal waters of Italy. The study found that nearly a quarter of the shells had been collected underwater, suggesting Neandertals waded or dived into coastal waters to gather materials.
Researchers suggest that small Neanderthal populations were vulnerable to extinction due to inbreeding and demographic fluctuations. Population modeling revealed that even moderate levels of inbreeding and Allee effects could lead to extinction across various population sizes.
Researchers suggest that diseases may have played a crucial role in the extinction of Neanderthals. By employing mathematical models, they demonstrate how unique diseases harbored by Neanderthals and modern humans could have created an invisible disease barrier, ultimately allowing modern humans to supplant their cousins.
Researchers have discovered human teeth in Manot Cave that date back 40,000 years, revealing the presence of Aurignacians from Europe. The findings suggest a common origin between European populations and those in the Levant.
A team of researchers has discovered a piece of jewelry made from eagle talons, believed to be the oldest known ornament in Europe. The discovery dates back to 39,000 years ago and provides insight into the cultural practices of Neanderthals.
Researchers discovered a Neandertal-made tar-backed tool from the North Sea, revealing the use of complex technology by Neandertals. The tool, dated to approximately 50,000 years old, suggests a considerable investment of resources in its production and maintenance.
An international research team has found evidence of human activity on the island of Naxos at least 200,000 years ago, forcing a reevaluation of human movement in the region. The discovery pushes back the known settlement timeline by tens of thousands of years and suggests that early humans were capable of adapting to new environments.
Researchers discovered mechanically delivered projectile weapons in Europe dating back 45,000-40,000 years, indicating modern humans had a hunting advantage over Neanderthals. The spearthrower and bow-and-arrow technologies allowed for higher impact energy hunting strategies, leading to the replacement of Neanderthals.
A new study suggests that chronic ear infections caused by a flat Eustachian tube angle may have led to the demise of the Neanderthals. This condition would have been a lifelong threat to their health and survival, making it difficult for them to compete with Homo sapiens for resources.
Researchers have reconstructed the skeletal anatomy of Denisovans using DNA methylation patterns, identifying 56 unique features. The study reveals that Denisovans had a wider skull, longer dental arch, and unique traits that separate them from modern humans and Neanderthals.
A study of 80,000-year-old fossilized hominin footprints in Normandy, France provides insights into the social structure of Neandertals. The analysis suggests that most footprints belonged to adolescents and children, indicating a group size and composition.
Scientists have identified a missing Denisovan finger bone fragment revealing its morphology is closer to modern human digits than previously thought. The finding suggests that finger bone characteristics unique to Neanderthals evolved after the evolutionary split from Denisovans.
Neanderthals produced birch tar as a simple, sticky substance for tool attachment. The method involves burning birch bark next to river cobbles in an oxygenated environment, yielding a useable amount of tar within hours.
A recent study revealed that Neanderthals had an exceptionally high frequency of external auditory exostoses, also known as 'swimmer's ear', in their remains. This suggests that they spent a significant amount of time collecting resources in aquatic settings.
Researchers analyzed DNA from Gibraltar Neanderthal remains found in 1848 and 1926, finding that some sequences were deaminated due to damage, while others showed significant human DNA contamination. The study suggests it is possible to analyze ancient DNA in highly contaminated specimens using a specific preparation method.
Researchers have retrieved nuclear genome sequences from ancient Neandertal fossils, providing a unique glimpse into the early history of European Neandertals. The study reveals that these ancient individuals were more closely related to later Neandertals in Europe than to those in Siberia, shedding new light on human migration patterns.
The site, occupied between 71,000 and 54,000 years ago, reveals repeated use of an open-air settlement, challenging previous assumptions about short-lived settlements. Researchers found evidence of general activities, including tool-making, resource provisioning, and on-site consumption, indicating a stable settlement system.
Researchers analyzed DNA from two 120,000-year-old European Neandertals, finding they shared a stable ancestry with late Neanderthals. The study suggests these early Neandertals may have migrated east and replaced some Siberian populations, providing new insights into their history.
Researchers have discovered evidence of Neanderthals using adhesive on their stone tools, known as hafting, in two Italian caves. The discovery suggests that Neanderthals were capable of crafting more complex tools and may have even built fires to warm the resin.
A new model suggests that declining fertility rates in young Neanderthal women could have contributed to the population's decline and eventual extinction. The study used demographic modeling to explore possible scenarios, finding that a decrease in fertility rates of just 2.7 percent could have led to extinction within 10,000 years.
A new study has found that Neanderthals and modern humans diverged at least 800,000 years ago, contradicting previous estimates of around 300,000-500,000 years. The research used dental evolutionary rates to analyze early Neanderthal fossils from Sima de los Huesos, Spain.