Dna Damage
Articles tagged with Dna Damage
New AI tool developed by Stowers Institute and Helmholtz Munich scientists predicts how cells choose their future — helping uncover hidden drivers of development
Researchers developed RegVelo, an AI framework that models cellular dynamics and gene regulation to predict cellular fate decisions. The model traces developmental trajectories and simulates regulatory interactions, providing insights into hidden drivers of development and potential therapeutic targets.
Scientists reveal how cells “back up” DNA replication to survive severe damage
New kind of CRISPR could treat viral infection and cancer by shredding sick cells’ DNA
A new CRISPR protein, Cas12a2, has shown potential for killing sick cells while leaving healthy ones untouched. Researchers have tested its effectiveness in destroying cancer cells and virus-infected cells with promising results.
UT MD Anderson shares latest research breakthroughs
Researchers at UT MD Anderson Cancer Center have made significant advancements in targeted therapy treatments for advanced lung cancer and early-stage classical Hodgkin lymphoma. The studies showcase high response rates with novel combination therapies and a new understanding of how an enzyme affects infertility and cancer progression.
Researchers find potential one-two punch against triple-negative breast cancer
A study published in Cell Reports Medicine found that inhibiting RNase H2 can cause significant damage to DNA and activate the innate immune system to produce signals that attract T cells to attack the tumor. This approach could lead to improved patient outcomes for patients with triple-negative breast cancer.
Imaging tool reveals novel insights into DNA replication stress response
Researchers developed RF-SIRF, a quantitative method to detect and map reversed DNA replication forks with single-cell resolution. The study identified unique epigenetic codes for DNA replication stress that can be further examined to understand genomic stability, aging, and treatment response.
Discovery of a hidden mechanism in DNA damage: Singlet oxygen generates abasic sites
Researchers at Tohoku University discovered a hidden mechanism in DNA damage caused by singlet oxygen generating abasic sites. This process is common and represents one of the main forms of DNA damage, alongside guanine-related types.
A new view of aging: How the immune system rewrites rapid aging
Researchers identified the misdirected immune response as a central driver of tissue degeneration in severe, rapid-aging disorders. By reducing this false alarm, they restored function across multiple biological systems, suggesting the body can cope with more DNA damage than assumed if inflammation is kept in check.
Researchers identify blood-based biomarker for cancer risk in people with Lynch Syndrome
A new blood-based biomarker has been discovered to help identify individuals at higher risk of developing cancer in people with Lynch Syndrome. The biomarker uses immune signatures detected in blood samples to provide unique characteristics that can detect cancer risk, allowing for early detection and personalized surveillance.
URochester researchers awarded up to $22M to study a hidden driver of aging
The project aims to test whether reducing chronic inflammation triggered by DNA can help older adults stay healthier. The research focuses on retrotransposons, which become increasingly active with age, leading to tissue decline.
A broken DNA repair tool accelerates aging
A Goethe University-led study reveals how mutations in the SPRTN enzyme cause chronic inflammation and premature ageing. The research team found that damaged DNA in the cell nucleus leaks into the cytoplasm, activating defense mechanisms and leading to chronic inflammation.
Eye for trouble: Automated counting for chromosome issues under the microscope
A machine-learning-based algorithm developed by Tokyo Metropolitan University researchers can accurately count sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) in chromosomes, giving a more objective measurement. The accuracy rate is 84%, which could help diagnose disorders like Bloom syndrome with greater consistency.
Cracking the evolutionary code of sleep
A Bar-Ilan University study uncovers the origin of sleep in jellyfish and sea anemones, demonstrating that protecting neurons from DNA damage is a basic function of sleep. The research shows that both species accumulate DNA damage during wakefulness and reduce it during sleep, with increased damage triggering recovery sleep.
A RNA-based molecule enhances therapies against pancreatic cancer
Researchers at IIT identified a candidate molecule called Apt1 that enhances existing anticancer therapies by making tumour cells more vulnerable to chemotherapy drugs. The molecule slows DNA repair and impairs the interaction between RAD51 and BRCA2 proteins, inducing synthetic lethality in cancerous cells.
Alcohol causes cancer. A study from IOCB Prague confirms damage to DNA and shows how cells defend against it
Researchers found that alcohol causes DNA damage, which can lead to cancer, and discovered a repair mechanism using the SXE enzyme complex. Individuals with genetic mutations affecting DNA repair may be more susceptible to alcohol-related cancers.
New FAU research strengthens evidence linking alcohol use to cancer
Research from Florida Atlantic University strengthens evidence that alcohol consumption increases cancer risk, particularly for breast, colorectal, and liver cancers. Higher intake and specific groups, such as African Americans and those with obesity or diabetes, are found to be more vulnerable to the risks.
CDT1 overexpression suppresses DNA replication and induces DNA damage, suggesting a mechanism for cancer development
Researchers discover that CDT1 overexpression suppresses DNA replication and induces DNA damage, potentially leading to genetic mutations and cancer. The study provides molecular insights into the role of CDT1 in cancer development.
Scientists uncover a new role for DNA loops in repairing genetic damage
Researchers found that DNA loops facilitate homologous recombination, a key DNA repair process linked to cancer. These loops enable the repair machinery to scan for an intact copy of the damaged region more efficiently.
New type of DNA damage found in our cells’ powerhouses
A new type of DNA damage, glutathionylated DNA adducts, accumulates at high levels in mitochondrial DNA, affecting energy production and stress response. The discovery sheds light on how cells sense and respond to stress, with potential implications for diseases like cancer and diabetes.
New DNA analysis approach could transform understanding of disease evolution
Researchers developed a new DNA analysis technique to study old genetic samples, shedding light on disease evolution and changes in biology over time. The approach has potential for unlocking the root causes underlying shifting landscapes of modern diseases.
CNIO researchers create the “human repairome”, a catalogue of DNA “scars” that will help define personalized cancer treatments
Researchers at CNIO have created a 'human repairome', a catalogue of 20,000 DNA 'scars' that reveal how genes affect DNA repair. This information can help determine the best treatment for each cancer type and overcome resistance to therapy.
Healthy telomeres key for cancer-fighting t cells
Research by University of Pittsburgh scientists discovered that damaging telomeres can lead to dysfunctional T cell function. To combat this, they developed a targeted antioxidant approach that rescued T cell function, opening the door for novel therapies in cancer immunotherapies.
Association of exposure to primary aromatic amines with health risks in China
A nationwide biomonitoring study in China detected 25 primary aromatic amines with varying levels of exposure among residents. High concentrations were observed in smokers, non-adults, and industrialized cities, with correlations to oxidative DNA damage.
New study uncovers how DNA damage can lead to Motor Neurone Disease
Researchers found that mutations in the CFAP410 gene change its interaction with another protein, making motor neuron cells more vulnerable to DNA damage and cell death. This discovery provides new insights into the mechanisms underlying Motor Neurone Disease and highlights potential targets for new therapies.
Under or over? The twists and turns of genetic research
Scientists have developed a new method to visualize and analyze the complex shapes of DNA molecules using atomic force microscopy. This breakthrough enables researchers to study the tangled structures of DNA in cells, which can lead to insights into diseases such as cancer and neurodegeneration.
How DNA packaging controls the “genome’s guardian”
Scientists have found that nucleosomes act as gatekeepers for p53's molecular partners, controlling its access to the genetic code. This discovery reveals a new layer of regulation over p53's activity and opens possibilities for developing cancer therapies that restore or control p53 function.
Chemical shield stops stressed DNA from triggering disease
Researchers developed a chemical probe that binds to damaged mitochondrial DNA, blocking enzymatic processes that lead to its degradation. This approach lessens mtDNA loss, preserving energy production in vulnerable tissues. The new molecule successfully reduced inflammation and maintained functional DNA despite chemical tagging.
New protein targets for cancer treatments
Scientists at UNIGE have identified MLF2 and RBM15 as key proteins regulating chromatin remodelling, which can go awry leading to cancers and neurological disorders. These two proteins could become promising therapeutic targets for diseases linked to disrupted chromatin remodelling.
CHEK2 identified as a potential target to improve immunotherapy in solid tumors
A new review identifies CHEK2 as a potential biomarker for predicting response to immunotherapy and suggests that combining CHEK2 inhibitors with existing therapies may enhance anti-tumor effects. This could lead to improved treatment outcomes in solid tumors.
MD Anderson Research Highlights for June 11, 2025
Researchers at MD Anderson have made significant progress in treating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by combining chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery. They found that pre-surgical combination therapy showed promising results, with high rates of pathological complete response and major pathological response.
Cigarette smoke and DNA repair deficiency drive lung cancer development
Researchers found that cigarette smoke and reduced DNA repair capacity combine to increase cancer risk, with normal lung cells showing extensive damage after smoke exposure. The study's findings support a 'double hit' model, highlighting the critical role of XPC protein in preventing DNA damage.
Blocking PRDX1 protein may improve chemotherapy response in ovarian cancer
Researchers discovered that blocking PRDX1 protein can make ovarian cancer cells more responsive to DNA-damaging platinum therapies. The study suggests targeting PRDX1 could be a viable strategy to improve chemotherapy efficacy.
Live view: Stress-induced changes in generations of cancer cells
A study at the University of Zurich tracks live cellular development and epigenetic changes over multiple generations, showing how stress induces heterogeneity and increases genetic complexity. This research may lead to better understanding of cancer cell diversity and develop more effective therapies.
Aging and DNA damage: investigating the microbiome’s stealthy impact – a perspective
The microbiome plays a critical role in aging, with dysbiosis accelerating immune decline and systemic diseases. Targeting the microbiome with therapeutic interventions may offer a potent means of extending healthspan.
“Cutting to survive”: how cells remove DNA bridges at the last moment
Researchers have elucidated the molecular mechanism by which LEM-3 cuts DNA bridges during cytokinesis, a crucial step in cell division. The study found that LEM-3 is essential for resolving persistent DNA bridges and maintaining chromosomal stability.
Revealing new clues to curb DNA damage
Researchers at University of Seville have discovered patulin and xestoquinol as inhibitors of DNA topoisomerase 1, a key enzyme in DNA metabolism. These natural compounds may provide a new class of anticancer drugs by preventing DNA cuts from being ligated.
Light bulb moment for understanding DNA repair switches
Scientists at the University of Birmingham have made strides in understanding how cells repair DNA damage. Two studies identify key players and mechanisms involved in preventing excessive DNA signal overload, which could lead to refinements in future cancer therapies.
Anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity: emerging mechanisms and therapies
Novel biomarkers like miRNA-34a link anthracyclines to cardiotoxicity, while stem cell therapy and nanotechnology offer potential for prevention and treatment. Traditional strategies have limitations, but new approaches hold hope for improved patient outcomes.
Newfound role for cancer gene could improve key drug class
A new study led by NYU Langone Health scientists sheds light on how the major cancer gene BRCA2 determines which cancer cells can be killed by a class of precision cancer drugs called PARP inhibitors. Intact BRCA2 functions as a molecular shield, preventing PARP1 from disrupting DNA repair complexes, and its activity dictates PARP inhi...
Cellular circuit controls how DNA damage is repaired, affecting risk of disease as we age
Senescent cells can cause chronic inflammation through the secretion of inflammatory molecules, leading to age-related diseases. The study found that a cellular circuit controlling DNA repair can suppress this inflammation, offering potential ways to promote healthier aging.
The secret DNA circles fueling pancreatic cancer’s aggression
Researchers found that pancreatic cancer cells gain a survival edge by carrying copies of critical cancer genes on circular pieces of DNA outside chromosomes. The discovery highlights the importance of targeting extrachromosomal DNA in treating the disease.
How environmental exposures affect genes and increase cancer risk
Genetic changes triggered by environmental factors like pollution, diet, and stress can increase cancer risk. Nearly everyone is exposed to cancer risk factors daily, highlighting the need for public awareness and policy action to reduce exposure.
Research by UMass Chan scientists upends scientific understanding of how anticancer drugs kill cancer
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism of how anticancer drugs attack and destroy BRCA mutant cancer cells, including drug-resistant breast cancer cells. The study found that small DNA nicks can expand into large single-stranded DNA gaps, leading to cell death.
How the DNA’s environment shapes smoking-related cancer risk
The study reveals that certain DNA regions are more prone to damage but also better repaired by cells. Transcription factors can either help or harm DNA, highlighting the importance of efficient repair in determining mutation formation.
Discovering a clue to what causes reproductive complications
A recent study found that autophagy, a natural defense mechanism in cells, is less efficient in female eggs with moderate or severe DNA damage. Boosting autophagy can improve egg quality and reduce the risk of miscarriage and birth defects. The study's findings offer new directions for improving reproductive health.
Disrupted recycling of proteins found to damage heart health
A new study identified USP5 as an enzyme crucial for breaking down unneeded or damaged proteins in the heart. Low levels of USP5 lead to protein buildup, triggering dilated cardiomyopathy in animal models. Increasing USP5 levels helps clear protein 'junk', improving heart function and reducing disease progression.
Most complex model of molecular 'wear-and-tear' to date shines light on how proteins age
Researchers at King's College London have developed a complex model of molecular 'wear-and-tear' that sheds light on how proteins age. The study found that chromatin, the DNA-protein mix, is more resilient to aging than previously thought, suggesting new avenues for anti-aging treatments.
Study shows potential of resveratrol to aid fertility
A systematic review of 24 studies suggests resveratrol can enhance the quantity and quality of egg cells, called oocytes. The compound may also treat infertility related to endometriosis and obesity.
Neuron special issue explores the science of aging
The Neuron special issue sheds light on the science of aging, focusing on how age-related changes impact the brain's ability to clear waste and transport energy. The collection also explores the link between the immune system and brain health.
Mesenchymal cell vesicles target chondrocyte aging in osteoarthritis
The study, published in Aging, introduces a new therapy for osteoarthritis that uses extracellular vesicles derived from fat tissue to repair damage caused by aging cells. The treatment showed strong therapeutic effects in both cellular and mouse preclinical studies, reducing inflammation and DNA damage markers in human joint cells.
CRISPR-Cas technology: Balancing efficiency and safety
Researchers have discovered a major setback in the use of AZD7648 to promote precise gene editing, which causes massive genetic changes and genome instability. Despite this, scientists remain optimistic about advancing CRISPR-Cas technology to treat diseases.
UC Irvine-co-led study finds DNA damage is key factor in age-related macular degeneration
A UCI-co-led study found that accumulated DNA damage in the retina contributes to AMD. Targeting specific retinal cell types could lead to treatments that slow or stop progression.
Giving coral reefs a fighting chance for survival
Recent research published in Nature Climate Change highlights the importance of coral reef restoration in responding to smaller-scale disturbances. Leading experts emphasize the need for tailored approaches, incorporating resilience-oriented frameworks to ensure long-term success.
Cannabis use can cause chromosomal damage, increasing cancer risk and harming offspring
A new study in Addiction Biology suggests that cannabis use can cause chromosomal damage, leading to increased cancer risk and birth defects. This genotoxicity may be transmitted to offspring via damaged sperm or eggs.
Scientists discover how specific E. coli bacteria drive colon cancer
Researchers have found that specific E. coli bacteria in the gut promote colon cancer by binding to intestinal cells and releasing a DNA-damaging toxin called colibactin. This binding is made possible by bacterial pili and adhesins, which can be targeted to prevent tumor development.
Radioprotective effects of licochalcone B: DNA protection, cytokine inhibition, and antioxidant boost
This study explores the radioprotective effects of Licochalcone B on radiation-induced cell damage and mortality in mice. Lico B significantly improves antioxidant levels, reduces DNA damage, and lowers inflammatory factors.
Could a new medical approach fix faulty genes before birth?
A new study in mice shows a unique mRNA delivery method can successfully edit faulty genes in fetal brain cells. The technology has the potential to stop progression of genetic-based neurodevelopmental conditions like Angelman syndrome and Rett syndrome before birth.
Plastic chemical causes causes DNA breakage and chromosome defects in sex cells
A new study reveals that benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) causes oxidative stress and DNA strand breaks, leading to cell death and abnormal chromosomes in egg cells. The research suggests that BBP exposure can lead to lower quality egg cells with compromised genomic integrity.
Research reveals why some cancers are resistant to therapeutic drugs
Polyploidy, a state with extra genetic material, allows cancer cells to survive longer under DNA damage. This phenomenon explains why some cancers are resistant to anti-cancer drug treatments.