Articles tagged with Genetic Disorders
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Researchers discovered a new class of common variable immunodeficiency disorder (CVID) caused by IKAROS gene mutations, enabling definitive genetic diagnosis and potential personalized treatment. The study found six unrelated families sharing similar symptoms and changes in the same gene, highlighting the need for early intervention.
A new Scripps Research Institute study has identified specific genetic variations associated with increased susceptibility to bipolar disorder and other conditions. The research focuses on a gene called PDE10A, which produces proteins that regulate intracellular levels of cAMP, influencing biological processes like learning and memory.
Researchers found that deleting the huntingtin gene in adult mice does not lead to lethal consequences, offering hope for treatment strategies involving gene silencing. The study suggests that gene suppression or editing strategies may be safe for adults, but further research is needed to understand the long-term effects.
Patients with rare disorders are sharing health information through the MyGene2 web tool, which helps researchers and clinicians identify genetic causes. The tool improves diagnosis and treatment options by connecting patients with similar profiles and providing a platform for data analysis.
Gene therapy has made significant progress in treating X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID-X1), with hematopoietic stem cells showing promise for a cure. However, ongoing challenges include improving safety and achieving long-term immune reconstitution, highlighting the need for continued research and development.
Researchers discovered that Kurly protein is required for proper cilia movement and orientation, crucial for fluid flow and organ development. The study highlights the importance of Kurly in understanding human diseases such as polycystic kidney disease and left-right patterning disorders.
Researchers identified 27 genes in brain stem cells prone to DNA damage, which could promote disease but also benefit brain diversity. The fragility of these genes may lead to mutations or deletions in cancers and neuropsychiatric disorders.
Researchers from Kumamoto University have identified the protein p53, which plays a crucial role in slowing down the progression of Alport syndrome. The study suggests that recovering the function of the p53 gene could help inhibit symptom progression and develop new treatment strategies for genetic diseases.
The LouLou Foundation and Penn Medicine's Orphan Disease Center have established a Program of Excellence to tackle the severe neurodevelopmental impairment and seizures caused by CDKL5. The program aims to develop effective treatments through collaboration with academic labs, companies, and biopharma industry.
Researchers have discovered a molecular link between psychiatric disorders and type 2 diabetes, with the DISC1 gene playing a critical role in pancreatic beta cell function. The study found that disrupting the DISC1 gene led to increased beta cell death, impaired glucose regulation, and reduced insulin secretion.
Researchers discovered that gene versions of C4 trigger runaway synaptic pruning during adolescence, leading to fewer brain connections and higher risk of developing schizophrenia. This finding offers a new potential target for interventions and treatments.
The University of Exeter Medical School has received a £1 million donation from the Dennis and Mireille Gillings Foundation to expand its research on genetic disorders. The gift will support new staff and fund innovative diagnostic testing, improving patient care in the NHS.
A gene linked to mental disorders helps lay the foundation for a crucial brain structure during prenatal development. Mutations in this gene can lead to severe depletion of neurons in the cortex, compromising its ability to communicate with other brain areas.
A study found that most patients with genetic variations linked to cardiac disorders did not show symptoms or signs of the conditions. The researchers suggest that some variants may have low penetrance or cause subclinical disease, raising questions about the validity of returning incidental genetic findings to patients.
Researchers have developed a CRISPR-Cas9 gene editing system to treat Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), a debilitating genetic disease. By deleting exon 23 and restoring dystrophin protein levels, the therapy improved muscle function in mice with DMD, including cardiac and pulmonary health.
Researchers discovered brief opportunities for recovery from chronic stress by altering gene expression, enabling neural circuitry changes. The brain retains the ability to change and adapt, even under repeated stress.
A recent study has identified the Shank3 gene as a key contributor to both autism and schizophrenia. The researchers found that two different mutations of the gene produce distinct molecular and behavioral effects in mice, shedding light on how a single gene can play a role in multiple diseases.
Researchers at Boston University School of Medicine have identified a gene, Hnrnph1, that is casually associated with the behavioral response to methamphetamine. This finding may have implications for understanding the genetic basis of methamphetamine addiction and developing novel therapeutics.
A recent study found that delay discounting, the tendency to choose smaller rewards now rather than larger ones later, is strongly influenced by genetics. As individuals age, their ability to wait for larger delayed rewards improves. The study suggests that genes related to serotonin synthesis and binding may play a role in impulsivity.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have discovered that the existing compound KD3010 offers hope for slowing Huntington's disease and its symptoms. The study found that KD3010 improved motor function, reduced neurodegeneration, and increased survival in a mouse model of HD.
A new study has identified numerous genetic mutations associated with both congenital heart disease and neurodevelopmental disorders. The analysis revealed a high burden of damaging de novo mutations in genes highly expressed during heart development, suggesting a link between heart and brain development.
Researchers identified genetic risk factors for a deadly hyperinflammatory disorder triggered by viral infections in susceptible individuals. The study found that people with certain gene mutations may be prone to the disorder, known as reactive HLH or hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
A new study by Berkeley Lab researchers has identified genetic factors that influence motor performance and body weight in a genetically diverse group of mice. The findings show significant overlaps with genes related to neurological disorders and obesity in humans, providing a new framework for studying these connections.
A new study has identified four previously uncharacterized genetic disorders in children, using a computational approach to analyze DNA samples from over 4,000 families across the UK and Republic of Ireland. The researchers compared these samples with data from millions of people who have agreed to share their genetic information.
A University of Chicago team aims to establish a new system of diagnosis for psychotic diseases using biomarkers, which may guide the development of novel therapies. The Bipolar-Schizophrenia Network on Intermediate Phenotypes will recruit additional study participants over five years.
A new gene therapy approach delivers the ITGA7 gene to mice with Duchenne muscular dystrophy, reducing symptoms and extending life span by over 10 weeks. The method overcomes previous immunological issues, making it a promising novel treatment for DMD.
Researchers at Children's Mercy Kansas City have achieved a 26-hour turnaround time for rapid whole-genome sequencing and genetic diagnosis in critically-ill infants, known as STAT-Seq. This technology can identify mutations associated with approximately 5,300 known genetic diseases.
Researchers found that a gene linked to PTSD severity predicts increased symptoms and thinner brain cortex in veterans returning from conflict. The study suggests a possible genetic blood test to identify at-risk individuals.
Researchers aim to better understand the genomic basis of diseases and tailor medical care to individual patients based on their unique genetic profiles. The NIH-funded projects will explore the potential medical effects of rare genomic variants in various genes and implement these findings in clinical settings.
Scientists have successfully used gene therapy to fully restore vision in a mouse model of Leber congenital amaurosis-1, a genetic disorder causing severe visual impairment. The treatment, which replaced the deficient retGC1 protein, showed long-lasting results and supports clinical testing for human patients.
A team of international researchers led by Massachusetts General Hospital has identified the DCHS1 gene as the cause of the common form of mitral valve prolapse, a heart valve disorder that affects nearly 2.5 percent of the population. The study reveals that mutations in this gene lead to defects in the formation of the mitral valve.
Researchers identified two new genes, RAD51 and UBE2T, linked to Fanconi anemia, a rare genetic disorder. The study sheds light on the critical DNA repair pathway and its role in preventing cancer, maintaining tissues, and fertility.
Researchers successfully deliver an RNA encoding alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) into cells, enabling them to produce highly functional AAT. This approach offers a safe and cost-effective solution for treating single gene disorders like AAT deficiency.
Researchers discovered over 100 DNA segments, known as enhancers, that play a vital role in normal development by controlling gene activity in the human brain. The study provides new insights into the genetic basis of autism and related neurological disorders.
A novel disease gene SLC25A46 has been identified as a cause of neurodegenerative conditions, including optic atrophy and Charcot-Marie-Tooth Type 2. The study reveals that mutations in this gene disrupt mitochondrial dynamics, leading to improper localization and increased interconnectedness.
A new spectrum disorder called ALPIM syndrome has been identified by researchers, which links anxiety to physical disorders. The study found a high correlation between panic disorder and four domains of physical illness, including joint laxity, fibromyalgia, and immune disorders.
Kay E. Davies has made significant contributions to understanding Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, a genetic disorder that causes rapid muscle weakness. Her research has led to the development of dystrophin minigenes and utrophin-based treatments, offering hope for all DMD patients.
Researchers have pinpointed the genetic cause of a rare form of blindness, which can present itself as a key-hole shaped defect in the eye. The miR-204 gene mutation has been linked to inherited retinal dystrophy associated with ocular coloboma.
Researchers at University of California, San Diego School of Medicine have identified a biological marker for mental illness in female patients. The study found that specific genes, including XIST, are over-produced in women with mental illnesses like bipolar disorder, major depression, and schizophrenia.
Researchers discovered that mutations in the AIRE gene can cause a milder form of Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1, affecting fewer organs and appearing later in life. This finding suggests that dominant AIRE-mutation autoimmune disease may be responsible for various autoimmune syndromes.
A Swedish study estimates the heritability of tic disorders at approximately 77%, suggesting a strong familial component. The study also reveals that risks are higher for full siblings, parents, and children of individuals with Tourette syndrome or chronic tic disorder.
Researchers found that mutations in one copy of the AIRE gene can cause symptoms of a rare autoimmune disorder, paving the way for specific diagnostic and treatment strategies. Dominant AIRE mutations are also more common than previously thought, occurring in at least 1 in 1,000 individuals.
A new study finds that genetic risk scores for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are higher in creative individuals, suggesting a shared genetic root with creativity. This association could provide new clues about the underlying biological pathways of psychiatric disorders.
A new study led by Dr. Jinbo Bi at the University of Connecticut School of Engineering aims to find the genetic causes of specific symptoms of substance addiction. The study will use a database of over 11,000 subjects and develop new statistical tools to classify substance dependence more effectively.
Researchers discover that genetic mutations disrupt a delicate balance of excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain, contributing to schizophrenia. The study finds strong evidence for the role of copy number variants in disrupting this balance, with potential implications for developing new treatments.
A study identified a previously unknown gene mutation underlying achromatopsia, an inherited eye disorder that causes severe color blindness and visual impairment. The ATF6 gene mutation damages proteins necessary for proper function of the cone photoreceptors, leading to significant vision loss.
A new study by GW researcher Valerie Hu found significant sex-dependent differences in brain RORA protein levels, with males having lower baseline levels and stronger correlations with genes regulated by RORA. The findings suggest that RORA deficiency may contribute to the known male bias in autism susceptibility.
Researchers used zebrafish to study the impact of dysregulation of SYNGAP1 and SHANK3 genes on brain development and behavior. The study found that disrupting these genes leads to hyper-excitable behaviors, delayed development, and changes in brain structure.
Genetic markers have been identified for large offspring syndrome (LOS) in cattle, a condition that can cause physical abnormalities and fatalities in newborn calves. This discovery may lead to safer assisted reproduction procedures by allowing breeders to avoid genetically predisposed embryos.
A study at Children's Mercy Hospital demonstrates the potential of rapid whole-genome sequencing in diagnosing genetic diseases in critically ill infants. The STAT-Seq test improved diagnosis rates to over half, leading to refined clinical care and improved treatment outcomes.
Researchers discovered a gene candidate that plays a key role in autoimmune diseases such as type 1 diabetes and rheumatoid arthritis. The study found a robust association between the CLEC16A gene region and common variable immunodeficiency disorder.
Recent breakthroughs in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) research focus on precision medicine approaches, leveraging genetic technologies to identify risk genes and develop personalized therapies. Neuroimaging studies are also helping understand brain structure and function across the lifespan.
Researchers analyzed genomic data from 16,000 individuals to understand the impact of mutations in two genes associated with a blood disorder. They found that about 1.3% carry a mutation in at least one gene, and algorithms predicted varying levels of harm from these mutations.
Researchers found that mice lacking the estrogen-related receptor alpha gene exhibit abnormal behaviors related to eating and social interactions. The study identifies ESRRA as a key gene contributing to the risk of anorexia nervosa, with implications for treating the disorder.
A University of Colorado Cancer Center study found a heritable genetic cause of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), similar to the BRCA mutation that affects breast and ovarian cancer risk. The ETV6 gene mutation is present at birth and increases the development of ALL, with the potential for future strategies to prevent the disease.
A study led by Drs. Kelleher and Shen discovered that presenilin-1 mutations decrease gamma-secretase activity, leading to age-dependent death of neurons and neurodegeneration. The findings may transform the way scientists design drugs for inherited Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that mutations in MECP2 lead to increased expression of long genes, which are often greater than 100,000 nucleotides in length. This overexpression may be a distinctive signature of Rett Syndrome and related disorders.
Breeding dogs solely based on DNA tests can increase inbreeding and reduce genetic diversity, experts warn. A combined approach of DNA analysis, health screening, and pedigree information is necessary to minimize inherited diseases and improve the health of pedigree lines.
A UK twin study found that genetics account for up to 95% of the risk of developing autism spectrum disorder, with moderate environmental influences also playing a role. The study's results provide new insights into the complex causes of autism and may help inform future treatments.
Biomedical ethicists review current arguments on disclosing genetic information of the deceased and offer suggestions for developing policies. They propose passive postmortem disclosure policies, where access to genetic info is provided at family members' request under certain circumstances.