Articles tagged with Human Dna Sequencing
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New study finds that modern Japanese populations have a tripartite genetic origin, with contributions from Jomon hunter-gatherers, Yayoi farmers, and Kofun peoples. The analysis reveals a complex history of population dynamics, including assimilation rather than replacement during the agricultural transition.
A recent study has identified nearly half of the fastest-evolving human genes as playing a crucial role in rewriting the course of human brain development. The research used an innovative approach called CaptureMPRA to analyze the function of Human Accelerated Regions (HARs) in regulating gene expression in the brain.
A genetic analysis of humans and rhesus macaques identified the NPSR1 gene as a risk factor for endometriosis. The study found that rare variants in this gene are associated with stage III/IV disease, leading to potential nonhormonal treatment targets for improved therapy.
Researchers reconstructed genetic histories and social organization in two ancient Croatian sites, uncovering a diverse population with little biological kinship. The study found that individuals from different burial rites had similar genetic ancestry, but also identified endogamous mating practices and patrilocal social organization.
A machine learning analysis has identified 50 genes strongly associated with neurological aging in both Drosophila fruit flies and humans. The study suggests that fruit flies could be used as a model organism to further investigate aging-related processes.
The full assembly of human chromosome 8 has been completed, revealing novel genes and potential disease risks. The sequence fills in gaps missing from the current reference genome and provides new insights into immune disorders, brain development, and heart defects.
A new selective DNA sequencing method called ReadFish enables rapid analysis of human genomes, potentially leading to faster diagnosis of genetic conditions. This breakthrough could have major implications for understanding and treating diseases such as cancer.
Researchers reconstructed the ancestral great ape Y chromosome, showing rapid evolution in bonobo and chimpanzee. The study found accelerated rates of DNA sequence change and gene loss, suggesting mating habits may have driven this evolution.
Researchers at University of California San Diego use artificial intelligence to identify a DNA activation code called the downstream core promoter region (DPR) that's used as frequently as the TATA box in humans. The discovery could be used to control gene activation in biotechnology and biomedical applications.
Scientists discovered that transposable elements influence human brain development by partnering with two specialized proteins known as Krép-el-associated box-containing zinc finger proteins. These partnerships regulate gene expression in neurons and influence the development and function of adult organs.
Scientists have discovered over 120,000 novel human genetic variations affecting immune response, disease susceptibility, and digestion in diverse worldwide populations. These variations were inherited from Denisovan ancestors and include medically-important genes that can affect treatment efficacy.
A new study provides the first in-depth look at the human sperm microbiome using RNA sequencing. The researchers found that non-targeted sequencing of human sperm RNA can identify micro-organisms such as bacteria and viruses, offering a potential diagnostic tool for microbial status and fertility assessment.
The study reveals that repeated genomic regions expanded during human evolution and associate with differential gene expression in human and chimpanzee brain cell types. Expanded tandem repeats may hold clues to mechanisms driving their expansion and potential roles in human development.
A new study demonstrates DNA metabarcoding can amplify and sequence plant DNA from human stool, tracking dietary intake with high accuracy. The method has potential for characterizing animal and fungal components of human diets, offering a promising alternative to traditional assessment techniques.
The University of California, Santa Cruz, will lead a new Human Pangenome Reference Sequence Project funded by the NIH. The project aims to generate and maintain a completely new and comprehensive reference sequence of the human genome, vastly improving current representation of human diversity and genetic variation.
A new assay uses cell-free DNA to identify viruses and bacteria in the human body while also quantifying injuries to organs. This test is simple, fast, low-cost, and generalizable enough to identify thousands of pathogens, making it a major step towards personalizing therapy and making organ transplantation safer.
A human infective nematode has been identified in canine carriers for the first time in remote northern Australia. The study suggests that dogs may represent a potential reservoir of human strongyloidiasis in these communities.
Researchers developed a process to release multiple active ingredients in sequence under conditions similar to the human body, using hydrogels and artificial DNA. The particles are released one by one, with each stage triggered by the previous release.
A team of microbiologists and pulmonologists at the University of Pennsylvania have identified a previously unknown viral family, Redondoviridae, which is the second-most common DNA virus in human lung and mouth specimens. The virus is associated with severe critical illness and gum disease, respectively.
Researchers identified specific variations in human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes associated with increased or decreased risk of Parkinson's disease. A history of cigarette smoking modified these associations, suggesting a possible explanation for the apparent protective effect of smoking on PD.
Genomic analysis reveals no evidence of archaic human DNA in Flores pygmy genomes, contradicting expectations of gene flow from Homo floresiensis. Instead, the population's short stature is attributed to natural selection on pre-existing genetic variation.
Researchers isolated ancient viral sequences from human remains and found a common pathogen associated with humans for over 6,900 years. The study reveals the pathogen evolved significantly slower than previously thought, showcasing the utility of ancient viral sequences in studying virus evolution.
A study found that smoking and obesity individually increase the risk of periodontitis, with their effects being multiplicative. The research discovered unique bacterial patterns in obese smokers and non-smokers, highlighting the need for precision dentistry incorporating multiple metrics.
The study of five late Neandertals' genomes provides evidence for a turnover in the Neandertal population towards the end of their history. The genomes also show that Neandertals were more similar to modern humans outside Africa than an older Neandertal from Siberia.
Researchers studied 15,000-year-old human DNA from Morocco's Iberomaurusian culture, finding no European ancestry. Instead, they identified genetic ties to ancient Near Easterners and sub-Saharan Africans, suggesting a pre-agricultural connection between the regions.
Researchers developed a method to quickly and accurately identify people and cell lines from their DNA. The technology can flag mislabeled or contaminated cell lines in cancer experiments, potentially speeding up the discovery of new treatments.
The FANTOM5 project has created an extensive atlas of microRNA expression in human primary cells, providing insights into the intricate regulatory network governing cellular function and behavior. The atlas reveals thousands of new genomic loci producing short RNAs, which may constitute a novel class of regulatory short RNAs.
A new study published in Nature reveals that the Zika virus outbreak in Florida was not a single introduction but rather at least four separate introductions that led to local chains of transmission. The research found that most Florida introductions are linked to the Caribbean, and mosquito control efforts helped limit the spread of t...
Researchers have discovered a critical DNA sequence code, known as the human Initiator, that regulates over half of all human genes. This breakthrough provides insight into gene regulation and may lead to new discoveries in understanding how human genes are turned on and off.
Researchers analyzed over 150 years of genetic data to gain insight into the genetic diversity of ataxias, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting movement and balance. The study sheds light on cellular pathways and protein networks in ataxia, potentially leading to new diagnostic and treatment options.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma and Arizona State University demonstrate that dental calculus can be used to recover high-quality genetic information from ancient humans. The study uses advanced sequencing technologies to extract DNA from six individuals, providing new insights into Native American archaeology.
A new method called TruSPADES generates Synthetic Long Reads to assemble metagenomes with improved accuracy and efficiency. This innovation enables researchers to sequence the DNA of organisms that can't be cultured in the lab, such as microbes living in the human gut or bacteria in ocean depths.
Researchers at UT Austin found a surprising link between cross-shaped DNA structures and human cancer, with small cruciforms enabling mutations that increase cancer risk. High-performance computing helped identify hotspots of genetic instability in cancer genomes.
A new sequencing technology called Mseek provides a deeper understanding of how genes in mitochondria influence inherited diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. By accurately identifying heteroplasmy in mtDNA, researchers can better explain individual risks and potentially develop new therapeutic targets.
Jay Shendure received the 2014 HudsonAlpha Life Sciences Prize for his pioneering work on next-generation sequencing technologies. He completed a detailed DNA sequence of HeLa cells, the first immortal human cell line grown in a lab.
Researchers at Berkeley Lab identified thousands of enhancer sequences involved in craniofacial development, which regulate genes to fine-tune facial morphology. The study provides insights into the genetic drivers of normal craniofacial variation and may lead to better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for birth defects.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara develop new algorithm MSP that assembles genomes with extreme efficiency, reducing memory consumption by two-thirds. The new method enables faster and more efficient processing of large genomic datasets, paving the way for smaller, less expensive clusters to assemble large genomes.
A comparative genomics study led by Yale School of Medicine researchers has identified thousands of sequences controlling genes in the developing human limb. These regulatory sequences are active in humans but not in other primates or mice, suggesting they evolved since the human-monkey divergence.
Researchers discovered that a person's antibody genes, operation, and potential fight-off targets vary from person to person. This study found ethnicity influences immunity, potentially impacting disease risk and treatment responses.
Påebo is being honored with the prestigious award for his groundbreaking work on extracting DNA from ancient human remains and sequencing Neandertal's nuclear DNA. The prize recognizes his discovery that Neandertals contributed up to 4% of modern humans' genetic material.
A study of 15 African hunter-gatherer genomes reveals over 13 million DNA variations, shedding light on human adaptation to specific pathogens and environmental factors. The research also identifies candidate genes for short stature in Pygmies and ancient interbreeding between modern Africans and another hominin lineage.
Researchers at Georgia Tech discover that genomic gaps in human and chimp genes are caused by viral-like sequences, leading to differences in gene expression and morphology. The study suggests that 'junk DNA' may hold the key to understanding why humans differ from chimps.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki identified specific mutations in the MED12 gene as the cause of fibroid tumorigenesis in 70% of studied tumors. This discovery provides hope for targeted therapies and a deeper understanding of fibroid development.
Leroy Hood's automated DNA sequencer has enabled the rapid sequencing of DNA, transforming genomics and accelerating scientific discovery. The technology has led to numerous breakthroughs in disease research, personalized medicine, and pharmaceutical development.
A large-scale international project is analyzing the genomes of 2,500 people to understand human genetic variability and its impact on disease susceptibility. The pilot study has already revealed significant findings on human genome sequence variation.
The new exome array includes 282,363 target regions representing 240,402 exonic regions, splice sites, proximal promoter regions and microRNAs for comprehensive analysis. This development fills the gap of missing medically important genes in current exome capturing systems.
Scientists have discovered that movable sequences of DNA, known as L1 retrotransposons, are much more common than previously believed. This finding has significant implications for understanding the causes of genetic diseases.
Researchers at Institute for Systems Biology use Complete Genomics' service to sequence a family's genomes and identify genetic variations linked to Miller syndrome. The study confirms the involvement of two genes, DHODH and DNAH5, in causing the disorder, providing valuable insights into its causes.
Researchers overcome DNA contamination hurdle to analyze 30,000-year-old human DNA using modern sequencing techniques, providing insights into the evolution and prehistory of our species. The study allows scientists to directly glimpse into the genetic makeup of ancient humans who lived tens of thousands of years ago.
The company's proprietary platform enables efficient imaging with low reagent consumption, generating high-quality diploid base calls in up to 95% of the genomes sequenced. The approach identifies 3.2 million to 4.5 million sequence variants per genome processed.
Ophir Vermesh, a Caltech PhD chemistry student, has developed an innovative 'blood barcode chip' that promises to revolutionize diagnostic medical testing. The Integrated Blood Barcode Chip (IBBC) can analyze a large panel of blood-based protein biomarkers in just five minutes.
Researchers developed a topographical approach to explore DNA's three-dimensional structure to uncover functional non-coding regions in the human genome. The study found that 12% of the human genome is constrained by evolution, correlating with functional non-coding elements better than sequence analysis alone.
The company plans to sequence 1,000 genomes in 2009 and 20,000 in 2010, with a goal of analyzing 1 million genomes over the next five years. This will enable researchers to study disease pathways comprehensively and cost-effectively, driving personalized medicine forward.
Researchers discover a 546-base pair element, HACNS1, that enhances gene expression in human limbs and brain, contributing to uniquely human digit patterning. The study highlights the power of conserved noncoding sequences in regulating gene expression across species.
The National Human Genome Research Institute has awarded over $20 million in grants to develop innovative DNA sequencing technologies that can sequence a person's genome for $1,000 or less. The goal is to enable routine sequencing of genomes to advance scientific knowledge and healthcare.
The study found that 34% of polyadenylated transcripts mapped to non-annotated genomic regions, indicating a large number of novel gene candidates. Additionally, the researchers identified 94,241 splice junctions, with 4,096 novel variants, highlighting exon skipping as the most prevalent form of alternative splicing.
A team of researchers has cloned nearly all predicted human protein kinase genes in functional form, providing a valuable resource for studying kinase signaling networks. This achievement has significant implications for understanding the mechanisms of various cancers and identifying promising therapeutic targets.
The Human Proteinpedia portal integrates and shares human protein sequence data, facilitating comparisons and interpretations. It offers a standardized view of the proteome, allowing registered users to deposit, retrieve, and share validated data.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a method for sequencing DNA using nanopores, which could lead to a device that reads human genomes quickly and affordably. The technique produces an electrostatic fingerprint that can be used to read the genetic sequence, enabling precise diagnosis and tailored treatment procedures.
A recent study reveals that Neandertals shared key changes with modern humans in the FOXP2 gene, which plays a crucial role in speech and language. This finding suggests that Neandertals may have possessed some prerequisites for language, challenging previous estimates of when human language emerged.