Articles tagged with Plant Genomes
Researchers from UF and UT Austin analyzed DNA sequences to build a family tree for plants, revealing the five major lineages of flowering plants that exist today. The diversification is believed to have been sparked by various factors, including climate change and the emergence of new traits.
A new study reveals the evolutionary Tree of Life for flowering plants, with monocots and eudicots found to be more closely related than to other major lineages. The analysis of genomic data suggests a unique species called Amborella represents the earliest diverging lineage of flowering plants.
A study on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a tiny green alga, has found that it shares genes with both plants and animals, including humans. The research provides new insights into photosynthesis, flagellar movement, and human diseases related to ciliary dysfunction.
The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii genome provides insights into photosynthesis, flagella function and human diseases such as dyskinesia and polycystic kidney disease. The research has the potential to advance bioenergy and environmental restoration by removing carbon from the atmosphere and toxins from soil.
Researchers sequenced the genome of Chlamydomonas, a single-celled alga with traits from both animals and plants. The genome contains approximately 15,000 proteins and may have uses in basic bio-medical research, agricultural research, and understanding certain diseases.
A tiny green alga has uncovered hundreds of genes associated with carbon dioxide capture and generation of biomass. The genome also sheds light on the capabilities of related algae that can produce biodiesel and biocrude as alternatives to fossil fuels.
A study using a DNA microarray technology, Virochip, detected an unexpected number of viruses and viral subtypes in patients with respiratory tract infections. The technique identified new viruses associated with human diseases, including asthma exacerbations.
The Integrated Microbial Genomes (IMG) data management system has been upgraded to Version 2.3, featuring new microbial genomes from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Reference Sequence collection. The system now includes fungi, protists, and plant genomes, providing a broader comparative analysis platform.
Scientists identified molecular markers linked to two root-knot nematode resistance genes, enabling breeders to efficiently screen for resistant plants. This breakthrough allows for faster and cost-effective development of root-knot resistant soybean crops.
The DOE JGI has secured a five-year extension with an option for five more years, allowing expansion of its 80,000 sq ft facility in Walnut Creek. The new addition will feature administrative and informatics staff, as well as an education outreach laboratory.
The Cornell-led International Tomato Sequencing Project will sequence the tomato genome and create a comprehensive database of genomic sequences, enabling researchers to study crop development and domestication. The project, funded by $1.8 million from the NSF, aims to tie together maps and genomes of all plants in the Solanaceae family.
The scientists' achievement provides new avenues for diagnosing and treating this sexually transmitted disease, affecting an estimated 170 million people worldwide. The genome contains genes and proteins not found in humans, which can help expand drug options and devise a diagnostic test.
The genome sequences of P. ramorum and P. sojae could lead to strategies to combat these destructive plant pathogens. Phytophthora species cause significant losses in various crops, including soybeans, oak trees, and cocoa beans, resulting in hundreds of billions of dollars in economic damage annually.
The genome sequences of Phytophthora ramorum and Phytophthora sojae reveal a recent expansion and diversification of deadly genes, suggesting a benign photosynthetic ancestor. The sequences also indicate a rapidly evolving secretome involved in plant infection mechanisms.
The study reveals crucial aspects of SOD and soybean root rot diseases, including the ability of pathogens to evade plant defense responses and kill plant tissue. The genomic sequence data provides insights into the disease mechanisms and can be used to develop new detection systems and control methods
A team of researchers identified a unique genetic fingerprint in the pathogen responsible for potato blight, showing that genome plasticity plays a crucial role in its virulence. The study provides insight into how plant pathogens adapt to their environments by tailoring their genomes.
Scientists have developed a statistical method to test for natural selection at the single-gene level, using genomic data. They applied this method to the FRIGIDA (FRI) gene in Arabidopsis thaliana and found evidence of natural selection changing the behavior of the plants.
A new protocol allows for efficient transformation of strawberry plants using Agrobacterium's circular DNA molecule, enabling researchers to study the function of thousands of genes in this economically important crop. This breakthrough could lead to improved nutritional value and antioxidant content in strawberries.
The DOE Joint Genome Institute has made groundbreaking discoveries in genomics, including the sequencing of poplar trees, diatoms, and sulfate-reducing bacteria. These findings have far-reaching implications for clean energy, environmental remediation, and carbon management.
Researchers found that plants trigger the elimination of a genomic island in bacteria to prevent infection, but this process can also drive the evolution of more virulent strains. The study reveals a molecular mechanism for how plant defenses can lead to the emergence of new bacterial pathogens.
The National Science Foundation has awarded $19 million in grants to 36 US institutions to better understand genetic processes in plants of economic importance. Researchers will study hybrid vigor, seed production, and trees to develop new products and practices.
A genome study of the beneficial microbe Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf-5 has identified new chemical pathways that may help boost plant health and combat plant diseases. The research, published in Nature Biotechnology, reveals the potential for this microbe to produce new antibiotic compounds.
Researchers characterized bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pathovar campestris (Xcc) responsible for 'black rot' disease. The study identified 75 genes involved in its virulence, shedding light on the molecular mechanisms behind the disease.
An international team has determined the complete genetic blueprint of Dictyostelium discoideum, a simple social amoeba long used by researchers to gain insight into human diseases. The genome contains nearly twice as many protein coding genes as previously thought and provides a new tool for studying human disease.
The root-knot nematode causes more than half of $100 billion in annual crop and plant damage worldwide. Researchers will sequence its genome for a better understanding of its attack mechanisms.
The genomic map of Thalassiosira pseudonana reveals surprising insights into its nitrogen, fat, and silica usage, as well as an unusual urea cycle that may reduce its dependence on nitrogen. The research provides new understanding of the diatom's role in mediating global warming.
The JGI Community Sequencing Program (CSP) selects a diverse range of organisms, including moss, sponge, leech, and red tide algae, to advance knowledge on alternative energy production, bioremediation, and evolution. These projects will leverage JGI's powerful resources to sequence approximately 15 gigabases of genetic code.
The JGI has sequenced the genome of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, a basidiomycete fungus capable of degrading lignin and transforming xenobiotics. The availability of this genome will spur industrial and bioremediative uses for these organisms.
The sequencing of Ashbya's genome has shed light on the evolution of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and provided insight into fundamental features responsible for fungal disease. The fungus' compact genome contains 4,718 protein-coding genes, with over 90% similarity to yeast.
A $2 million sorghum genome grant is funding a project to train students from diverse backgrounds in genetic analysis and presentation. The goal is to attract more scientists from underrepresented groups to plant genomics research, promoting diversity in the field.
A team of scientists from the University of Wisconsin-Madison has made a breakthrough in resolving the evolutionary tree using new genomic-scale data. By analyzing eight yeast species, they found that combining more than 100 genes provides an unprecedented level of resolution, overcoming previous limitations.
A team led by UC Riverside geneticist Dr. Close will deliver advanced information and material resources for barley genomics, aiming to make the barley genome accessible to everyone. The four-year project focuses on accessing expressed genes in Triticeae genomes using reliable methods.
The UC Riverside-led study unveils the genome sequence of Neurospora, a model organism for understanding fungi's role in agriculture, medicine and the environment. The research reveals 10,000 predicted genes, with significant implications for developing new antibiotics and disease control strategies.
The sequencing of Chlamydomonas' chloroplast genome reveals its potential for improving crop tolerance to phosphates, reducing fertilizer use and environmental pollution. The algae may also be used as a source of renewable hydrogen and bioreactor for producing novel proteins.
Researchers at University of Georgia have developed a new method to sequence genomes, called Cot-based Cloning and Sequencing (CBCS), which reduces the number of clones required from 119 million to 15 million, saving $354 million in funding.
Cornell University researchers have discovered a gene, called SCR, that determines a plant's ability to accept or reject its own pollen. This gene is expressed in the anther and produces pollen with a specific label that distinguishes it from self-pollen.
Researchers have found a copper ion plays a crucial role in helping plants detect minuscule concentrations of ethylene, a hormone that triggers ripening and aging. The discovery confirms a long-standing hypothesis about protein receptors and their interaction with transition metals.
A new method using tiny Micro-Tom tomatoes enables scientists to identify and use commercially valuable genes in plants, cutting the time necessary for mutations by half. This allows for large-scale analysis of plant genomes and customization of fruits and vegetables.