Articles tagged with Antibodies
A study published in JAMA found that two doses of a COVID-19 vaccine provide some protection for people with solid organ transplants, but not enough to dispense with masks and physical distancing. Immunocompromised patients should continue to practice strict COVID-19 safety measures after vaccination.
Researchers discovered a new disease that prevents antibody formation, treating it with a bone marrow transplant from a sibling donor. The study found that the genetic mutation responsible for PU.MA affects B cell development and chromatin accessibility.
Researchers are exploring the potential of individual immunomes to provide unprecedented insight into health. By analyzing antibodies and T-cell receptors, scientists can identify patterns and develop a near-universal blood test. This could lead to targeted therapies for various conditions, revolutionizing personalized medicine.
A team of researchers at the University of Texas at Austin has discovered that most SARS-CoV-2 antibodies target areas outside the receptor-binding domain, neutralizing the virus in cell cultures. This finding provides a promising lead for designing next-generation vaccines against variants and future coronaviruses.
Researchers have identified how natural human antibodies can block malaria parasites from entering red blood cells, potentially indicating the development of new protective therapies. This discovery opens up new avenues for developing antibody-based therapies for malaria.
Australian researchers have identified neutralizing nanobodies that block the SARS-CoV-2 virus from entering cells, paving the way for alternative treatments. The discovery of a nanobody recognizing emerging global variants and original SARS virus suggests potential cross-protection against human coronaviruses.
A large-scale study found that people treated with infliximab had significantly lower antibody concentrations after a single dose of COVID-19 vaccine. However, the vaccine-triggered antibody responses rose significantly in those who had previously been infected with COVID-19 or received a second dose. The researchers recommend prioriti...
Researchers found that SARS-CoV-2 infection induces polyfunctional antibodies capable of neutralizing the virus and activating immune cells to destroy infected cells. Asymptomatic individuals also have these antibodies, but with slightly weaker responses.
A longitudinal study of over 3,000 young Marines found that past COVID-19 infection does not completely protect against reinfection. Young people with previous infection can still catch the virus and transmit it to others.
A new study found that a single dose of the Pfizer or Moderna mRNA vaccine can stimulate an immune response in people who have previously recovered from COVID-19. The vaccine's ability to generate antibodies and B cell responses was shown to be effective against the South African variant.
A new study from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine suggests that individuals who have recovered from COVID-19 may only need one vaccine dose to produce a sufficient antibody response. In contrast, those who have not had COVID-19 require two doses to achieve strong levels of immunity.
A team of scientists developed a machine learning method that optimizes antibody properties, identifying potential candidates for therapeutic use. The new approach increased the candidate pool from thousands to millions, leading to improved drug efficacy and stability.
Researchers developed a new fluorescent probe, CDgB, that can selectively target the cell membranes of B lymphocytes over T lymphocytes. The probe works by exploiting differences in membrane structures between B and T cells, particularly phospholipid composition and cholesterol content.
A recent study has linked Interleukin-33 to immunity against Sars-CoV-2. The researchers found that memory T cells and high levels of antibodies persisted in recovered patients, suggesting a strong immune response. This discovery could pave the way for better understanding of Sars-CoV-2 immunity and potential therapies.
Researchers discovered the first full structure of the Nucleocapsid protein, finding that antibody binding sites remain consistent across many coronaviruses, including recent COVID-19 variants.
A new study found that breastfeeding mothers who receive a COVID-19 vaccine can pass protective antibodies to their babies through breast milk, providing long-lasting immune protection. The research tracked antibody levels in breast milk over an extended period and confirms the potential immune benefit of breast-feeding infants after v...
Patients with kidney failure undergoing hemodialysis developed a positive antibody response after COVID-19 vaccination, but at lower levels than healthy individuals. The findings highlight the need to reconsider vaccination schedules for this patient group.
A study by Cedars-Sinai researchers found that individuals with prior COVID-19 infections who received a single dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine developed an antibody response similar to those without prior infection. The findings suggest that a single booster dose may be sufficient for previously infected individuals.
Researchers analyzed over 500 subjects and found that people who had COVID produced antibodies, making the tests predictive of prior infection. Rapid screens can predict infection with nearly the same precision as lab-conducted antibody tests.
A study by Scripps Research Institute found that experimental antibody therapies for neurodegenerative diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's may cause brain inflammation, potentially eroding their positive effects. The researchers used human brain cells to examine this effect, which was not seen in mouse studies.
A study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences has identified a synergy between ICOS ligand and interleukin-10 that promotes mutualism with the gut microbiota. The research found that mice deficient in ICOSL had increased frequencies of IL-10-producing CD4+ T cells, which were crucial for preventing severe inf...
A team of researchers identified a novel biomarker, membrane-bound BASP-1 protein, to visualize adult human neural stem cells in the live mammalian brain. This discovery enables better understanding of neurogenesis and its relevance to neurological disorders, potentially leading to new therapeutic approaches.
A recent study by Johns Hopkins Medicine has found that COVID-19 vaccines may not produce sufficient antibody response in people who have received solid organ transplants and are immunocompromised. Only 17% of participants developed detectable antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 virus after receiving their first dose of the vaccine.
A study published in The Lancet Microbe found that SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody immunity can vary greatly in duration, ranging from mere days to decades. The research also showed that individuals with low levels of neutralizing antibodies may still be protected if they have a robust T-cell immunity.
A new study found that people with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treated with infliximab are less likely to develop antibodies after COVID-19 infection, which may boost susceptibility to reinfection. The study suggests that careful monitoring is needed to ensure patients mount a strong enough antibody response.
A new test called SATiN measures coronavirus antibodies in blood and is as sensitive as current market gold standard, while being cheaper and faster
A recent study published in JAMA Network Open found that the quantity and quality of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies differ significantly among children, adolescents, and young adults. The research has important implications for understanding the immune response to COVID-19 vaccines and informing public health strategies.
Scientists have identified a promising antibody that can effectively fight HIV-1 by tracing new pathways for vaccine development. The study found that the binding strength of the antibody is directly correlated to its ability to neutralize HIV-1, and researchers discovered genetic mutations that enhance the antibody's potency against d...
A phase 1 study found that a single dose of Ad26.COV2.S vaccine induced both antibody and cellular immune responses. The vaccine is currently being tested in two phase 3 clinical trials to determine its efficacy against COVID-19.
A study published in mBio found no SARS-CoV-2 virus in breast milk from COVID-19 positive mothers, while nearly two-thirds contained antibodies that can neutralize the virus. This research provides new clarity on guidance for post-natal mothers and suggests that breastfed babies may be protected against COVID-19.
Researchers are using llama antibodies to design treatments and vaccines for SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. The unique nanobodies produced by llamas can bind to areas of viral proteins that larger antibodies cannot fit into, blocking those proteins from connecting with cells.
Researchers at Lund University have developed a new method for generating antibodies using CRISPR-Cas9, which enables the identification of novel target molecules and could lead to more effective treatments for cancer and autoimmune diseases.
A nanoparticle-based vaccine has been shown to produce protective antibodies against multiple H1 and H3 influenza A viruses in nonhuman primates. The vaccine's broad immunity suggests it may provide long-term protection, offering a promising solution to the challenge of creating a universal flu vaccine.
Researchers successfully developed bispecific antibodies that can target and deplete cancer cells without damaging healthy ones, including mutant tumor suppressor genes like p53. These antibodies could be used 'off-the-shelf' and are a promising alternative to engineered immune cell therapies.
Researchers found that robust IgM and IgG antibodies persist in recovered COVID-19 patients for at least 140 days after symptom onset, while VN antibodies decline rapidly after 60 days. This suggests a short window for donating convalescent plasma to ensure maximum immunity.
Researchers at California Institute of Technology have discovered how antibodies recognize and block the Zika virus. The study found that antibodies produced in response to Zika virus are effective against other flaviviruses like dengue type 1, but less effective against West Nile and other types of dengue.
Studies directly visualized changing SARS-CoV-2 spike shapes and monitored antibody attachment, finding two targeting strategies: occupying the open position or locking in a closed state. This research informs COVID-19 vaccine and treatment development.
A recent NCI study found that individuals with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies appear well protected against re-infection for several months. The study analyzed data from over 3 million people and showed a significant decrease in positive NAAT test results among those with antibodies.
A new research study analyzed COVID-19 antibodies in asymptomatic patients and found that only 6 individuals produced sufficient neutralizing antibodies, while others developed high antibody levels with poor neutralization capabilities.
Researchers investigated SARS-CoV-2 antibody status and subsequent nucleic acid amplification test results to understand serostatus as a predictor of reinfection. The study found that seropositive individuals had a lower risk of future infection compared to those who were not seropositive.
Researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine have discovered that pregnant women can transfer protective COVID-19 antibodies to their babies while in the womb. The study found that most babies born to mothers with COVID-19 antibodies had detectable antibodies, suggesting a potential shielding effect.
A study published in Nature Medicine found that high levels of IgG antibodies may drive MIS-C in children, while increased IgA antibodies may contribute to severe disease in adults. The findings suggest a common immune mechanism underlying different COVID-19 outcomes in children and adults.
Researchers at WashU Medicine have identified an antibody that removes amyloid plaques from brain tissue and blood vessels, improving vessel function without raising the risk of brain bleeds. This breakthrough discovery offers a potentially safer approach to treating Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have developed a new technique to discover tiny antibody fragments that can target different parts of a pathogen, making them effective against variants. This approach has the potential to quickly identify multiple potent nanobodies that can neutralize pathogens.
Researchers found that high levels of antibodies against a specific part of the virus may be key to understanding immune response to COVID-19. Individuals with stronger antibody responses showed immune functions associated with natural protection, offering a promising avenue for vaccine development and effective global rollout.
Researchers developed a metal organic framework (ZIF) that improves the delivery and sustained release of cancer immunotherapy drugs like nivolumab, targeting leukemia cells with minimal toxicity. Coating ZIF with a cancer cell membrane enhances accurate delivery to solid tumors.
Researchers found that people with cross-reactive antibodies had no protection against SARS-CoV-2, and these antibodies did not correlate with COVID-19 severity. The study suggests that pre-existing immune responses may play a role in reducing disease severity, but more research is needed to confirm this.
A new study has detected high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses (SC2r-CoVs) in bats and pangolins in Southeast Asia. The discovery suggests that more SC2r-CoVs may be present in the region, with potential implications for future pandemics.
A new strategy has been developed to fast and reliably quantify the immune response induced by vaccination, revealing the timeline and stage of pathogen infection. The technique is equally sensitive to existing gold-standard methods and can detect multiple target molecules in a fraction of the time.
Researchers found a subpopulation of adults who don't sustain an antibody response after RSV reinfection, making them susceptible to reinfection. The 'original antigenic sin' phenomenon also emerged, where the immune system responds more to older infections than recent ones.
Researchers develop peptide-based 'booster' inhibitors that use generic hepatitis B antibodies to neutralize SARS-CoV-2 viruses. This approach offers a rapid response time and could provide guidance for preparing generic therapeutics against emerging pathogens.
Researchers found that antibodies produced by B cells predominantly have the IgA subtype, which inhibits RAS signaling, sensitizing tumor cells to T cell-mediated killing. This study provides insights into how immune components regulate ovarian cancer progression and offers new approaches for targeted immunotherapies.
Researchers developed a 10-minute COVID-19 diagnostic test using nanoparticles that can detect IgG antibodies and is priced at about 1/5 of similar devices on the market. The test costs around $5.50, or 30 Brazilian Reais, once approved by ANVISA.
The Holonyak lab team has developed a simple, 15-minute sample-to-answer test for detecting COVID-19 antibodies at a cost of less than $2 per test. This low-cost test demonstrates great potential for widespread use in various settings, including clinics and physician offices.
This study examined the association between maternal and neonatal SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody concentrations, shedding light on neonatal immunity and maternal vaccination strategies. The findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics of maternal antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy.
Researchers created protein-based biosensors that emit light when mixed with virus proteins or antibodies, offering a rapid diagnostic solution. The new technology shows promise for detecting COVID-19 infections without the need for genetic amplification, addressing supply chain shortages.
A study found that over half of Ebola survivors experienced a rapid increase in antibody levels around 200 days after recovery, followed by decline, indicating potential long-term virus persistence.
Researchers at Monash University have created a new class of biosensors that can monitor the concentration of proteins in real-time, enabling faster and more effective treatments for chronic health complications. This breakthrough technology could provide invaluable insights into disease progression and treatment efficacy.
A new study demonstrates that SARS-CoV-2 reacts to antibodies of other coronavirus strains and vice versa. However, antibodies from the 2003 SARS outbreak had only limited effectiveness in neutralizing the new virus.
A new approach maps viral mutations that escape leading antibodies, revealing a single amino-acid mutation that fully escapes Regeneron's antibody cocktail. The maps show a substantial number of RBD mutations in circulation that escaped one or more antibodies.