Articles tagged with Bacterial Pathogens
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The University of Arizona College of Medicine – Tucson laboratory is working on discovering new ways to neutralize harmful microorganisms using copper. The researchers aim to understand how copper kills bacteria by flooding their environment with excess copper, tricking them into building essential proteins with the wrong materials.
Researchers at Salk Institute discovered plant cells enter an immune state to fight pathogens, using Primary IMmunE Responder (PRIMER) cells as hubs for the immune response. These cells are surrounded by bystander cells that enable long-distance cell-to-cell communication.
A new system can quickly identify emerging virus variants and provide information on their genetic changes, helping to understand why they spread differently in human populations. This enables the development of more effective vaccines and targeted treatments for diseases such as flu, COVID, and tuberculosis.
A new study finds that disease-causing bacteria can infect a wide range of plant species, including non-flowering plants, using a common set of pathogenicity factors. The research suggests that the toxin syringomycin interferes with cell membranes across diverse plant species.
Researchers found that silver did not reduce overall bacteria in water samples from silver-containing showerheads, but its composition varied with each type of fixture tested. The study suggests that rare microbes in these showerheads could be more prone to forming biofilms in response to the stressful environment.
A new study from the University of Illinois aims to determine the most effective risk management strategies for the produce supply chain. The researchers found that improved process controls, such as washing, provided a greater reduction in overall risk than additional product testing.
Researchers discovered that serine inhibits the cell wall remodeling necessary for Clostridium perfringens to form spores, preventing food poisoning. The study provides insights into the underlying mechanism of spore formation and may lead to new strategies for preventing foodborne illnesses.
University of Virginia School of Engineering and Applied Science professors William Epling and Roseanne Ford were elected as fellows to the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. They are recognized for their expertise in environmental catalysis and bacterial chemotaxis, respectively.
Research finds that Streptococcus mutans's collagen-binding protein may induce hematuria and IgA deposition in kidney disease, suggesting a potential pathogenic role. The study suggests a link between oral pathogens and renal lesions.
In-shell pecans are susceptible to pathogens due to soil contact with wildlife and livestock. A recent study found that hot water treatment significantly reduced Shiga toxin-producing E. coli populations on pecans, regardless of treatment time, and prevented cross-contamination.
Researchers at Tufts University discovered that TB bacteria maintain a consistent growth rate throughout their life cycle, defying expectations. The study also reveals new growth behaviors of TB bacteria, including the ability to grow from either end after division.
A new UC Davis Health study has uncovered the mechanisms by which Salmonella bacteria evade the body's natural defenses in the gut. The research found that Salmonella alters the gut's nutrient environment to fuel its replication in the large intestine, creating an imbalance that helps the pathogen survive. This new understanding could ...
A new study developed an innovative approach to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria by tagging them with a chimeric agent that activates the immune system towards them. This tagging technique helps the immune system recognize and eliminate elusive pathogens, offering a promising new direction for fighting drug-resistant infections.
A groundbreaking metagenomic sequencing test has proven effective in rapidly diagnosing almost any kind of pathogen, including viruses, bacteria, fungus or parasite. The test analyzes all nucleic acids present in a sample, replacing multiple tests with a single one and speeding up diagnosis.
A new study finds that pathogens like Listeria and E. coli can survive on microplastics in wastewater treatment plants. These biofilms, called plastispheres, protect the pathogens from treatment processes, highlighting a challenge for safely reusing treated water.
A German-French research team has been awarded an 11 million euro ERC Synergy Grant to develop an AI-based solution for the systematic search of new antibiotics. The team aims to analyze seven bacterial species and their genetic mutants using advanced methods, including deep learning analyses, to identify potential new antibiotic agents.
Researchers at Houston Methodist have identified a new strain of bacteria, Streptococcus dysgalactiae subspecies equisimilis (SDSE), linked to increasingly severe human infections. The study used integrative analysis to investigate the genome, transcriptome, and virulence of SDSE strains, shedding light on their molecular pathogenesis.
A recent study by Mizzou researchers found that infections are a significant problem for white-tailed deer on Missouri farms. The study identified the three most common types of bacteria causing pneumonia in farmed deer, providing actionable data for veterinarians and farmers to make informed decisions.
The study found that P. aeruginosa adapts to the lung's mucus by relying on sugars and lactate, but also needs to synthesize essential nutrients through metabolic independence. Biofilm formation imposes a metabolic burden, slowing down the bacteria's ability to spread, while disrupting biofilms makes them more vulnerable to antibiotics.
A new study reveals widespread resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to commonly used cleaning agents, including quaternary ammonium compounds. The researchers identify biocides that work well against the pathogen, highlighting the need for revised sanitation protocols in hospitals and homes.
A three-decade study found polar bears exposed to increased pathogens due to environmental changes, with females at higher risk. The study, published in PLOS ONE, highlights the need for further disease screening in polar bear populations.
The study describes the full molecular structure of the phage DEV, which infects and lysates Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria. The researchers discovered a genome ejection motor that pulls the DNA out of its head after infection, with conserved design principles across all Schitoviridae phages.
A new study reveals how three species of bacteria coexist in biofilms by playing a game of 'nice' and then moving out when the surface becomes too crowded. The dominant species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, disperses to allow other species to thrive.
A team of researchers discovered a mechanism that determines the spiral shape of Rhodospirillum bacteria, revealing a novel link between cell shape and fitness. The study found that an outer membrane porin-lipoprotein complex modulates elongasome movement to establish cell curvature in R. rubrum.
Researchers have discovered that Listeria monocytogenes loses its cell wall and becomes round when entering a dormant state, making it undetectable by growth-based tests. Developing antibodies to detect dormant forms of the bacterium could lead to specific tests for better protection.
A team of researchers at UMC Utrecht has identified 29 novel antibodies against the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae, an important cause of drug-resistant infections. The antibodies were found to interact with antigens on the bacterial surface and some act synergistically to neutralize the pathogen.
A Virginia Tech research team has identified a molecular mechanism by which Shigella flexneri bacteria manipulate host molecules to ensure their survival. The study provides a new understanding of the infection pathway and its potential implications for preventing similar infections in other bacteria.
Researchers have discovered a new class of natural antimicrobials called microcins that can target specific strains of bacteria causing cholera, inflammatory bowel disease, and colon cancer. Microcins are highly selective and can potentially remove unwanted bacteria without disrupting the human gut microbiome.
A recent study has revealed that oral bacteria, specifically Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, can exacerbate rheumatoid arthritis. The study found that the infection led to increased inflammation and joint damage in animal models.
A study on the UK E. coli outbreak identified contaminated lettuce as the primary source of infection, with heavy rainfall carrying STEC from animal feces to the crops. The investigation demonstrated the value of a One Health approach in predicting and preventing future outbreaks.
Researchers at Gladstone Institutes have developed a streamlined way to engineer bacteriophages, viruses that naturally kill bacteria. The new technique uses retrons to edit phage genomes, allowing for the creation of numerous variants and paving the way for alternative treatments for antibiotic-resistant infections.
A new narrow-spectrum antibiotic, FP 100, has been found to effectively eliminate Fusobacterium nucleatum without harming the oral or gut microbiomes. This breakthrough discovery holds significant implications for treating severe gum disease and preventing related systemic conditions such as colon cancer and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered a non-virulent bacterium, Mycobacterium spongiae, that shares 80% of its genetic material with M. tuberculosis, shedding light on the disease's origins. The study provides valuable insights into the evolution and virulence of TB.
A new study suggests treating all children under 5 with azithromycin in Africa can significantly reduce child mortality. Treating older kids protects younger children from respiratory and lethal infections.
A study published in Genome Biology and Evolution found that predation by protists increases the virulence of opportunistic pathogens like Serratia marcescens. The presence of the predator Tetrahymena thermophila led to stronger biofilm formation and greater antimicrobial resistance, resulting in higher mortality in honey bees.
A team of researchers at UC Davis Health discovered a novel bioelectrical mechanism that allows Salmonella bacteria to navigate the gut lining and find vulnerable entry points. The study found that Salmonella bacteria detect electric signals in FAE, which helps them move towards openings in the gut where they can enter.
A study from the University of California, Berkeley, shows that nematodes react to pathogenic bacteria by destroying mitochondria to protect against iron-stealing bacteria. This protective response suggests that humans may also respond to the smell of pathogens to prepare their gut for infection.
Researchers at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev have developed a new compound, PL-18, which disrupts bacterial quorum sensing and biofilm formation. This compound has shown promise in reducing bacterial virulence and inhibiting iron uptake, suggesting potential applications in combating antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
Scientists at ADA Forsyth Institute found that nutrient-deprived polymicrobial community conditions in hospitals favor the growth of Klebsiella, a multidrug-resistant pathogen. The bacteria can thrive for over 120 days after being deprived of nutrition.
Anaerobic bacteria have survived for ages in oxygen-free niches, influencing human health and environment. The 'AnoxyGen' project aims to unlock their biosynthetic potential using molecular and synthetic biology tools.
Research reveals native plants and non-native crops attract pests that spread diseases, causing harm to both plant populations. The studies also found viruses transmitted from crops to wild plants, which can have devastating effects on native ecosystems.
The Xanthomonas cucurbitae pathogen that causes bacterial spot has remained genetically uniform across the Midwest, with most isolates sharing over 99% identical DNA sequences. This lack of diversification may hinder the pathogen's ability to evolve and could be leveraged for developing disease-resistant crops.
Researchers analyzed genomic data and human travel patterns to understand the spread and evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The study found that a pneumococcal vaccine reduced antibiotic resistance but allowed non-targeted strains to gain a competitive advantage, suggesting short-lived protection.
Researchers have identified Stomoxys flies as carriers of pathogenic bacteria that cause bovine mastitis. The study found that these bacteria are more abundant in the fly gut than in manure samples, suggesting a link between insect bites and disease transmission.
Researchers developed a new method for detecting foodborne pathogens using a 3D-printed microfluidic chip, which can rapidly test for multiple pathogens simultaneously. The chip uses light to detect pathogens and has been shown to be effective in detecting common bacteria such as E. coli and salmonella at very low concentrations.
Researchers have gained insight into how a deadly strain of salmonella adapts to invasion, flourishing in hostile environments and evading immune defenses. The study sheds light on the role of fluid shear forces in bacterial behavior, which may accelerate the design of new therapies for life-threatening infections.
Scientists found that a small increase in temperature can drastically change mutation frequency in E. coli bacteria, facilitating resistance development. The results suggest using fever control or antimicrobial drugs at higher temperatures to mitigate antibiotic resistance.
Researchers used human lung microtissues to uncover the strategy used by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to invade lungs. The pathogen targets goblet cells, which it uses as Trojan horses to breach the defense line. Lung organoids also enabled the development of a sensor to monitor bacteria and track their behavior during infection.
A recent study has identified over 300 distinct types of bacteria in Roman Baths water, including those with antibiotic-producing capabilities. These microorganisms show promise as a potential source of novel natural products to combat antibiotic resistance.
A study from the University of Notre Dame identifies fibrinolytic deficiencies as a key factor increasing risk for catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs) and sepsis in catheterized patients. The research suggests that antifibrinolytic medications may be linked to this increased risk.
Researchers tested seven antibiotics in combination with various natural compounds, finding synergistic effects against multidrug-resistant bacteria. The study suggests combining antibiotics with plant extracts or phytochemicals could be a promising strategy to combat antimicrobial resistance.
The new nanodevice shows significant efficacy against pathogenic microorganisms such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. It improves the efficacy of encapsulated cinnamaldehyde by up to 52-fold for E. coli and 60-fold for S. aureus.
A novel real-time PCR method has been developed to detect and identify the emerging zoonotic foodborne pathogen E. albertii, which is often misidentified as E. coli. The study found that E. albertii can survive in the human intestinal tract for approximately four weeks.
A new Dartmouth-led study has provided new insights into the therapeutic potential of bacteriophage therapy for treating diseases like cystic fibrosis. Researchers found that respiratory epithelial cells sense and respond to therapeutic phages, and interactions between phages and epithelial cells are heterogenous in nature.
Researchers discovered that two species of marine bacteria work together to produce vitamin B12, essential for metabolism and survival of many marine organisms. The bacteria release building blocks into the water, which are then combined to form the vitamin through a complex process involving viral infection.
Researchers discovered that Acanthophora spicifera extracts inhibit Vibrio coralliilyticus growth and improve survival rates in Ostrea edulis larvae. The study highlights the potential of natural compounds from seaweeds as an alternative to antibiotics for aquaculture disease control.
Climate change exacerbates antimicrobial resistance by increasing global temperatures, sea levels, and disease transmission. This threat multiplier effect poses significant risks to human health, food supply, and ecosystem integrity.
Bacteria like Burkholderia pseudomallei use a unique tactic to spread in the body by residing inside human cells. They employ a nano-sized speargun called type VI secretion system (T6SS) to move from cell to cell without being detected by the immune system.
A handheld device developed by Osaka Metropolitan University's team can detect multiple bacterial species within an hour, including disease-causing E. coli and salmonella. The sensor uses organic metallic nanohybrids to distinguish electrochemical signals on the same screen-printed electrode chip.
A Danish study found that PrEP use was associated with a more than twofold increase in chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis diagnoses. The researchers suggest that changes in sexual risk-taking may lead people to seek PrEP rather than increased risks.