Articles tagged with Bacterial Species
A new method using SlipChip technology allows researchers to target and grow specific, previously uncultured microbes from the human gut. By isolating individual bacterial species, scientists can better understand their roles in human health and potentially identify beneficial or harmful microbes.
Researchers found changes in gut microbiota composition among people with Type 2 diabetes or obesity compared to healthy individuals. The study identified associations between specific bacterial species and metabolic variables such as BMI, hemoglobin A1c, and waist circumference.
CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre's official journal Studies in Mycology will be published by Elsevier, enabling interactive links to live databases and multimedia. The journal, first launched in 1972, is renowned for its systematic monographs of filamentous fungi and yeasts.
Molecular methods have improved identification of war wound infections, revealing new insights into microbial species associated with successful and unsuccessful healing. The study found that certain bacteria are linked to poor wound healing, while others are associated with successful recovery.
Indiana University biologists will advance research on bacterial evolution using $6.2 million in funding from the US Army Research Office. The team will investigate how bacteria evolve in response to internal and external environments, with practical applications in human health, energy, and food production.
A new study proposes a theory that explains co-evolutionary changes in predator-prey relationships, revealing unique behaviors at the population scale. The research suggests that evolutionary changes can dramatically affect species relationships, potentially making them more vulnerable or less vulnerable.
A recent study reveals that the marine microbe Prochlorococcus has hundreds of distinct genetic subpopulations, each with a unique genomic backbone. This diversity is finely tuned for optimal growth under different conditions, creating a robust and stable population in the face of environmental instability.
Researchers found hundreds of distinct genetic subpopulations within a single species of ocean microbe, Prochlorococcus, and discovered that these subpopulations are finely tuned for specific ecological niches. The study suggests that the remarkable diversity of Prochlorococcus is not random but rather a result of natural selection.
Researchers discovered that Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria use combinatorial communication to achieve an effect different from the sum of individual signals, a method previously thought to be unique to humans and some primates. This finding has serious implications for our understanding of language origins.
Researchers at LMU München develop a mathematical model that shows how Bacillus subtilis populations benefit from balancing growth and migration. By doing so, they adapt to changing environments more effectively than specialized bacteria.
A study by Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology reveals that beewolves control transmission of their bacterial symbionts to mother-to-offspring, stabilizing the alliance over millions of years. The symbiosis originated in the late Cretaceous and has persisted through 170 species of wasps.
Four new species of carnivorous sponges have been discovered in the deep sea, using intricate microscopic hooks to trap crustaceans and other small organisms. These 'killer sponges' thrive in the dark depths of the ocean, where energy is scarce, and rely on clever trapping mechanisms to survive.
Bacteria have been found to possess a surprisingly flexible immune system that can recognize and neutralize viruses and other foreign DNA invaders. This adaptive immunity, termed CRISPR-Cas, allows bacteria to store genetic memories of past infections and respond quickly to future exposures.
Researchers discovered that slimmer, more traditionally attractive men tend to have fewer potentially pathogenic species of bacteria in their noses compared to heavier men. This link between body mass index (BMI) and bacterial colonization has significant implications for reproductive health.
Researchers at the University of Iowa have developed a non-invasive chemical probe that can detect Staphylococcus aureus bacteria in the body, potentially leading to quicker and more accurate diagnoses. The probe uses the bacteria's propensity to cleave DNA, allowing doctors to pinpoint its location and detect infections sooner.
Scientists at Stanford University School of Medicine have found that the nose is a reservoir for Staphylococcus aureus, a major cause of disease. The study suggests that targeting these hidden sites may be more effective in preventing infections.
Scientists have resolved the 'chlamydial anomaly' by detecting peptidoglycan in Chlamydia trachomatis. The novel method used reveals regions where the molecule is produced, confirming its presence.
A study published in Nature has cataloged 46 species with their mortality and fertility rates, revealing extraordinary diversity in aging processes. This challenges current explanations, which predict that the probability of dying rises with age, as seen in humans, but contradicted by species like the desert tortoise and white mangrove.
A Clemson University scientist is studying the impact of environmental changes on lucinids, a common species of clam found in Southern coastal marine sediments. The research aims to understand how these clams contribute to coastal biodiversity and develop strategies to manage natural resources.
Researchers have determined the atomic resolution structure of a bacterial nanowire protein, revealing its shape and form suggest ways for electrons to shuttle along the wire. The study's findings could lead to new applications such as bacterial fuel cells, carbon cycling, and biocomputers.
Researchers found strong divergences in mtDNA, suggesting cryptic speciation, but no differences in nuclear DNA markers. Wolbachia infections can mimic this phenomenon, leading to false results in DNA barcoding studies. The study warns against relying solely on DNA barcoding for species identification.
Researchers found that Prevotella copri was more abundant in patients with newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis than healthy individuals or those with chronic, treated rheumatoid arthritis. The study suggests a possible link between the growth of this intestinal bacteria and the onset of autoimmune attacks on the joints.
Researchers used gene sequencing to map bacterial communities on two human cadavers, finding differences and changes over the decomposition process. The study suggests specific patterns in bacterial communities as a corpse decomposes.
Scientists identify correlation between genetic variation and microbiome composition, suggesting role of host immunity in bacteria levels across the body. The study highlights the complex interaction between human genetics and the microbiome, with potential implications for disease susceptibility.
Plant genes called expansins were transferred from plants to bacteria, fungi, and amoeba, allowing them to weaken plant cell walls and colonize roots. This unique case suggests that rare gene transfers have contributed significantly to the evolution of prokaryotic and eukaryotic species.
A new study has provided hope for halting the incurable citrus greening disease by understanding its impact on trees before infection. The researchers used DNA sequencing technologies to reveal metabolic imbalances and hormonal disruptions caused by the bacterial disease.
A review article by Kesidou et al. explores the molecular mechanisms of autophagy and its role in chronic and acute neurodegenerative disorders. The study highlights the complex interplay between autophagy's protective and damaging effects, emphasizing the need for further research to fully understand its implications.
Research reveals that individuals with lower bacterial species in their intestines are more susceptible to developing complications related to obesity, including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. A diverse flora appears to play a crucial role in maintaining overall health.
A team of scientists has discovered a mechanism by which beneficial bacteria reside and thrive in the gastrointestinal tract. By understanding how these microbes colonize, they may be able to correct abnormal changes in bacterial communities linked to disorders like obesity and inflammatory bowel disease.
A study by Linköping University and Karolinska Institutet found that children born via Caesarean section have a lower diversity of gut bacteria, increasing the risk of allergies. Vaginal birth exposes the child to beneficial bacteria in the mother's birth canal.
Researchers at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center have identified specific types of intestinal bacteria that contribute to the development of lymphoma. These bacteria can be targeted with antibiotics to reduce cancer risk, while promoting protective bacteria through probiotics may also be effective.
Research shows that selective grazing by slugs can prevent key grassland species from taking hold and reduce overall plant diversity. The team found that some of the most ecologically important species, such as red clover, are particularly tasty to slugs, which may hinder restoration efforts.
Researchers at UCSF discovered changes in intestinal bacteria can perpetuate inflammation triggered by HIV, linked to chronic diseases such as heart disease, dementia, and obesity. The study suggests manipulating microbial populations could be a promising strategy to restore gut health and potentially treat HIV.
The study shows that temporal niches promote frequency-dependent selection, allowing diversity among bacterial phenotypes to persist. Alternating environmental conditions help maintain closely-related phenotypes, resulting in higher biodiversity levels.
A new study reveals that healthy Red Sea corals harbor bacterial communities deep within their tissues, including the previously unknown species Endozoicomonas. This symbiotic relationship is believed to aid the coral's nutrient recycling, contributing to its overall health and survival.
A new assay has been developed to rapidly detect the toxin secreted by Vibrio tubiashii, a bacterial disease affecting the oyster industry. The test is expected to provide early warning systems for oyster growers, allowing them to take quick action and prevent significant losses.
Researchers found that young birds have a diverse range of bacteria in their guts, while adults have a more stable community of species. As birds mature, the number of bacterial species decreases, and a stable community forms.
Researchers found that certain bacteria can rapidly adapt to nanosilver's antimicrobial action, leading to the emergence of new resistant strains. This has significant implications for the widespread use of nanosilver in medicine and environmental applications.
Researchers at Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research identify diverse CRISPR-Cas gene variants, opening possibilities for targeted genetic manipulation and medical applications. These newly discovered gene variations can be used to develop novel therapies, including gene editing.
Fossils from 1,900 million-year-old rocks in Lake Superior's Gunflint chert provide evidence of ancient heterotrophy. The team discovered microbes consumed other bacteria, producing a 'rotten egg' whiff similar to modern bacterial activity.
Scientists find that altering the structure and assembly of cellulose can make it more easily broken down, leading to more efficient biofuel production. By modifying the synthesis process, plants can produce cellulose with fewer structured bundles, reducing the need for time- and energy-intensive industrial processes.
Research at Washington University School of Medicine suggests that Gardnerella vaginalis bacteria is likely the cause of bacterial vaginosis, a condition linked to preterm birth and increased risk of sexually transmitted diseases. The condition affects one in every three women and often does not cause significant symptoms.
A new study by University of Missouri researcher Zhiqiang Hu has developed a cost-effective method for monitoring wetland health using microbial analysis. This approach can help identify healthy ecosystems and inform conservation efforts.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that the surface bacteria on fresh produce vary depending on the type of produce and cultivation practices. Different types of fruits and veggies have distinct bacterial communities, which may impact food spoilage rates.
Researchers found that certain bacteria in the stomach microbiota can prevent pathology from H. pylori infection, while others exacerbate it. The study suggests that targeting specific microbes may lead to a cure for ulcers and gastric cancer.
Mercyhurst University has received a $20,000 grant to extend its research on emerging contaminants in Lake Erie waters at Presque Isle State Park. The study will focus on five chemicals, including fluoxetine, triclosan, estradiol, diuron, and sucralose, which have been shown to have negative health consequences.
Researchers found a rich diversity of microbial life and chemicals in hailstones from a storm cloud, suggesting specific processes during cloud lifetime impact bacterial distribution. The study suggests that these processes could affect long-distance transport and geographical distribution of microbes on Earth.
Scientists unveil the biochemistry of a unique microbial community living together in a cold sulfur spring, revealing symbiotic relationships between archaea and bacteria. The study uses synchrotron infrared to identify metabolic activities and protein structures, shedding light on a previously unknown lifestyle.
Researchers compared pharyngeal nervous systems of nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and predator/omnivore Pristionchus pacificus, finding large differences in neuronal connections. These differences reflect the fundamental differences in feeding behaviors between the two species.
Researchers found that marine bacteria prefer specific temperatures, nutrients, light, and salinity levels, contradicting the 'everything is everywhere' hypothesis. The discovery suggests dispersal limitation plays a crucial role in shaping bacterial distributions.
Researchers discovered that firebugs and cotton stainers rely on symbiotic bacteria to thrive on Malvaceous plant seeds. The bacterial community helps provide essential nutrients and detoxify toxic chemicals, making it a key factor in the bugs' survival and success.
Spanish researchers have discovered a diverse range of bacteria in breast milk, including over 700 species. The study found that mother's weight and labor type affect microbiome diversity, with heavier mothers having fewer bacteria in their milk.
A comprehensive study found that adult beetles of the European forest cockchafer species house the same microbial species as larvae, despite metamorphosing from one stage to another. The microbes include clostridia and other bacterial species that aid in digesting plant materials.
Two UT Southwestern researchers, Dr. Lora Hooper and Dr. Youxing Jiang, are recognized for their innovative work on immune mechanisms and ion channels. Their discoveries have significant implications for understanding and treating conditions like inflammatory bowel disorders and channelopathies.
Researchers found very few genetic biomarkers for archaea and many more for species that derive from bacteria. The populations of microbes changed dramatically over a short period of time, with some species perishing and others becoming more abundant.
A new study suggests that up to one million marine species may inhabit the world's oceans. The current number of identified species is around 230,000, but estimates vary widely, ranging from 540,000 to 972,000. Despite this uncertainty, researchers agree that only about 1/3 of ocean biodiversity has been discovered.
In a study, MIT physicists found that cooperative yeast members outperform cheaters when competing with bacteria in an experimental setup. This is because cooperators have easier access to sugars and can spread less due to population density constraints.
Research found that drought stress enriches microbial communities around plant roots, promoting drought resistance and increasing plant photosynthesis by up to 40%. This discovery highlights the importance of symbiotic relationships between plants and soil microbes in maintaining plant health.
A new study suggests that bacteria cue choanoflagellates, the closest living relatives of animals, to form colonies. The discovery implies that bacteria may have helped kick off multicellular life, a development that eventually led to all animals, including humans.
Scientists at Queen's University Belfast have developed a new technique using a cold plasma jet to kill bacteria in biofilms, making it effective against complex organised communities of bacteria. The approach has the potential to control hospital superbugs, including multidrug-resistant bacteria like MRSA.