Articles tagged with Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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A study published in Nature Neuroscience reveals that fair sanctions are orchestrated by the interaction between two frontal brain regions: the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. This communication is crucial for punishing norm violations at one's own expense.
A study published in Neuron found that brain regions beyond the reward centers engage when playing games, suggesting a more widespread role for reward processing in the brain. The research used multi-voxel pattern analysis to identify patterns of brain activity associated with wins and losses.
A recent MRI study published in Molecular Psychiatry found that depression frequently uncouples the brain's 'hate circuit', which includes regions involved in risk and action responses, reward and emotion processing. This disruption may lead to impaired ability to control social interactions and increased self-loathing.
UC Berkeley researchers successfully decoded and reconstructed people's dynamic visual experiences by watching Hollywood movie trailers. The breakthrough technology can eventually be used to understand what goes on in the minds of stroke victims or coma patients, as well as enable brain-machine interfaces for people with cerebral palsy.
Researchers found that visual processing also activates the same parts of the brain involved in touch sensations, allowing computers to accurately predict which object is being viewed. This connection enables a 'mind's touch,' where memories of tactile experiences are replayed when viewing corresponding visual images.
The Wellcome Trust report highlights progress in human functional brain imaging, including breakthroughs in statistical and computational modeling. The review emphasizes the need for continued funding and collaborations to translate findings into clinical applications.
Researchers at Princeton University have matched brain activity with categories of words related to abstract ideas. The study reveals how the brain processes complex thoughts and identifies 'semantic threads' connecting related concepts.
Researchers used innovative fMRI technique to pinpoint areas of the brain dedicated solely to language. Eight out of nine analyzed regions uniquely supported language tasks, while remaining regions showed no activation for non-language tasks.
Scientists identified a key brain region and system involved in predicting the near future, which may help diagnose early stage neurological diseases such as schizophrenia and Parkinson's. The study found that participants were more accurate in predicting events within an event but struggled across boundaries.
A study has found that patients with mild traumatic brain injury exhibit abnormal functional connectivity in the thalamus, a key relay station for brain information. The disruption of this connectivity may contribute to various post-traumatic symptoms, including depression and anxiety.
A team of researchers led by Ayse Pinar Saygin found that the human brain responds with a mismatch in perception when an android's appearance and motion are at odds. This phenomenon, known as the 'uncanny valley,' occurs when an artificial agent becomes too human-like, causing discomfort and unease.
Researchers found that domain expertise insulates experts from biases caused by monetary favors, using functional MRI scans. Non-experts, however, are more susceptible to such biases, which can affect their judgments in various areas, including politics and medicine.
Researchers at Columbia University used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to document language impairment in autistic children. The study found that brain activity patterns were different between autistic and control patients, suggesting a possible early diagnosis method for autism.
A new study published in Cephalalgia suggests that precision ophthalmic tints can suppress cortical activation in the brain, reducing migraine symptoms. The lenses significantly reduced discomfort when viewing stressful patterns, with a 70% reduction in distress.
A University of Toronto study found that formerly depressed patients' brain activity responses to sadness can predict future depression relapse. The research suggests that a frontal brain region's analysis and interpretation of sadness may perpetuate depression.
Researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine developed a new fMRI technique that can distinguish between different mental states based on synchronized brain network activity. The study used a novel approach to capture brain activity in real-world, self-paced conditions, allowing for more accurate identification of brain states.
Research suggests that eating a protein-rich breakfast increases satiety and reduces hunger throughout the day. The study found that higher protein meals led to greater changes in appetite and satiety compared to normal protein meals.
A UA study using economic models backed up by fMRI scans explores the neural bases of guilt aversion and its role in sustaining human cooperation. The findings suggest that a critical neural system processes moral sentiments to sustain trust and reciprocity in complex situations.
The Cephalalgia Award has been won by A Stankewitz and colleagues for their groundbreaking paper on a new trigemino-nociceptive stimulation model for event-related fMRI. The study offers high spatial resolution and potential to advance headache science.
A new study found that the brain has an automatic reaction to unfairness in financial fairness games, linked to increased amygdala activity. Targeting this region can reduce aggression and increase tendency to accept unfair distributions of money.
Research suggests that recreational Ecstasy use is associated with chronic changes in brain function, particularly increased brain activation in visual processing areas. The study's findings may have implications for the potential therapeutic benefits and risks of Ecstasy use, as well as its impact on mental health over time.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that the human brain is wired to recognize familiar objects, including faces and animals, in their typical upright orientation. The research used fMRI scans to measure brain activity in response to camouflaged faces and animals, revealing a strong bias towards recognizing upright visuals.
A new study found that impulsive choice in alcohol dependence may be linked to functional anomalies in brain regions involved in cognitive and emotional control. Individuals with more severe AUDs showed increased activity in regions such as the insula and supplementary motor area when delaying gratification.
Researchers at UBC discovered that real-time fMRI feedback significantly enhances people's ability to control their thoughts. By monitoring the brain region responsible for higher-order thoughts, participants could effectively train their brains and improve mental focus.
Researcher Theresa Pape is developing therapies to jump-start the lives of patients with traumatic brain injury, often falling through the cracks of the medical system. Her innovative clinical trials test the effectiveness of familiar voice intervention and transcranial magnetic stimulation in awakening patients.
A team of researchers found that half of all learned insights are consolidated in our memories, and the amygdala plays a crucial role in this process. The study used camouflage images to induce sudden insight, and participants' ability to identify the images was predicted by amygdala activity.
Researchers found that half of learned insights are consolidated in memories within a week, while others fade over time. The amygdala, associated with emotion, is activated during insight moments and predicts ability to recall degraded images.
A new approach to studying the brain uses a mathematical sequence to strengthen fMRI data, revealing how nerve cells represent information. This method measures changes in brain responses and corrects an important limitation of fMRI, making it more powerful than before.
Recent study finds that adolescents at risk for obesity exhibit heightened brain activity when consuming palatable foods like chocolate milkshakes. This suggests that their brains may be more responsive to rewarding stimuli, potentially increasing the risk of overeating.
Researchers found that text messaging is at least as effective as handheld devices in measuring smoking urges and resisting cravings, with tailored interventions tailored to individuals' response-inhibition capacities. The study also identified key brain regions involved in response inhibition.
Researchers use fMRI to probe for higher-level cognitive functioning in severely brain-injured patients, finding a wide variation in response capabilities. The study suggests that no bedside exam can accurately assess cognitive function in these patients, highlighting the need for further exploration and understanding.
Researchers studied how children master speech by observing finger movements and neural processes. The study suggests that the beat could reveal underlying motor skills, shedding light on stuttering in children.
Researchers used fMRI scans to measure brain activity in response to pro-health messages, finding a positive correlation between neural reactions and successful quitting. The study suggests that brain activity can provide valuable information for behavior change, potentially leading to more effective interventions.
A Wayne State University study successfully classified over three-quarters of healthy older adults at risk for cognitive decline within 18 months. The combination of a genetic blood test and a five-minute functional MRI proved to be the most effective predictor.
Researchers have developed a more robust approach to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) that can improve the detection of neural activity and allow for more precise interpretations of fMRI data. This new technique involves three stages: prediction, modeling, and inference, which can turn noisy data into discrete sequences of ...
A McGill University study reveals that listening to pleasurable music releases dopamine, a key player in emotional responses. The anticipation of enjoyable music also induces dopamine release, supporting the idea that music serves as an abstract reward.
A new MRI technique has been developed that enables full three-dimensional brain scans in less than half a second, significantly reducing the scanning time. This breakthrough, made possible by combining two technical improvements, will have an immediate impact on research institutions worldwide and the Human Connectome Project.
Scientists identified key aspects of musical performance that cause emotion-related brain activity, including tempo changes and human touch. The study used fMRI neuroimaging to examine brain activity in response to music, finding increased neural activation in experienced listeners.
This special section of Perspectives on Psychological Science explores the promises and issues facing neuroimaging, including its potential to reveal the anatomy of mental functions. Researchers discuss the need for more emphasis on cognitive processes and the importance of clear communication with the public.
New research confirms that actively controlling learning situations boosts ability to remember information. Brain imaging revealed that the hippocampus is more engaged when individuals have control over their learning environment.
The study used fMRI to capture brain activity while patients experienced pain with and without acupuncture. Results showed significant reduction in activation of pain-processing areas under acupuncture, supporting the effectiveness of acupuncture in relieving pain.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University found that coaching styles can activate the brain's Positive Emotional Attractor, leading to increased cognitive functioning, openness, and better functioning. In contrast, critical or judgmental coaching methods can lead to the Negative Emotional Attractor, causing people to defend themse...
Researchers at Yale University used fMRI to identify three distinct 'neural signatures' in children with autism and their unaffected siblings. These patterns, including reduced activity in certain brain regions and enhanced compensatory activity, may help with earlier and more accurate diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder.
A brain scan can predict which children with anxiety disorder will respond to talk therapy, potentially avoiding psychiatric medication. The study found that children who show fear when looking at happy faces on a screen have the least success with cognitive behavioral therapy.
Rutgers University has received a $1,820,000 grant from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to acquire an advanced functional MRI scanner. This cutting-edge technology will enable researchers at Rutgers-Newark to study brain activity and develop new insights into neuroscience discovery.
Researchers found that individuals can learn to control the activity of specific brain regions when receiving fMRI feedback signals. The study, published in Biological Psychiatry, used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess visual emotional stimuli and demonstrated the ability to modulate the response to aversive stimuli.
Researchers found that people retain memories more effectively when their brain activity is similar each time they study the same information. This challenges the long-held belief that variable contexts enhance memory retention. The findings provide new insights into effective studying and cognitive processing.
Researchers developed functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate pancreatic cancer models, using diffusion-weighted and transcatheter intraarterial perfusion MRI to differentiate living from dead cells. This non-invasive method may replace invasive techniques like biopsy or necropsy for assessing therapeutic efficacy.
Researchers have developed a multifunctional nanoparticle that eliminates background noise, enabling precise medical imaging. The technique uses photoacoustic imaging to detect single cells, potentially revolutionizing cancer detection and molecular imaging.
Barrow scientist A.D. Bud Craig is leading the global conversation about the insula, a hidden lobe of the brain involved in virtually every human emotion and behavior. The latest research indicates that the insula plays a crucial role in conditions such as addiction, anxiety, depression, and schizophrenia.
Researchers found that when people agree with our opinions, the 'reward' area of the brain is activated, indicating a satisfying experience. The study used fMRI to examine brain activity in response to expert opinions on music preferences, finding that agreement tends to increase brain reward activity.
A Stanford-led team has solved the mystery of how functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals are produced, confirming earlier assumptions about their relationship to neural excitation. The breakthrough enables researchers to study brain-wide impact of changes in neural circuitry using blood-flow fMRI combined with optogenetics.
New research identifies a brain circuit that enables humans to make choices with high long-term benefits by delaying reward. The study found that vividly imagining the future reduces impulsive choice behavior, suggesting the anterior cingulate cortex plays a key role in dynamic adjustment of preference functions.
A study published in World Journal of Gastroenterology found that biliary balloon stimulation activates the insular cortex, prefrontal cortex, and somatosensory cortex. This suggests the presence of pressure-sensitive vagal afferents in the biliary tract and potential cortical relay beyond the brainstem.
New research from Vanderbilt University reveals that our brains coordinate goal-directed and stimulus-driven attention when surprised. The inferior frontal junction plays a primary role in coordinating these two forms of attention, which may limit our conscious perception during unexpected events.
A new study found that increased activity in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) among adults with alcohol dependence may indicate less control over drinking behavior. The ACC's role in regulating emotions and decision-making could be critical in understanding the development of addiction.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that the brain evaluates faces in two distinct ways: for quality of experience and economic value. The study used fMRI to measure brain activation while participants viewed faces and money, predicting how much they would pay to see a more attractive face.
Participating in social service activities like tutoring children can delay or reverse declining brain function in older adults. The study found that seniors made gains in key brain regions supporting cognitive abilities, improving daily life planning and organization.
A study using fMRI revealed that adults exposed to lead as children incur permanent brain injury, with distinct areas of the brain affected differently. Lead exposure has been associated with diminished IQ, poor academic performance, and increased risk of criminal behavior.
A recent study using fMRI found that men tend to process emotional stimuli in terms of required action, while women focus on the feelings engendered by these stimuli. Women showed stronger activation in the left thalamus when viewing negative images, indicating a stronger neural circuit for identification of emotional stimuli.