Articles tagged with Birds
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A virus causing human-like symptoms may have emerged from a bird virus 200 years ago, according to scientists studying the common cold. Human metapneumovirus has high evolutionary rates and is closely related to Avian metapneumovirus C, suggesting a potential species barrier crossing event.
A study by the Wildlife Conservation Society found that beaver dams provide critical habitat for migratory songbirds in semi-arid regions of the West. The more dams built, the more abundant and diverse local songbirds become.
A study by biologists at Washington University in St. Louis shows that bird diversity is a buffer against the occurrence of West Nile Virus in humans. The more diverse a bird population, the lower the risk of exposure to WNV.
A study found that male birds' brains are activated in 'reward' areas when they sing to attract females, similar to the brain response to addictive drugs. This suggests that social interactions, like courtship, can activate the same brain reward circuits as natural and artificial rewards.
Researchers found that hormone levels alter the brain's response to social cues, affecting preferences for male voices and behavior. The study suggests a possible neural basis for changes in human social decision-making across the menstrual cycle.
The Institute for Computational Sustainability will pursue research agendas that advance computing and benefit society, focusing on ecology, conservation, and environmental management. It aims to create a new field of computational sustainability, combining constraint optimization, dynamical systems, and machine learning.
Researchers report that male and female rufous-and-white wren partners sing duets to keep track of each other when apart. The duets also serve as a form of aggressive territory defense, with birds responding aggressively to rival individuals.
Researchers have found that large flightless birds of the southern continents did not share a common flightless ancestor. Instead, each species lost its ability to fly after diverging from ancestors that had the ability to fly. This challenges the long-held assumption of vicariance and suggests parallel evolution among these bird species.
Male Anolis lizards engage in push-ups, head bobs, and dewlap extensions to defend their territory at dawn and dusk. This behavior is unique among animals, marking the first recorded use of non-acoustic signaling at these times.
A study by UC Santa Barbara researchers found that human colonization of islands has led to a significant increase in biodiversity, with native species making way for new, exotic plants and animals. The research suggests that ecosystems may be oversaturated, leading to potential extinctions.
Researchers found that owl faeces and prey remains can serve as visual signals for intraspecific communication, including territorial and parent-offspring contexts. This novel behavior may aid owls in signaling their reproductive status to potential intruders.
Scientists at the Smithsonian Institution have discovered a new species of olive-backed forest robin in Gabon, Africa. The bird was found to be a separate and distinct species through DNA analysis, bringing the country's total known bird species to 753.
A study published in the Journal of Computational Neuroscience found that brain cells processing visual information adjust their filtering properties to make sense of incoming data. The researchers discovered that odd-symmetric components induce systematic changes across the population of neurons in the V1 area of the visual cortex.
Researchers found that adult songbirds exposed to a novel environment undergo a significant change in their auditory brain's tuning width, becoming more selective. This process is similar to humans adapting to a new language, with increased sensitivity to fine acoustic details. In contrast, isolation caused the tuning to coarsen.
Scientists are studying zebra finches, a type of songbird, to understand how hormones like estrogen impact brain function and behavior. The research aims to uncover the role of synaptically produced estrogen in learning, memory, and neuroprotection.
Aeroecology is an emerging field exploring how airborne organisms depend on the lower atmosphere closest to the Earth's surface. This research has significant implications for understanding behavioral, ecological, and evolutionary responses of organisms in complex meteorological conditions.
Researchers found that warmer temperatures are favouring bird species with southern European ranges, such as the Cirl Bunting and Dartford Warbler, which are becoming more common across Britain. In contrast, northern species like the Fieldfare and Redwing are experiencing declining numbers
Scientists have discovered that inhibiting an enzyme involved in programmed cell death can protect brain regions from neurodegeneration in living birds. The research has the potential to help develop clinical strategies for treating strokes and human age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and dementia.
Researchers found that songbirds control their songs with superfast muscles that can produce work at frequencies over 100 Hz, a 100 times faster than human blink rate. This discovery suggests these muscles are more common than previously thought and provide precise control of song modulations.
A new study found that palm oil plantations supported few bird and butterfly species, despite efforts to increase biodiversity. Preserving natural forests was more effective in increasing species richness, but even this approach had a limited impact.
Researchers found that bold birds, who sing from exposed sites, are more likely to be explorers and risk-takers in the wild. These individuals have a higher mating success due to their attractiveness to females.
Researchers discovered that European starlings and zebrafinches control their songs with the fastest-contracting muscle type yet described. These songbirds can alter volume and frequency of their songs up to 250 times per second, providing precise control over their vocalizations.
Researchers tracked bird flight patterns using radar and found that some birds fly in tandem even when 200 meters apart, suggesting active social behavior.
Researchers discuss how noise affects marine mammals, including beaked whales and killer whales, as well as the impact of urbanization on bird communication. The study highlights various mechanisms animals use to compensate for elevated noise and explores the effects of sonar and other human sounds on marine and land animals.
Research at Queen's University reveals that migrating songbirds observe and learn from local birds' 'mob' behavior to avoid predators. By recognizing social cues, they can gain valuable information about predator location and identity.
A new Montana State University study utilizes thousands of bird watcher reports and a satellite sensor to analyze biodiversity across the continental United States, Canada, and Alaska. The research team found that MODIS technology provides comprehensive measures of vegetation, allowing for broad-scaled ecological studies.
Researchers analyzed bird migration patterns in eastern Massachusetts and found that 8 out of 32 species are arriving earlier due to warming temperatures. Species that winter in the southern US are generally keeping pace with climate change, while those further south are slow to adapt.
Researchers found that migratory songbirds can learn from the songs of successful birds, leading them to choose habitats with high reproductive potential. This complex communication ability suggests that songbirds may be more than just visually selecting habitats.
A new family tree of all British birds provides clues about which species might be endangered next, with declining populations clustered together on the same branches. The study found a link between closely related birds and chances of population decline, but also noted that geographical area inhabited by species is not a key factor.
Researchers found that New Zealand birds can change their nesting behavior in response to introduced predators, reducing the risk of predation. This adaptation allows island birds to survive even in areas with high levels of predator activity, providing new insights for conservation efforts.
A new study by Arizona State University researchers found that artificially coloring the breast feathers of male barn swallows increased their testosterone levels, challenging the traditional view that internal processes determine external features. The study suggests a dynamic system where physical appearance affects physiology.
A new CU-Boulder study reveals that artificial darkening of a male North American barn swallow's breast feathers leads to an increase in testosterone levels, challenging the traditional view that physiology forms external features.
Shorebirds like phalaropes exploit contact angle hysteresis and capillary ratchets to propel food into their mouths, overcoming gravity. The efficiency of this process depends on beak shape and wettability, making it vulnerable to oil spills.
A new report by the Ecological Society of America finds that restoring fish populations in the Great Lakes leads to a shift in herring gull diet, with birds opting for terrestrial food instead. This change may have severe consequences for other species, such as terns, which are more closely tied to aquatic environments.
A new system of smart buoys installed along Massachusetts Bay's busy shipping lanes is helping to reduce collisions between right whales and ships. The buoys recognize the whales' distinctive calls and provide real-time warnings to ships, allowing them to avoid deadly encounters.
A meta-analysis of over 50 studies found that bird feeding can lead to immediate positive outcomes, such as increased chick survival, but also creates ecological traps and disrupts natural selection. The study highlights the need for more comprehensive research on the impact of bird feeding on ecosystems.
Research suggests that increased competition between species for resources limits new species evolution, with rates of speciation slowing down over time. Studies analyzed bird family phylogenies and found a decrease in new species formation as the number of competitors increases.
Female zebra finches strongly preferred directed, courtship songs with less variability in pitch, indicating an ear for detail. The study's findings also suggest that females' preferences shape male song behavior over time, highlighting the importance of social communication in birdsong production and perception.
Ornithologists have discovered a new bird species, Zosterops somadikartai, or Togian white-eye, in the Togian Islands of Indonesia. The species is believed to be endangered due to its limited range and numbers.
Researchers found that bird brain structures for singing and learning are embedded in areas controlling movement, indicating a possible evolutionary link between vocal learning and motor control. This discovery may also shed light on human language origins, with spoken language possibly emerging from pre-existing motor pathways.
Researchers found that pigeons increase slow-wave sleep to recover from sleep loss, mirroring human brain function. This discovery sheds light on the role of sleep in animals and may provide insights into human sleep patterns.
Research by the University of Exeter and Queen's University Belfast shows that providing extra food to garden birds in winter makes for a more successful breeding season in the spring. Birds that receive extra food, such as peanuts, lay eggs earlier and produce more fledglings.
Scientists have found that male Anna's hummingbirds create a distinctive chirping sound by spreading their tail feathers during dive displays, which is used to attract females and deter rivals. The unique mechanism, similar to the whistling of ducks, sheds new light on bird sound production.
Scientists have found that avian flu viruses must bind to umbrella-shaped alpha 2-6 glycan receptors to infect humans. This new interpretation explains inconsistencies in previous models and could aid in the development of vaccines against a deadly flu pandemic.
Scientists have found that natural variation is a built-in mechanism to allow the nervous system to explore and maintain motor skills, even in highly practiced skills like those seen in top athletes and musicians. This discovery has implications for rehabilitating patients following strokes and other damage to the nervous system.
A recent study published in Conservation Biology found that threatened bird species tend to have their ranges overestimated by 40-70% compared to actual surveys. This overestimation is particularly pronounced for narrow-ranging and specialized species, which are also more vulnerable to extinction.
Researchers found that avian polyomaviruses spread through an 'upwards vertical' route, from offspring to parents via nestling faeces, highlighting a previously unnoticed cost of parental care. This study may open new research agendas on the evolution of virulence and coevolution of vectors, viruses, and hosts in the wild.
Researchers found that reducing FoxP2 levels impaired zebra finch song development, showing a critical role for the gene in vocal learning. This similarity with humans suggests shared molecular substrates for vocal learning across species.
Researchers at Princeton University discovered that migrating adult sparrows possess an internal navigational map, enabling them to find their way after being thrown off course by thousands of miles. In contrast, juvenile birds, lacking experience, use only a compass to orient themselves southward and struggle to adjust their flight plan.
Research on male dark-eyed juncos reveals that fluctuations in testosterone levels drive males to seek mates but also cause them to lose interest in parenting. Males with stable testosterone levels are more likely to invest time and energy in parenting, while those with fluctuating levels exhibit mixed behavior.
Researchers investigated the evolution of army-ant following in tropical bird species, revealing specialization categories from casual to professional dependency. The study found army-ant following has persisted for millions of years, with implications for bird populations facing threats like deforestation and global warming.
Research finds that female bird species develop a sexual preference for males of their own species, driven by genes on the sex chromosome inherited from the father. This discovery sheds light on how new species are formed and may explain the existence of new species despite occasional hybridization.
A team of researchers from the University of Wisconsin-Madison identified a single change in a viral protein that facilitates the H5N1 avian flu virus's ability to infect the upper respiratory system in mammals. This adaptation enables efficient transmission through coughing and sneezing, potentially setting the stage for a pandemic.
A study published by the University of Washington found that urban bird species can endure a wider range of environmental conditions than their rural counterparts. The researchers discovered that these birds have adapted to survive in cities, which are often harsher habitats than their natural environments.
New evidence from a tiny Mongolian dinosaur suggests that small size evolved before flight in dinosaurs, forcing paleontologists to re-examine their assumptions about the evolution of birds. The study found that some dinosaur lineages actually increased in size over time, contradicting previous theories.
Research published in Biology Letters finds that dog-walking in bushland causes a significant reduction in bird diversity and abundance, with ground-dwelling birds most affected. The study's findings support the long-term prohibition of dog-walking from sensitive conservation areas.
In a study on the superb fairy-wren, researchers found that mothers who receive child-care assistance from helpers produce smaller eggs with less nutritious yolks, allowing them to live longer and breed more often. This unique adaptation suggests that helper birds may play a crucial role in the survival of some bird species.
Researchers have linked unpredictable rainfall to cooperative breeding in birds, particularly among African starlings living in savannas. This evolutionary adaptation allows more chicks to survive over long periods of uncertain environmental conditions.
African starlings exhibit cooperative breeding behavior in savannas with high rainfall uncertainty, maximizing reproductive success. The strategy may become more widespread as environmental variability increases due to climate change.
A CU-Boulder study found that bird presence in conifers increases tree growth by up to one-third, removing damaging insects. The study's findings suggest a complex relationship between birds and trees, with implications for forest health and management.