Articles tagged with Brain
A new study led by Emily Kroska found that people who acknowledge and address their emotions during stressful times report lower stress levels than those who avoid identifying with their emotions. By maintaining relationships and engaging in valued activities, individuals can increase their psychological flexibility and reduce distress.
Researchers found that AI techniques are being used to process information about brain structure and connectivity, assess surgical candidacy, and predict disease trajectory. However, they emphasize the need for explainable algorithms to ensure trust in algorithmic prescriptions or diagnoses.
The study reveals how information flows between neuronal network clusters and how these clusters self-optimize over time. The findings can open new research directions for biologically inspired artificial intelligence, detection of brain cancer and diagnosis.
Researchers will examine associations between traumatic stress-related accelerated cellular aging and subsequent brain health among veterans. The study aims to contribute to new targeted interventions to slow the pace of cellular aging and improve overall health.
Researchers discovered that remote ischemic postconditioning therapy can lead to better recovery outcomes for people who have received clot-busting drugs after a stroke. In the study, 72% of participants who received the therapy had favorable recovery scores compared to 50% of those who did not.
Researchers at Université catholique de Louvain have discovered a link between the brain and intestinal bacteria that plays a crucial role in regulating sugar levels in the blood. The study found that a particular lipid acts on the gut 'second brain' to restore communication and reduce diabetes risk.
Researchers used fMRI to compare brain activity in humans and dogs while watching videos of other animals. Dog brains showed no face-specific activation, unlike humans, but did display species preference for viewing a dog over a human.
Researchers at UVA Cancer Center developed a set of metrics to evaluate care provided for brain metastases, aiming to enhance treatment decisions and coordination. The findings, published in JCO Oncology Practice, will help hospitals improve their interdisciplinary treatment programs.
Researchers have found that EEG-based BCI speller output can be easily manipulated by tiny adversarial noise, exposing a critical security concern. This manipulation can lead to user frustration or severe misdiagnosis in clinical applications.
Researchers at NTNU found that handwriting creates more activity in the brain's sensorimotor parts, leading to better learning and memory. The study suggests that children should receive minimum handwriting training to develop their cognitive skills.
Researchers create detailed models of tip links, crucial components of the inner ear, to shed light on how hearing works. The study reveals key dynamics and interactions between proteins that form tip links, providing new insights into hearing loss and balance disorders.
Researchers conducted transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) on themselves and a group of volunteers in zero gravity to assess its safety and efficacy. The study aimed to compare TMS results under Earth's gravity to those in zero gravity, with potential implications for long-term space missions.
A new study reveals that microglia, immune cells in the brain, regulate behavioral responses by sensing neuronal activation and providing negative feedback. This novel mechanism of neuromodulation has implications for treating neurodegenerative and inflammatory diseases.
A study published in Neurology suggests that outpatients who receive professional rehabilitation training at home through live video consultations may recover their motor skills better than those who do their rehab in person. The study found greater increases in physical mobility and functional brain activity among the remote training ...
Engineers at UC Davis are developing interventions to stabilize blood flow and pressure within days of injury to improve functional recovery. They will use personalized 3D printed scaffolds and neural stem cells to regenerate lost connections in the spinal cord.
Researchers developed a new approach to study color perception in fruit flies, enabling simultaneous brain imaging and visual stimulation. The study found strain-specific sensitivities to colors among the fruit flies, with orange-eyed flies exhibiting increased sensitivity in the green range.
A computer brain circuit has identified a potential mechanism for impaired decision making in schizophrenia, linked to reduced activity of molecules called NDMA receptors. The model's results provide new insight that may inform future treatments for neuropsychiatric conditions.
Researchers at Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory have developed an AI tool that can efficiently recognize neurons in microscope images, significantly improving the accuracy of automated tracing and analysis. This breakthrough aims to untangle the mysteries of brain connectivity and enable humans to think about how brains work.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital have developed the Brain Age Index (BAI), a model that estimates brain aging through sleep data and electrical measurements during sleep. The BAI showed promise as a marker of dementia, correlating with neuropsychiatric scores from standard cognitive assessments.
Researchers at University of Missouri are developing an AI-powered detection system to identify and prevent deepfakes. The system will learn from a small number of examples and self-evolve to detect evolving techniques, providing real-time alerts to smartphone users.
Research reveals two gene mutations in nicotinic receptors may confer 'protection' against cocaine addiction by modulating an early phase in the addiction cycle. The mutations reduce voluntary intake of cocaine and slow transition from first use to signs of addiction.
A research team from the German Primate Center found that lemurs' average cognitive performance in tests was not fundamentally different from other primate species. Despite smaller brains, lemurs showed domain-specific cognitive skills similar to those of monkeys and great apes.
A recent study published in the European Journal of Pain found that holding a newborn baby against their parent's skin dampens brain activity in response to painful stimuli. This suggests that touch between parents and their newborns plays an important role in pain processing and development.
Researchers at Center for BrainHealth used 7-Tesla MRS to differentiate energy molecules in the brains of patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, a condition that may lead to Alzheimer's disease. The findings could help develop tests for early detection and treatment of Alzheimer's.
A world-first study has found that severely overweight individuals are less likely to re-wire their brains and form new neural pathways. This impairment in brain plasticity makes it harder for them to learn new tasks and remember things, with significant implications for people recovering from strokes or brain injuries. Obesity is asso...
The study found that patients who participated in the SMART program made more informed decisions about their medical treatment options six months later. The SMART protocol helps improve gist reasoning abilities, enabling patients to focus on key facts and make decisions aligned with their personal values.
A new study suggests that excessive fructose metabolism in the brain may be a key driver of Alzheimer's disease. The research proposes that high fructose levels disrupt cerebral metabolism and neuronal function, leading to progressive loss of energy and eventual neuronal death.
Researchers at Medical University of South Carolina found that genetic variation in three specific brain genes can predict the effectiveness of naltrexone in treating alcohol use disorder. Patients with certain combinations of gene variations showed consistently reduced drinking when taking naltrexone, making personalized medicine a po...
Researchers at Oregon State University have found that vitamin E is crucial for the normal development of the brain and nervous system in embryos. The study used zebrafish as a model organism and found that those with a deficiency in vitamin E had malformed brains and nervous systems, leading to embryo death.
Researchers have identified two variants of Parkinson's disease, with one starting in the intestines and spreading to the brain, and another starting in the brain and affecting the intestines and heart. This discovery could lead to personalized medicine and new treatment options for patients.
A new study published in Emotion journal found that older adults who took weekly 15-minute 'awe walks' for eight weeks reported increased positive emotions and less distress. Participants showed a visible shift in their selfies, featuring landscapes instead of themselves, and experienced significant boosts in daily prosocial emotions.
Researchers have discovered that a deadly combination of two mosquito-borne viruses may trigger stroke in adults. A new study published in The Lancet Neurology found that patients infected with both Zika and chikungunya were more likely to experience stroke, which could be caused by either virus alone.
Researchers found that male chimpanzees who lose their mothers early in life are less competitive and have fewer offspring. Chimpanzee mothers provide support throughout prolonged childhood years, which is likely a trait shared with humans six to eight million years ago.
A new model explains why sleep times decrease as brains get bigger, identifying a sharp transition at around 2.4 years of age in humans where primary purpose of sleep shifts from reorganization to repair. The research ties phylogeny and ontogeny into a unified framework.
The Human Brain Project is launching a new webinar series called 'Brain Matters', featuring hour-long sessions on different areas of brain research. Expert speakers will share their knowledge on the HBP's scientific achievements and the state-of-the-art infrastructure for brain research, EBRAINS.
Researchers discovered that cortical representations of new words form in just 1-2 hours after exposure, suggesting a faster-than-thought process. This finding has implications for diagnosing speech disorders and improving language learning efficiency.
A recent Finnish twin study reveals that smoking is the primary cause of subarachnoid hemorrhages, which account for up to half of all deaths within months of the haemorrhage. The research indicates a strong causal link between smoking and fatal brain haemorrhages, highlighting the importance of quitting or never starting smoking.
Researchers used closed-loop, acoustic stimulation neurotechnology to alleviate insomnia symptoms and improve autonomic nervous system function. Participants showed clinically meaningful reductions in insomnia symptoms and significant improvements in autonomic cardiovascular regulation after just three weeks of treatment.
The conference features research on cutting-edge topics such as computational health, machine learning for wireless networks, and the impact of 5G technologies. MobiCom 2020 also highlights keynotes from experts in the field, including a discussion on brain-computer interfaces and the future of 5G infrastructure.
Researchers found that asymptomatic breast cancer patients with brain metastases had fewer and smaller tumors, received less aggressive treatment, and lived longer than those who developed symptoms. The study suggests that early detection of brain metastases could improve survival rates for these patients.
A new study published in Stroke Journal Report found a significant link between smoking and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), a type of bleeding stroke. Heavy and moderate smokers had three times the risk of fatal SAH, while light smokers had slightly less risk.
Researchers at UMass Amherst and Baylor College of Medicine developed a new method to protect deep neural networks from catastrophic forgetting, inspired by the brain's 'replay' ability. The method, called generative replay, generates high-level representations of previously seen data, preventing the network from forgetting earlier lea...
Researchers have developed two new spectral variants of dLight1 sensor, allowing for the simultaneous assessment of dopamine and other neurochemical release. These sensors provide high resolution, real-time imaging of the spatial and temporal release of dopamine in live animals.
Research from the University of Kent found that TRESK plays a crucial role in regulating the brain's central circadian clock. Lowering TRESK levels disrupted the biological rhythm, causing the clock to lose its day-night association.
Researchers detected hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs) in the fetal brain of a Japanese macaque, revealing their transfer from maternal blood. The study suggests that OH-PCB concentrations may exceed levels that induce adverse effects on neurodevelopment, highlighting the need for further research on human exposure risks.
Researchers at the University of Warwick have developed a training tool to reduce motion sickness susceptibility by over 50% using visuospatial exercises. This method has shown promise in both driving simulators and on-road experimentation, with potential applications in autonomous vehicles and other domains.
A new program will continue dementia surveillance and invigorate the brain donation program using FHS participants' cognitive assessments and brain imaging. The program aims to identify genetic and biomarker factors related to Alzheimer's disease and develop strategies to preserve cognition.
Even mild concussions can lead to severe and long-lasting impairments in the brain's ability to clean itself of toxins, potentially seeding Alzheimer's disease and dementia. The discovery sheds light on why repeated brain injuries are so harmful and suggests a reason for varying effects among individuals.
Researchers have identified a potential early biomarker, FABP4, for detecting autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in preschool-aged children. Lower levels of FABP4 were found in the blood of children with ASD compared to typically developing children.
A study at Georgetown University found that individuals with strong implicit pattern learning abilities are more likely to hold stronger beliefs in a higher power. The research spanned two cultural groups and found a connection between cognitive processes and religious belief.
A new study of NCAA football players has found that the age they first started playing tackle football may not affect their recovery after a concussion. The study, which involved 621 athletes, tested their symptom severity and performance on thinking and memory tests after experiencing a recent concussion.
A Danish university lecturer experimented with banning screens in discussion lessons, resulting in greater student presence, improved engagement, and deeper learning. The study suggests that humans can't multitask, and a more analog approach leads to better retention of knowledge.
Researchers at the University of Münster discovered glial cells' active role in controlling signal transduction speed and precision. The study found that glial cells form membrane processes between axons, preventing electrical coupling and ensuring accurate neuronal signaling.
Researchers from OHSU have identified astrocytes in zebrafish, a key cell type for brain development and function. This discovery will enable studies on neurodegenerative diseases like autism spectrum disorder and schizophrenia.
A study using iPSC technology reveals astrocytes' role in PD pathology, including altered alpha-synuclein production and disrupted calcium homeostasis. The findings suggest LRRK2 and GBA mutant astrocytes contribute to PD progression.
Research at Hiroshima University found that mice offspring of mothers on high omega-6 fat diets show hedonic consumption of hyper-caloric diets, driven by dopamine release in the brain. This imbalance primes offspring for obesity.
Researchers at UC Berkeley found a correlation between poor sleep quality and increased beta-amyloid plaques in the brain, indicating an earlier onset of Alzheimer's disease. Deep non-REM slow-wave sleep has been identified as a potential target for intervention against cognitive decline.
Researchers studied the binding of general anesthetics and benzodiazepines to the GABAA receptor in the brain. They found that both types of drugs can bind to multiple sites on the receptor, with differences between them. This discovery could lead to the development of new, more selective anesthetics with fewer side effects.
A recent MSK study discovered a direct link between inflammation and Alzheimer's disease development, highlighting the role of protein IFITM3 in plaque formation. Researchers found that removing IFITM3 reduced amyloid plaques in a mouse model, suggesting a potential biomarker for early detection.
Researchers at Florida Atlantic University have made significant progress in understanding the role of serotonin in autism. The study found that a specific mutation in the serotonin transporter protein can lead to altered serotonin levels and behavior changes, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms of autism. Further work is neede...