Articles tagged with Brain
Researchers found that drugs like TXA and EACA associated with a four-to-six-fold increase in post-operative seizures. Adjusting these drug doses and maintaining sedation levels can help reduce the risk of seizure.
A study found that women with Alzheimer's disease exhibit greater gray matter loss in the brain compared to men, with differences observed in regional atrophy patterns. This discovery has important implications for the development of therapies for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers discovered changes in brain connectivity after mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI), which may lead to improved diagnosis and treatment of post-concussion syndrome. The study found decreased functional connectivity in the posterior network of the brain, correlated with neurocognitive dysfunction.
Researchers have identified a molecular pathway driving Alzheimer's disease progression, revealing new targets for drug discovery. The study found that clusterin acts to switch on a signalling pathway associated with tau tangle formation and cognitive defects.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered that a protein known for causing cancer cells to spread is also involved in brain repair. The study, published in Nature Communications, suggests new avenues for treating degenerative brain diseases like Alzheimer's.
Researchers found that brain activity oscillates in sync with sounds we hear, influencing our ability to detect fleeting gaps in music. The study's findings suggest that the brain uses rhythmic fluctuations to prepare for important incoming information, potentially aiding individuals with hearing loss or stuttering.
Researchers combine EEG and fMRI data to transform brain wave patterns into free-form music, providing a platform for scientists and artists to better understand the links between music and the human brain. The study reveals an improved method to reflect the physiological processes of the scale-free brain in music.
Researchers will explore how the brain exerts 'cognitive control' over thoughts and behavior, revealing its role in tasks like planning and problem-solving. The study aims to improve cognitive control in healthy individuals and restore it in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Researchers found that L-DOPA can compensate for lost dopamine in motor pathways, improving symptoms. However, it also increased dopamine in reward pathways, which may have unanticipated effects on emotion and attention.
A recent hypothesis suggests that humans are losing intellectual and emotional capabilities due to the susceptibility of genes involved in brain function to mutations. The author estimates that within 3000 years, we have sustained two or more harmful mutations affecting our stability.
Researchers at The Scripps Research Institute identify a new pathway regulated by HDAC4 that plays a major role in information processing. This discovery offers insight into how imbalances in this pathway contribute to cognitive abnormalities in humans.
A phase 2 study reports that the combination of lapatinib and capecitabine reduces brain tumour size by at least 50% in two-thirds of women with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer. This treatment delays radiotherapy, which can impair cognitive function, offering a potential advance for patients.
Researchers discovered that fruit fly larvae with simple eyes can assemble complex images using rapid head scanning, challenging traditional views on vision. The study suggests the brain plays a crucial role in processing visual input, enabling organisms to recognize details and patterns despite limited visual acuity.
Recent studies claiming to use brain scans for autism diagnosis are flawed and unreliable. Researchers need to conduct large-scale multicenter studies to understand the biological basis of autism.
The OU research team is combining robotics, machine learning, and brain imaging to assist infants with cerebral palsy in mastering crawling behavior. The project aims to develop new robot platforms that can enhance infant mobility and delay cognitive development delays.
Researchers at Rhode Island Hospital found that near-complete blood flow restoration is necessary to restore neurological function following stroke. The study suggests that partial restoration is not enough to improve patient outcomes, including the preservation of fine and gross motor skills, speech and behavior.
An autism intervention program that emphasizes social interactions has been found to improve cognitive skills and brain responses to faces, a building block for social skills. The program improved attention and cognition brain activity to social stimuli, making the brain function patterns more similar to typical developing children.
A new model of mindfulness proposes a framework of complex brain mechanisms, including self-awareness, regulation, and transcendence. The S-ART framework explains the neurobiological mechanisms underlying mindfulness practice, reducing biases and negative thoughts while enhancing positive relationships with oneself and others.
Researchers found that human math abilities are connected to a primitive sense of magnitude, while animals rely on instincts. The study showed that people with better math skills can distinguish between smaller numbers.
Scientists at Lund University are using optogenetics to investigate the behavior of transplanted brain cells in a model of Parkinson's disease. The study aims to determine whether light can be used to reinforce dopamine production and improve the effectiveness of nerve cell transplantation.
Researchers at Salk Institute discover diabetes increases amyloid beta and tau protein levels, leading to accelerated brain aging. The study suggests the neurovascular system as a potential therapeutic target for early-stage Alzheimer's treatment.
The 25th ECNP Congress showcased innovative research on brain disorders, highlighting the importance of neuroscience in prevention and treatment. Key findings included new insights into neural plasticity and its potential for novel treatments.
Research found that self-affirmation enhances performance by making individuals more receptive to errors and allowing for better correction, as indicated by a stronger error-related negativity response in the brain. This study suggests that self-affirmation can be an effective strategy to improve self-control and reduce distress.
A breakthrough study found that brainwave training enhances a cognitive-control network in just 30 minutes, leading to reduced mind-wandering. The study used neurofeedback to train participants' brains and showed significant changes in brain activity and behavior.
Baycrest's Mindfull e-cookbook provides a science-based approach to brain health, offering 100 delicious recipes to support cognitive function. The book debunks myths about nutrition and offers tips on how to boost brain function through food choices.
Researchers found that parents consistently rate their children as less worried and more optimistic than the children themselves. The study suggests that parental positivity bias should be taken into account when evaluating children's emotional well-being.
A new study provides mathematical support for the 'grandmother hypothesis,' which proposes that humans evolved longer adult lifespans due to grandmothers' care. The simulations indicate that with only a little bit of grandmothering, animals with chimpanzee lifespans evolve into humans in less than 60,000 years.
A researcher at Georgia State University is studying how the body's internal clock is reset, which could lead to a better understanding of sleep disorders and other health issues. The grant-funded project aims to uncover the chemical process involved in resetting the clock using light exposure.
Researchers at Penn are developing programs to help people change high-risk behaviors, such as smoking and overeating, by enhancing the brain's cognitive control system. The study aims to assess the effects of neurocognitive training on decision-making processes and their impact on cancer risk.
Researchers found that individuals who engaged in regular physical exercise experienced less brain shrinkage compared to those with minimal physical activity over a three-year period. The study also showed no significant benefit from mentally and socially stimulating activities on brain size.
Researchers found that dolphins can use echolocation with near-perfect accuracy continuously for up to 15 days. Unihemispheric sleep allows them to remain alert and breathe at the surface of water even when half-asleep.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found a significant association between myasthenia gravis and impaired sense of smell, comparable to Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's. The study suggests that myasthenia gravis may involve the brain, contrary to its traditional peripheral nervous system classification.
Researchers have developed a new treatment for traumatic brain injury (TBI), using nanoparticles to rapidly restore blood flow to the brain. In laboratory rats, the nanoparticles acted like antioxidants, reducing free-radical buildup and killing brain cells.
Scientists at the University of Leeds found that prion protein regulates zinc absorption in brain cells, linking it to memory and learning capabilities. The study may lead to new treatments for neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's.
Studies reveal that diet influences brain mechanisms linked to obesity, diabetes, binge eating, and high-calorie meal cravings. Researchers aim to develop new treatments and raise awareness about the mental health implications of dietary choices.
Researchers discovered two compounds, IC87201 and ZL006, that disrupt nitrous oxide production in the brain, reducing fear responses in rats. The findings suggest that disrupting this process may offer a means of preventing long-term post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms.
A new analysis suggests that brain size relative to body size is driven by different evolutionary mechanisms in different animals, with changes in body size often occurring independently of changes in brain size.
A study found that high beta amyloid plaque levels associated with Alzheimer's disease can lead to steeper memory decline in healthy older individuals. The research used PET brain scans and cognitive assessments to track participants over a year and a half, revealing a significant correlation between plaque accumulation and memory loss.
Researchers found that humans tend to alter language to make it clearer and more concise, striking a balance between effort and clarity. This bias towards efficiency acts as a filter, introducing common patterns across languages.
Researchers have discovered potential new targets for treating depression by modulating dopamine cells and the innate immune system in mice. Increasing activity of dopamine neurons produced depressed behavior, while inhibiting them eased symptoms.
Luke Remage-Healey, a UMass Amherst neuroscientist, has been awarded the 2012 Frank A. Beach Award for his significant contributions to the field of behavioral neuroendocrinology. His research on the regulation of brain function and behavior by steroid hormones in zebra finches is gaining mainstream momentum.
A new study finds that near-misses are perceived as frustrating losses, stimulating the brain's reward systems and promoting addictive behavior. This leads to increased skin conductance responses and a desire to spin again quickly.
Researchers have discovered a way to generate new human neurons from pericytes, a type of adult cell in the brain. This breakthrough has strong potential for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
A 2-year-old hominin child's skull fragment unearthed in Tanzania shows signs of anemia-induced porotic hyperostosis due to a diet lacking in meat. The discovery suggests that meat consumption became essential for proper functioning, leading to brain development and evolution.
Two outstanding studies won top honors at the Canadian Stroke Congress, one discovering brain recovery abilities after stroke and another developing a diagnostic tool predicting clinical outcomes. The studies aim to improve treatment decisions and patient care.
The Alberta Provincial Stroke Strategy has led to increased brain scans and targeted patient care for stroke patients. Researchers found a 18% increase in swallowing screen usage and a 27% rise in designated stroke unit care, resulting in fewer health complications.
Researchers found significant improvements in overall brain function, with most improvement in attention, concentration, planning and organizing. Muscular strength and walking ability also increased.
A new study by Professor Nilli Lavie and colleagues found that focusing on remembering an image can lead to 'blindness' in detecting visual information. The research, published in the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, reveals a pathway of competition in the brain between new visual information and short-term memory.
A study found that transplantation within a 72-hour time window resulted in early functional recovery and reduced brain atrophy. The optimal therapeutic time window was determined to be between 72 hours and 120 hours after stroke onset, with no benefit observed when transplanted at 14 days.
A study published in Behavioral Neuroscience found that repeated fluoxetine administration to adolescent hamsters increased offensive aggression and altered brain areas related to aggression control. The research suggests that clinically relevant doses of fluoxetine during adolescence can dramatically alter brain circuitry implicated i...
Researchers at the University of Sheffield and Sussex aim to build flying robots that can sense and act autonomously like bees. They will use computer models of the systems governing a honey bee's vision and sense of smell to achieve this goal.
A new study defines boredom as a mental state fueled by attention failures, leading to frustration and potential dangers such as accidents, impulse control issues, and mortality. The researchers aim to stimulate further research to understand and address the issue.
A Northwestern University study reveals that our brains make complex decisions for us without our knowledge or consent. Researchers found that even when people are aware of the trick, their brains still rely on visual information to guide hand movements.
A study published in PLOS ONE reveals that our brains prioritize detecting new sounds over detecting when a sound disappears. In busy environments, participants often miss more than half of changes and experience longer reaction times to detect oncoming sounds.
A Concordia researcher is developing a system that converts physiological displays of emotion into music. The music is used to teach individuals with autism disorders how to identify feelings by externalizing them through sound. By tapping into the brain's electrical signals, researchers can create an emotional symphony.
Researchers from Ruhr-University Bochum report that impaired protein degradation causes muscle diseases, including filaminopathies. The study found that protection mechanisms against abnormal protein deposits do not work properly in patients, opening up new avenues for therapies.
A 15-year study found that brain parts can respond to evolutionary stimuli independently, contradicting previous concerted evolution theories. The research identified specific gene sets controlling the size of different brain parts, with little correlation between overall brain and body sizes.
A study published in the Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience found that brain white matter can change and adapt in response to long-term learning processes. Using diffusion tensor imaging, researchers observed significant structural changes in adults learning a complex skill over time.
Researchers have discovered how chemical agents bind to and detect amyloid beta plaques and tau tangles in the brain, enabling quicker diagnosis and earlier treatment. The study's findings will speed the development of new imaging agents, providing potential benefits for patients with early Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at Harvard University have successfully controlled the behavior of worms by manipulating their neurons with precise laser beams. By hijacking key neurons, they can instruct the worm to perform specific actions, such as turning in a desired direction or responding to fake sensory inputs.