Articles tagged with Cornea
A species of lipid DOPG has been found to aid healing of scratches on the cornea, even in humans with diabetes. The lipid stimulates cell growth and inhibits toll-like receptor activation, paving the way for potential clinical trials and treatment protocols.
Kyoto University scientists develop a device that mimics the movement of tears and blinking eyes, allowing for more accurate testing of ophthalmic drugs. The device shows promise in increasing filament production in corneal cells, potentially leading to improved ocular drug development.
A new study at Kellogg Eye Center finds that reducing opioid pills prescribed after cornea surgery doesn't compromise pain control, with most patients using only four pills. The policy change also leads to more responsible pill disposal practices.
Jayne S. Weiss, MD, has been awarded the 2020 Castroviejo Award for her outstanding work on corneal dystrophies, particularly Schnyder corneal dystrophy. Her research focuses on genetic mapping and pathophysiology of corneal diseases, making significant contributions to the field.
Researchers in Kyoto have developed a 'quantitative biomarker' to assess the quality of corneal cells, allowing for prediction of their long-term efficacy through simple observation. This breakthrough has potential applications in preemptive medicine, enabling clinicians to intervene before severe symptoms appear.
Keratoconus, an eye condition affecting 1 in 2,000, is caused by genetic and environmental factors, including UV light and vigorous eye rubbing. Researchers are exploring gene mutations, mitochondrial function and oxidative stress to develop new diagnostic tools and treatments.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed an artificial cornea using 3D printing technology, replicating the human corneal structure. The cornea is made from decellularized corneal stroma and stem cells, offering transparency similar to the human cornea.
A phase I/II clinical trial of an enzyme-based treatment found reduced signs of disease and discomfort in participants with severe dry eye disease. The treatment, DNase, was shown to be safe and effective in improving corneal health and reducing symptoms.
Researchers at Newcastle University develop a potential revolutionary way to treat eye injuries and prevent blindness by using an enzyme to soften the tissue hosting stem cells. This approach has important implications for developing new ways to heal corneal damage, which affects almost 500,000 people worldwide.
Researchers developed a biomaterial called GelCORE that can seal cuts or ulcers on the cornea and encourage regeneration of corneal tissue without surgery. The technology uses light-activated chemicals and has shown promising results in preclinical studies.
The USPSTF reaffirms its recommendation for using an antibiotic ointment to prevent gonococcal eye infections in all newborns. This infection can spread to the cornea and cause blindness as early as 24 hours after birth, with transmission rates of 30% to 50% from mother to newborn.
Researchers created a self-curving cornea by molding cells to form a desired shape, mimicking the natural cornea. The 4D tissue structure was achieved through innovative cell actuators that forced surrounding tissue to move in a predetermined manner.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham have discovered a characteristic of the Descemet membrane that can cause difficulties for surgeons performing corneal transplants. The study found that elastin, an elastic-like fiber, governs the direction of the membrane's roll and may be responsible for its unidirectional behavior.
Researchers found that injecting vasoactive intestinal peptide into the eye of mice significantly improved corneal graft survival. The treatment accelerated endothelial wound closure and protected corneal endothelial cells, leading to clearer grafts. This breakthrough could lead to better outcomes for patients with corneal disease.
Researchers at Columbia University have developed a new non-invasive approach to permanently correct vision. The technique uses a low-powered ultrafast laser to alter biochemical and biomechanical properties of collagenous tissue, resulting in changes in corneal curvature and refractive power.
Scientists at Newcastle University successfully printed the first human corneas using a unique gel-like substance and 3D printing technology. The breakthrough could provide an unlimited supply of corneas for transplantation, addressing a significant shortage that affects millions worldwide.
A new diagnostic method uses corneal microscopy to detect nerve damage in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study found that corneal nerve density is lower in those with type 2 diabetes, with increased reduction over time.
Researchers found that very long-chain meibum is essential for preventing dry eye disease. Mice with deleted Elovl1 gene developed cloudy corneas and signs of dry eye disease after five months.
A study found that corneal donor tissue can be preserved for up to 11 days without affecting graft success rates. The researchers analyzed data from over 1,000 individuals and found that longer preservation times did not significantly impact the success of corneal transplantation.
A study found that the general public's limited understanding of human anatomy can impact the success of health screening campaigns targeting specific organs. The research revealed a surprising eagerness among the public to learn about anatomy, despite their knowledge gaps.
Researchers developed a new technique to grow artificial corneas with improved transparency and strength by controlling the alignment of cells in a dish. This breakthrough could provide a solution for the shortage of donated corneal tissues and offer a practical alternative to plastic corneas.
Vitamin D deficiency may impair corneal healing in individuals with underlying health issues, such as diabetes. Research suggests that vitamin D plays a role in cell communication and connectivity, which is essential for proper wound healing.
Researchers have identified heparanase, an enzyme present in the cornea, as a key factor in promoting and sustaining inflammation after HSV-1 infection. Elevated levels of heparanase trigger damage to tissue junctions and lead to pro-inflammatory cytokine production.
Researchers developed a novel strategy using cytokines TGF-β and IL-10 to promote tolerance in high-risk corneal transplant patients. Treating donor tissue with this combination improved graft survival rates by 68.7%, offering a promising approach for reducing rejection.
A genome-wide association study reveals three novel genomic loci linked to Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), a condition affecting the cornea and causing progressive vision loss. The findings provide new insights into the disease's pathology and potential therapeutic targets.
Dr. Mary Ann Stepp's research on corneal wound healing has been continuously funded for 32 years, with a new $2.8M grant continuing her studies on the role of nerves in wound healing. Her team uses the cornea to study cell migration and epithelial cell adhesion, shedding light on general wound healing and cancer metastasis.
Researchers developed an innovative procedure to transplant the Bowman layer, stabilizing 90% of eyes and improving corrected vision to 20/200. The technique may enable patients to wear extended contact lenses and is safer than traditional full corneal transplantation.
Researchers are testing two new treatments for presbyopia, a condition that causes blurry near vision. Femtosecond laser reshaping of corneal tissue and electrostimulation have shown potential benefits over traditional procedures.
For the first time, researchers have identified rapidly proliferating cells in the corneal endothelium of specimens from normal corneas and those with Fuchs' Endothelial Corneal Dystrophy (FECD). This discovery holds promise for new therapies to be developed using these cells to return normal clearing abilities to patients with FECD.
Scientists at Cornell University have developed a model system to test drugs against feline herpes virus 1 (FHV-1) in cats. Early results show that the antiretroviral drug raltegravir is effective against FHV-1, even when administered once daily.
A new study suggests that donor and recipient gender incompatibility may lead to poorer corneal transplant outcomes for women. Incompatible grafts were found to fail or be rejected more frequently in men-to-female mismatched transplants, highlighting the importance of gender matching in improving patient success rates.
A recent study published in the American Journal of Transplantation found that gender matching is crucial for successful corneal transplants. Women who receive male donor corneas are more likely to experience rejection and failure, with a higher proportion of mismatched grafts failing or rejecting compared to female-to-female transplan...
A new, minimally invasive procedure called Descemet stripping has shown promise in treating Fuchs endothelial dystrophy (FED), a common eye disease. The procedure restored clear vision to three out of four patients without the need for corneal transplants.
A researcher at the University of Houston is developing a new technique to map the cornea's structural integrity using high-resolution imaging and mechanical mapping. This emerging field, optical elastography, holds promise for early diagnosis and treatment of kerataconus, a progressive thinning of the cornea that affects about one in ...
Researchers developed a new technique to selectively stiffen corneal tissue using two-photon absorption, enabling precise crosslinking without damaging the innermost layer. This approach has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for keratoconus patients and may also be useful for tissue engineering applications.
Accurate IOP measurement is crucial for managing glaucoma and identifying high-risk patients. Newer methods like Dynamic Contour Tonometry offer alternative solutions for patients with abnormal corneas, but limitations remain.
Researchers at Wayne State University have discovered that dendritic cells play a crucial role in guiding sensory nerve regeneration after wounding, but their interactions are disrupted in diabetic corneas. The study found that applying exogenous CNTF and its soluble receptor CNTFR-alpha can partially reverse the adverse effects of dia...
Researchers at Cardiff University have successfully transplanted human stem cells into rabbits with corneal blindness, repairing the front of the eye and restoring vision. The study demonstrates the generation of multiple eye tissues, including the lens, cornea, and conjunctiva, from human induced pluripotent stem cells.
Research links dry eye to multiple chronic pain conditions, including neuropathic ocular pain. A multidisciplinary approach may benefit dry eye patients with underlying pain issues.
Humans can perceive polarized light with the naked eye using Haidinger's brushes, which appear as yellow bow ties at right angles to polarization angles. The study found average polarization sensitivity threshold of 56%, with some individuals detecting effects at lower percentages.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered a way to prevent rejection in corneal transplants using biodegradable nanoparticles that release medication into the eye after surgery. The treatment showed 100% efficacy in animal studies, offering hope for improving medicine compliance and patient outcomes.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology found that animals and humans have similar lash lengths, which control airflow around the eye. The ideal ratio is one-third the eye width, reducing dust and increasing moisture retention.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have found that wisdom teeth stem cells can transform into corneal cells to repair scarring. The discovery could lead to new treatments for corneal blindness, a condition affecting millions worldwide.
Scientists at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine have made a groundbreaking discovery in treating corneal injuries by using stem cells from a patient's own eye. The study found that these cells can regenerate healthy corneal tissue, clearing the cloudy surface and restoring vision.
Scientists at Disney Research Zurich developed a technique to capture detailed eye features, including shape, texture, and iris deformation. This enables the creation of realistic digital eyes that can respond to lighting changes.
Scientists replicated the structure of compound eyes to create miniature devices that emit light uniformly in all directions. The findings have potential applications for extremely wide field-of-view detectors, enabling new technologies.
Researchers at Harvard University have developed a method to collect the best cell type for regenerating damaged corneas, with purified human stem cells showing promise in improving long-term vision in mice. The discovery is expected to quickly translate into improved human therapies and could potentially restore the corneal surface.
Researchers discovered a new layer in the human cornea that plays a vital role in fluid flow from the eye. This finding could shed light on glaucoma, a devastating disease caused by defective drainage of fluid.
Researchers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center have identified gene expression regulators, microRNAs, in normal and diabetic human corneas, which may contribute to stem cell and epithelial abnormalities. The study aims to accelerate healing and repair processes in damaged corneas to reverse diabetes-induced eye complications.
A team of Wayne State University researchers identified transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling as a major pathway affected by hyperglycemia in DM corneal epithelial cells. Adding TGFβ3 to the wound accelerated epithelial wound closure, providing new treatment options for diabetic wound healing.
A national study funded by the National Eye Institute found that most corneal transplants from donors aged 34-71 have remarkable longevity, with success rates remaining steady at 75% after 10 years. Corneas from younger donors had higher success rates, while those from older donors showed slightly lower performance.
A new NIH-funded study found that cornea donation from donors aged 34-71 maintains high success rates after 10 years. While older donors may experience slightly lower success rates, the majority remain healthy and functional.
Researchers at University of Nottingham have identified a previously undetected layer in the human cornea, known as Dua's Layer. This breakthrough discovery could lead to safer and simpler surgical procedures for patients undergoing corneal grafts and transplants.
A new study found that wearing OK contact lenses every night can restore age-related loss of near vision, allowing patients to read and perform up-close tasks without bifocals or reading glasses. The technique is safe and reversible, with the cornea returning to its previous shape after stopping lens wear.
Researchers found that OK lenses primarily reshape the front of the cornea to correct myopia. After a 14-day treatment period, the changes were significant and vision improved substantially.
Researchers identified 27 genetic loci associated with central corneal thickness, a key factor in blinding eye conditions like glaucoma and keratoconus. This discovery offers new insights into the causes of these diseases, enabling better management and prevention.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have developed a new method for delivering stem cell therapy to treat corneal blindness. The technique uses biodegradable discs loaded with stem cells that can multiply and repair damaged eyes naturally. This approach has the potential to be more accessible and safer than current treatments.
Researchers at UC Berkeley discovered that corneal epithelial cells express small antimicrobial peptides to defend against bacterial infection. These peptides prevent bacteria from binding to epithelial cells and are crucial in protecting the eye against infections, as evidenced by mice lacking cytokeratin 6A being more susceptible.
Researchers developed a glue mixture that can improve the safety of LASIK eye surgery by reducing the need for cornea transplants. The adhesive, made from fibrinogen and riboflavin, was tested on dogfish sharks and rabbits and found to be effective in keeping the cornea's flap in place.
Researchers have developed a method to enhance adhesion of injected corneal endothelial cells, allowing for successful corneal transplantation and repair of pathological dysfunctions. Transplanting cultivated cells in combination with the ROCK inhibitor Y-27632 successfully restored corneal transparency in rabbit and monkey models.