Articles tagged with Insects
Bacteria and nematode worms work together to kill insects using insecticidal toxins. The toxins, found in Photorhabdus luminescens, are also found in human pathogens Yersinia pestis and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis.
University of Illinois researchers warn that higher corn prices are causing some farmers to ignore integrated pest management (IPM) strategies, which could undermine the effectiveness of technologies that sustain them. IPM is a set of principles developed to minimize ecological impacts of pesticides and transgenic crops.
A new study demonstrates classical conditioning of salivation in cockroaches, revealing sophisticated neural control of autonomic functions. The findings provide a useful model system for studying cellular basis of conditioning in insects.
Researchers discovered nearly a dozen additional heat-shock proteins that help insects survive cold temperatures. These proteins are essential for insect survival during diapause, a hibernation-like state that allows them to withstand low temperatures.
Researchers found that thale cress responds differently to various plant pests and microorganisms, with specific hormone compositions leading to unique gene expressions.
Researchers have identified a specific class of small peptide elicitors that help plants react to insect attack, triggering defensive chemistry and improving protection against pests. The discovery opens the door for genetic manipulation of plants with improved defense mechanisms.
Researchers found that Photorhabdus produces a special phenoloxidase inhibitor to protect itself against an enzyme used by insects' immune systems. This discovery provides conclusive evidence for a gene-for-gene interaction between the bacterium and the insect, shedding light on insect immune systems.
Female ixodid ticks exhibit remarkable weight gain following mating, with some species increasing in size up to 100 times their original size. This phenomenon is linked to the tick's unique lifestyle and reproductive strategy, which involves prolonged feeding periods and specialized signals triggered by copulation.
Scientists discovered that European Beewolf females deliberately cultivate bacteria in their antennae to shield their larvae from fungal infections. The bacteria produce antibiotics, significantly enhancing the larvae's chances of survival during hibernation.
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered genes in wheat that neutralize toxic compounds produced by the Hessian fly larvae, making them vulnerable to attack. The study provides insight into the biochemical mechanisms involved in insect-plant interactions and may lead to novel strategies for enhancing wheat resistance.
Researchers have created a fly-by-sight micro-helicopter that mimics the flight capabilities of insects, including takeoff, level flight, and landing. The study reveals how insects use optic flow to maintain their position relative to the ground, providing insights into previously unexplained observations about insect flight.
Scientists studying hawk moths discovered the Johnston's organ, a tiny structure above the antenna, senses movement and sends signals to the brain. The antennae guide the insect's body back to correct heading through a fine-tuned mechanism.
Researchers discovered the first human case of insect-transmitted Chagas parasite in Louisiana, with over half of collected insects carrying the parasite. The finding, while significant, does not represent a widespread public health concern due to limited rural housing conditions.
A newly identified wheat gene produces proteins that bind to the stomach lining of Hessian fly larvae, causing them to starve. The gene's role in creating resistance to Hessian flies was a surprise to researchers, who found that it triggers a localized defense response that reduces energy costs for the plant.
A graduate student has discovered 25 new spiders and one previously unknown species in Brazos County, expanding the knowledge of local natural resources. The study highlights the importance of diverse spider populations in maintaining ecosystem balance.
Researchers found that moths can detect and respond to bat calls, even when others cannot. The yellow underwing moth's ear adjusts its sensitivity in response to changing sound frequencies, allowing it to stay 'tuned' for up to several minutes after the call stops.
Researchers have identified two molecular receptors in fruit flies that detect carbon dioxide, a key factor in attracting blood-feeding insects. This finding could lead to the design of insect repellents to combat global infectious diseases.
Researchers discovered a new diamondback moth variety that can thrive on hyperaccumulator plants guarded by toxic levels of selenium. The moth's adaptation allows it to accumulate selenium like the plant, rendering its defense ineffective. This finding suggests a potential
Researchers have discovered that female wasps release a potent gas when losing fights over larvae, which could help control crop-destroying pests. This finding has great potential for applied spin-offs in biological control.
A team of biologists at the University of California - San Diego has identified 27 different Tweedle genes in fruit flies, which they believe strengthen the cuticle. This discovery could lead to novel insecticides as the gene family appears to be unique to insects.
A Mayo Clinic researcher has identified a unique enzyme residue in greenbugs and aphids that could be targeted by a new generation of pesticides. This discovery opens the door to creating safer pesticides that would not harm humans and animals.
A new study reveals that plataspid stinkbug gut symbionts have evolved in tandem with their hosts, sharing unique genetic traits. The symbiotic lifestyle is crucial for the stinkbugs' survival, and its influence on genome evolution has been observed.
Researchers have developed a highly sensitive NMR probe to analyze small samples, unlocking volumes of information from tiny amounts of venom. This breakthrough could aid in finding natural substances for medicines and advance understanding of Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers found that caterpillars evolved different physiological mechanisms to adjust to carbohydrate-rich and low-carbohydrate diets. This study suggests that animals can adapt metabolically to extreme nutritional environments, which may have implications for understanding the human obesity epidemic.
Scientists discover GAL83 gene that allows plants to store carbon in roots, reducing damage from herbivore attacks. This adaptation enables plants to withstand voracious insects and extend seed production period.
New fossil evidence reveals plant and insect diversity were out of balance during Paleocene Epoch. Insect predation was low in most areas, but unexpectedly high in two early Paleocene sites, Castle Rock and Mexican Hat.
A recent study published in Science found that the number of tree species consumed by rainforest insects is comparable to those in temperate forests. The research, led by University of Minnesota plant biologist George Weiblen, rejects the notion that tropical insects are picky eaters who prefer fewer host plants.
A recent study published in Science found a direct link between tropical tree species diversity and the diversity of leaf-eating insects. The research team compared insect feeding habits in temperate and tropical forests, concluding that higher tree diversity supports more insect species.
A new method, metabolic stress disinfection (MSDD), sucks the life out of bugs by subjecting them to alternating vacuum and carbon dioxide, effectively suffocating organisms. The technique could replace post-harvest pesticides and may complete phasing out ozone-depleting methyl bromide, reducing chemical costs and environmental impact.
Researchers discovered that the glassy-winged sharpshooter insect has a surprising symbiosis with two bacteria, Baumannia cicadellinicola and Sulcia muelleri. The bacteria receive essential amino acids, while the insect receives vitamins and cofactors from them.
A new study led by Seth Bordenstein found that the WO-B virus interferes with Wolbachia's ability to cause cytoplasmic incompatibility, reducing bacterial growth. The research may aid in controlling insect-borne diseases and could pave the way for future strategies to control these diseases.
A recent study compared how natural 'machines' and man-made technologies overcome similar problems, revealing that only 5% of natural machines rely on energy in the same way. Instead, insects, plants, birds, and mammals use the structure and organization of their body parts and behavior to solve problems.
Researchers develop polymer tape to simulate insect adhesive pads, revealing optimal leg attachment forces on smooth ceilings. The findings inspire wall and ceiling walking machines with micropatterned polymer feet.
Researchers have discovered a plant enzyme called Mir1-CP that protects corn from pests by degrading insects' peritrophic matrix. The enzyme accumulates at feeding sites within an hour of caterpillar feeding, causing impaired nutrient utilization and inhibiting growth.
Researchers found that wasps use biting to recruit new foragers, particularly those who haven't left the nest before. The study reveals a crucial role of biting in communication and task performance within colonies.
Researchers discovered that bats employ sophisticated techniques to locate prey in cluttered environments, including adjusting the timing and frequency of their ultrasonic pulses. By analyzing high-speed camera footage and audio recordings, the team found that bats 'strobe' the air with sound to distinguish insects from background noise.
Z. Jane Wang's research uses dragonflies as a model to study efficient flight, challenging conventional wisdom that airplanes are more efficient than birds. The study suggests that using aerodynamic drag can be beneficial for certain types of flight, and may inspire the development of flapping machines.
Scientists identified a gene TPS10 that produces a specific scent attracting parasitic wasps to damaged corn plants. The wasps needed an initial exposure to both the scent and the caterpillar to react properly.
A team of scientists from the University of Arizona found no net increase in resistance to Bt crops, with a decrease in resistance reported instead. This is contrary to experts' predictions when these crops were first commercialized. The use of refuges has driven pesticide use to historic low levels, saving growers $80 per acre.
Researchers are exploring possible links between biting water insects, water quality, and Buruli ulcer transmission, with the goal of understanding the disease's transmission. The study aims to identify potential insect vectors and man-made changes in water quality that may be contributing to the increase in Buruli ulcer infections.
Researchers found that MXC alters estrogen-regulated gene Hoxa10 in the reproductive tract, reducing embryo implantation ability. Exposure to MXC has been shown to induce abnormalities in female reproductive tract development and function.
Researchers are studying how insects recognize infection caused by microorganisms and the pathway of reactions that follow in their immune systems. The goal is to understand how to disrupt disease transmission by blood-feeding insects, such as mosquitoes.
The discovery of a diuretic hormone in malaria mosquitoes could lead to the development of a pesticide for controlling mosquitoes. The hormone, DH31, causes the mosquito to excrete fluid rich in sodium chloride, potentially leading to its death.
Researchers discovered a new protein, CBP21, that speeds up chitin degradation by breaking down its structure. This discovery has potential applications in combating fungi and producing biofuels.
Researchers discovered that hawkmoth caterpillars infected with non-pathogenic bacteria produce antibacterial peptides that confer resistance against lethal insect pathogens. This finding suggests that field-immunized insects may exhibit different immune responses than laboratory models, challenging the validity of current studies.
Researchers from Oregon State University and colleagues used digital particle imaging velocimetry to analyze the wing movement of hummingbirds. The study found that hummingbirds support 75% of their weight during the down stroke and 25% on the up stroke, unlike insects which produce equal amounts of lift during both strokes.
Researchers used digital particle imaging velocimetry to document the movement of air around a hummingbird's wings, revealing that it develops only 25% of its weight support during the upstroke. This unique wing structure enables hummingbirds to tap into 'leading edge vortices' and gain hovering ability.
Researchers found that concurrent use of single- and dual-gene Bt plants can put dual-gene plants at risk if single-gene plants are deployed in the same area. Dual-gene plants expressing two insecticidal proteins offer improved resistance to insects, but may be more vulnerable to resistance development.
A team of researchers found that plant-insect interactions were diverse and abundant in Patagonia 52 million years ago. The study reveals a legacy of ancient biodiversity that will help understand modern South American diversity.
Researchers found that Brown-headed cowbirds can affect the sex of host offspring, while commercial fishing led to changes in open-ocean fish communities. Additionally, a study on plant defense theory revealed that outbred plants are more resistant to certain insect herbivores.
A study published in Science identifies the master gene grainyhead as essential for wound repair in both fruit flies and mice. The researchers found that grainyhead is required to activate genes involved in cuticle repair, which then regenerate injured patches of skin.
A new study reveals that adult non-biting midges serve as vectors for the spread of cholera. The researchers found that these insects can carry and transmit the bacteria across continents through wind currents, air travel, and human migration.
Researchers used functional imaging to track plant nutrients in response to simulated attacks, finding that poplar trees divert more carbon to storage and isoprene production. This study has potential applications for improving plants' resistance to environmental challenges and studying their biochemical processes.
Researchers are studying entomopathogenic nematodes, tiny worms that kill insects by releasing bacteria inside their hosts. The goal is to develop non-chemical and non-toxic pest control programs using these natural agents.
Research from University of Bristol provides strongest evidence that disruptive patterns protect insects from birds, a predator that shaped evolution of protective coloration. By varying colors, size, and location of patterns on artificial moths, the team identified effective combinations that mimicked tree characteristics.
Scientists have discovered a gene responsible for an insect's sense of smell, which is highly conserved across four different species, including pests that target crops and human health. This finding could lead to the development of new pesticides and disease-controlling insect repellents by targeting the insects' sense of smell.
Researchers have discovered that an ancient olfaction protein is shared by many insects, including fruit flies, medflies, and mosquitoes. This finding suggests a high degree of evolutionary conservation of the protein's function in detecting odors, which could be exploited for developing novel pest control methods.
Researchers have discovered the molecular structure of a glycolipid receptor to which Bt toxin binds, potentially leading to more effective pesticides and new treatments for parasitic infections. The study's findings could also help prevent insect resistance to Bt toxins.
A new study by researchers Francisco Garcia-Gonzalez and Leigh Simmons shows that the proportion of live sperm in a male's ejaculate determines paternity success. The study used Australian field crickets to test the hypothesis that sperm viability influences insect paternity success.
Researchers discover human body odor plays a crucial role in mosquito attraction, with certain compounds acting as repellents or masking attractant components. The findings could lead to the development of safe, naturally occurring insect repellents more effective than conventional products.