Articles tagged with Lepidoptera
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Researchers studied the genetic basis of species formation in the Appalachian tiger swallowtail butterfly, a rare hybrid of Eastern and Canadian tiger swallowtails. The study reveals that hybrid speciation can create new combinations of life history and morphological traits, allowing colonization of novel environments.
Researchers found the Appalachian tiger swallowtail butterfly evolved from mixing between Eastern and Canadian tiger swallowtails, inheriting genes associated with cold habitats and mimicry. The butterfly has become significantly distinct from its parental species, with unique characteristics and genetic makeup.
The study reveals a spectacular degree of evolutionary divergence in the satyrine butterfly genus Calisto, with 34 species and 17 subspecies identified. This radiation is believed to have occurred over a period of 4-8 million years, driven by ancient dispersal events rather than plate tectonics.
A study by Duke University scientists found that low oxygen levels in caterpillars trigger a molt to the next stage of development, as their respiratory system is fixed in size. This discovery reveals a new factor regulating body size during specific developmental stages.
Researchers have discovered how butterflies mimic neighboring species to avoid being eaten by birds, using a 'supergene' that controls distinct wing-pattern forms. This phenomenon has puzzled scientists for centuries and is now understood to be controlled by a single gene change.
A team of international researchers led by UC Irvine's Robert Reed has identified a single gene called optix responsible for red wing color patterns in various passion vine butterfly species. This breakthrough discovery sheds light on how mimicry and convergent evolution occur at a genetic level.
Researchers found that a single gene, optix, underlies the diverse red wing patterns of Heliconius butterflies across the Americas. The gene's regulation leads to subtle differences in wing patterns between species.
Scientists discover six new species of Eucalantica micro-moths in Central America, revealing a higher diversity and wider distribution than previously thought. The discoveries highlight the vast underexplored biodiversity of life on Earth, with only 20% of extant species described.
The NASA Aura satellite measures pollution 'butterfly' formed by nitrogen dioxide (NO2) emissions from agricultural fires in central Africa. High concentrations of NO2 were detected over the Democratic Republic of Congo and northern Angola, posing a threat to air quality and health.
A team of researchers successfully barcoded over 28,000 Australian moth and butterfly specimens, covering 65% of the country's known species. This achievement will transform biodiversity monitoring and biosecurity efforts in Australia.
Scientists investigate how a virus affecting the Indian meal moth impacts its host populations in size, with potential to inform better pest management strategies. The research could lead to improved techniques for controlling invasive species and pests.
Researchers discovered that butterflies colonizing new habitats have distinct genetic traits, including faster egg maturation, higher energy metabolism, and superior flight ability. These traits provide an advantage for exploring new areas, potentially leading to the establishment of new populations.
The U.S. Geological Survey has launched an updated version of its Butterflies and Moths of North America (BAMONA) website, featuring improved data collection and dissemination technologies. Verified sighting records are now immediately available on the site's home page, allowing for more efficient monitoring of pollinator populations.
Caterpillars that use defence mechanisms to repel predators produce significantly fewer eggs than their non-defensive counterparts. Research found that these insects grow slower and are smaller when defending themselves.
Wildflowers with distinct colors prevent hybrid offspring from reproducing, ensuring the species remains pure. Researchers have identified a genetic change linked to flower color, demonstrating reinforcement in plants.
In a sex role reversal, females actively court males after being exposed to cool, dry temperatures as caterpillars. Females raised in cooler conditions live longer lives compared to those mated in the hotter season.
Researchers at Emory University found that monarch butterfly females prefer milkweed plants with high levels of cardenolides to lay eggs on, reducing parasite infection in their offspring. This behavior is thought to be a form of self-medication, and the study's findings may have implications for human health.
A study found that organic farms have more butterflies than conventional farms, but a combination of conventional farming and nature reserves could support even more butterflies. The research suggests that the trade-off between food production and wildlife conservation depends on the quality of the spare land.
Researchers studied two butterfly species, finding that genetic variables affect their ability to relocate due to global warming. The study suggests that some species may be more adapted to warmer temperatures than others.
The maglev haptic interface, developed at Carnegie Mellon since 1997, provides highly realistic feedback for users to perceive textures and feel hard contacts. It has applications in controlling remote robots and simulation technologies for dental training and biopsy needle insertion.
Chinese and German scientists have discovered a new species of Large Blue butterfly in the south of China. The species, named Phengaris xiushani, was described in an open access journal and is the first known species of its family to be found in mountain forests.
Researchers at the University of Cambridge have successfully mimicked the colorful wing scales of tropical butterflies using nanofabrication techniques. This innovation has promising applications in security printing, enabling more secure authentication and anti-forgery measures on banknotes and other valuable items.
A team of Japanese researchers successfully built an ornithopter, a replica model of a swallowtail butterfly, to demonstrate its ability to fly with simple flapping motions. The study's findings suggest that flight can be achieved without feedback control, opening up possibilities for future aerodynamic systems.
A University of Melbourne-led study links earlier butterfly emergence with regional human-induced climate change, revealing a causal link between increasing greenhouse gases and warming temperatures. The study found a 1.6-day shift in the mean emergence date for adults of the Common Brown butterfly over a 65-year period.
Researchers found that butterflies with a duplicate gene can see ultraviolet colors and have UV-yellow pigment on their wings, facilitating mate searching and reproduction. This link between vision and wing colors may be an adaptive advantage for these butterfly species.
A University of Georgia study has found that monarch butterflies from long-distance migrating populations have evolved significantly larger and more elongated wings than their stationary cousins. This suggests that traits known to enhance flight ability in other migratory species are favored in these insects.
A new study by UK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and colleagues found that diverse landscapes with varying habitats help maintain stable butterfly populations. This can aid conservation efforts, as stable populations are better equipped to withstand extreme weather conditions.
Researchers found tiny genetic regions, or hotspots, responsible for the butterflies' identical wing patterns, challenging previous assumptions about evolution. The study reveals a flexible genetic mechanism underlying this remarkable example of adaptation.
Researchers discovered that two related photoreceptor proteins found in monarch butterflies can mediate magnetoreception by an unconventional photochemical mechanism. The study provides the first genetic evidence for a vertebrate-like Cry protein functioning as a magnetoreceptor in animals.
A new analysis led by UC Davis expert Arthur Shapiro reveals that climate change and habitat loss are devastating butterfly populations, with lowland species being hit hard. The study's findings also show that 'ruderal' butterfly species, often considered insignificant, are declining faster than other species.
Butterfly populations in California are declining due to climate change and habitat loss. Researchers found that warmer temperatures are causing lower-elevation species to migrate to higher elevations, while high-elevation specialist butterflies are also facing threats as temperatures become too warm.
Researchers Konstantin Kornev of Clemson University have developed artificial probes inspired by the butterfly's proboscis to sample fluid inside cells. The probes use capillary action, similar to a paper towel, to draw up viscous liquid, overcoming pressure limitations.
The University of Colorado is launching a butterfly experiment on the International Space Station on November 16, monitoring the growth and development of monarch and painted lady butterflies in weightless conditions. Thousands of K-12 students across the nation will compare the results with similar experiments on Earth.
Researchers found a population of tropical butterflies exhibiting diverging color patterns and reproductive preferences, suggesting the potential emergence of two distinct species. The study provides insights into the earliest stage of ecological speciation, where natural selection drives the divergence of populations into new species.
Researchers at the University of Bristol have discovered a unique structure in the ear of the Blue Morpho butterfly, which may allow it to distinguish between high and low pitch sounds. The membrane's properties suggest that butterflies can hear lower pitches more sensitively than other insects.
A long-term study found that El Niño drives the migration of Sulfur butterflies in Panama, with peak migrations occurring after rainy season begins. The research suggests that understanding global climate cycles can improve prediction of insect movements and effects on crops.
The Entomological Society of America announced the Editor's Choice Awards for 2008, recognizing outstanding articles in various journals. The awards honored authors who made significant contributions to entomology, including research on termite invasions, gypsy moth distribution, and insect-vector relationships.
Researchers at UMass Medical School have discovered that monarch butterflies use their antennae to navigate towards Mexico, contradicting previous assumptions that the brain played a primary role. The study found that removing or blocking the antennae impaired the butterflies' ability to orient themselves correctly.
Researchers studied historical DNA samples to track the evolution of a species of tropical butterfly infected with the bacterium Wolbachia, which kills males. The study found that the male-to-female ratio in populations fluctuated rapidly due to the interaction between the species and the bacteria over time and geographical space.
A new revision of the Dioptinae subfamily sheds light on the diversity of tropical moth species, revealing a unique story of parallel evolution. The study found that around 500 species evolved from a common ancestor into diverse butterfly mimics, with some feeding on toxic plants to gain protection.
Experts from Germany are sharing their butterfly monitoring methods with China, Australia, and Israel to track changes in butterfly populations. The Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research has been working with butterflies for years, using them as indicators of habitat health.
By analyzing the factors behind the Large Blue's extinction and success, researchers propose using modified countryside management techniques to mitigate climate change. These methods can include letting grass grow longer to maintain soil temperature, providing a breathing space for threatened species to adapt or migrate.
Researchers found that populations at the northern edge of a species' range experienced problems when exposed to warmer conditions, contradicting the assumption that they would increase. The study used two butterfly species and found that interactions among species could change under climate change.
Researchers discovered the large blue butterfly's extreme dependence on a single ant species led to its demise. The study reveals how habitat overgrowth caused soil temperatures to drop, resulting in diminishing ant numbers and ultimately, the butterflies' decline.
Scientists have identified a set of genes involved in orienting Eastern North American monarch butterflies' internal 'sun compass' and driving their 4000km migration to Mexico. The research reveals seasonal changes in genomic function help define the migratory state, independent of juvenile hormone activity.
Researchers found that the Bt toxin loses its potency against certain moth and butterfly species unless the insects have specific gut bacteria present. The study suggests that these beneficial bacteria can make the toxin lethal to the insects, highlighting the importance of their presence in pest management.
A UK study shows that predicting population spread and conserving habitats can help threatened species survive environmental change. The silver-spotted skipper butterfly's recovery over 18 years highlights the importance of preserving chalk grasslands in southern England.
Researchers found that translocation to climatically-suitable areas can help butterflies survive beyond their northern ranges. The study showed that assisted colonisation can play a vital role in wildlife conservation, especially for rare species and those with limited mobility.
Butterflies use their hind wings to make quick turns and evade predators, according to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. The study found that removing hind wings reduces turning acceleration in half, making it harder for predators to catch them.
Researchers discovered that butterfly species with similar wing patterns have evolved to live in the same territory, maximizing benefits of their appearance. This adaptation highlights the role of protection from predators in evolution beyond pure competition.
BioServe is launching two educational experiments involving butterflies and spiders on a space shuttle mission in November. The experiments will compare the life cycles of butterflies and spiders in space to those on Earth, with over 100 K-12 students from Colorado participating.
The Entomological Society of America has named 10 new Fellows, including Dr. Robert N. Coulson, John G. Hildebrand, and Dr. Lawrence A. Lacey, for their outstanding contributions to research and teaching in the field of entomology.
A new study found that palm oil plantations supported few bird and butterfly species, despite efforts to increase biodiversity. Preserving natural forests was more effective in increasing species richness, but even this approach had a limited impact.
The Brown Argus butterfly has expanded its range northwards in Britain, likely due to warmer temperatures. This shift may allow the species to evade some of its natural enemies, such as parasitoids.
Researchers found that female monarchs with intermediate parasite loads were long-lived and laid many eggs, while those with light loads also thrived but had fewer infected offspring. The study provides evidence for the 'trade-off hypothesis' in a natural system.
A study by Emory University researcher Jacobus de Roode found that higher levels of replication within the host result in both increased virulence and greater transmission of parasites. This suggests that natural selection selects for harmful parasites, prioritizing their fitness over host health.
Researchers found that tobacco hornworm caterpillars could be trained to avoid specific odors, and adult moths emerged from the pupae of these caterpillars also avoided the same odors. The study suggests that memory retention is dependent on the maturity of the developing caterpillar's brain.
Researchers have discovered a novel circadian clock mechanism in monarch butterflies, involving two distinct cryptochrome proteins. This mechanism is similar to that found in mammals and plays a critical role in navigation during migration.
Researchers have identified a new clock gene, CRY2, that provides insight into the biology of monarch butterfly migration and evolution of circadian clocks. The discovery reveals a dual function of CRY2 as a core clock component and an output molecule linking the clock to the sun compass.
Researchers study how butterflies dupe ants into feeding them by mimicking ant pheromones. Ants can develop resistance against this deception, which is influenced by local gene flow.