Articles tagged with Liver
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Patients on liver transplant waiting lists prefer to receive high-quality donor organs, even if it means waiting longer, according to a new study. The research found that 58% of candidates would only accept organs with a risk of graft failure of 25% or less.
Researchers at Newcastle University discovered that manipulating serotonin's actions can tip the balance towards healthy tissue regeneration and block scarring in mouse models of chronic liver disease. This approach targets the 5-HT2B receptor, which instructs scar-forming cells to switch off regeneration.
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers found no correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and increased mortality. NAFLD, prevalent among those with heart disease and obesity, does not appear to undermine health and longevity.
Repeatedly taking slightly too much paracetamol over time can lead to a dangerous staggered overdose. Patients with staggered overdoses often have low levels of paracetamol in their blood despite being at high risk of liver failure and death, according to Dr Kenneth Simpson.
A recent study by Marshall University researchers discovered that nanoparticles of cerium oxide, commonly used in diesel fuels, can travel from the lungs to the liver and cause damage. The study found a dose-dependent increase in cerium levels in the liver, associated with liver enzyme elevations and histological evidence of liver damage.
Researchers have identified a new class of compounds, known as the imidazolopiperazine (IP) cluster, that could target both liver and blood stages of malaria infection. The IP cluster, including compound GNF179, showed promise in treating malaria-infected mice, extending survival by an average of 19 days.
A team of scientists from Scripps Research Institute has identified a family of chemical compounds that could lead to the development of novel drugs capable of not only alleviating symptoms but also preventing the deadly disease. The new class of compounds is highly effective against malaria parasites in both the blood and liver stages.
Researchers at Novartis have discovered a new class of dual-acting antimalarial compounds, the imidazolopiperazines (IZPs), which target both liver and blood infections. These compounds attack the Plasmodium parasite at both stages in its reproduction cycle, showing promise as a next-generation treatment for malaria.
Higher quality livers come from ducks with active fat-storing cells, while lower quality livers have cells struggling with high fat levels. Analyzing liver proteins revealed a key factor in determining foie gras quality.
A new treatment combining corticosteroids and N-acetylcysteine improves survival rates for patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis by 35-40% within a month, compared to the conventional cortisone-based treatment. The study results show that this combination therapy is well-tolerated and offers a promising prognosis for severe alcoholic...
Researchers at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center have identified a new molecular signature for biliary atresia, a devastating pediatric liver disease. The study found that some children with the condition exhibit high levels of Th2 immune system activity, providing a potential target for new therapies.
Researchers at Henry Ford Hospital found that adult living donor liver transplants are safe with a 100% donor survival rate and low-grade complications. The study, which looked at 54 living donor liver transplants over 10 years, also found minor complications in 61% of donors.
A study by Henry Ford Hospital found that patients with advanced liver disease have significantly higher healthcare costs compared to those with early stages of the disease. The average annual cost for patients with end-stage liver disease was estimated to be $59,995.
A human monoclonal antibody significantly suppressed hepatitis C virus (HCV) levels in liver transplant patients, delaying viral rebound. The treatment also reduced HCV-related liver damage and improved patient outcomes.
Researchers at the University of North Carolina Health Care have identified the regulatory mechanism behind cell polyploidy, a phenomenon observed in plants and insects. The discovery may lead to new insights into liver regeneration and disease treatment.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a promising new treatment for iron overload disorders using minihepcidin peptides, which mimic the natural protein hepcidin to lower iron levels in the blood. The study provides hope for individuals affected by hereditary hemochromatosis and beta-thalassemia.
Researchers discovered that insulin signaling converges with nutrient metabolism pathways to regulate lipid synthesis in the liver. The study suggests that multiple pathways are required for insulin-resistant livers to accumulate lipids.
The genome sequencing of Clonorchis sinensis reveals that it lacks enzymes required for fatty acid biosynthesis, unlike other liver flukes. This discovery provides insight into the parasite's complex lifestyle and may lead to new ways of controlling diseases caused by this parasite.
Differences in two metabolic enzymes may explain susceptibility to liver damage. Low levels of GAPDH and NDPK are associated with increased oxidative stress and disease severity.
A new study has identified 42 genetic regions associated with liver function, providing a better understanding of liver damage and disease. The research, involving over 61,000 people, may lead to new treatments that can improve liver function and prevent liver damage.
Scientists have cleanly corrected a human gene mutation in a patient's stem cells, using cutting-edge methods to target and correct the sequence of the genome. The corrected gene worked normally, demonstrating the potential for patient-specific therapies.
Studies reveal the role of Sirt1 in improving insulin sensitivity through caloric restriction. Researchers also identify a potential treatment approach for KRAS mutant colorectal cancers by combining receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors with MEK inhibitors. Additionally, new insights into the cellular defects of Huntington disease are p...
A new inherited neurometabolic disorder has been discovered, caused by mutations in the ADK gene. The disease, adenosine kinase deficiency, disrupts the methionine cycle, leading to symptoms such as encephalopathy and abnormal liver function.
Researchers at UCLA developed a risk scoring system to predict long-term survival after liver re-transplantation, identifying eight key risk factors for potential failure. The predictive index will help guide physicians in determining patient risk and provide patients with informed consent information.
Researchers found that high-volume transplant centers used more high-risk donor livers, but achieved better graft and recipient survival rates. The study's findings suggest that increased organ utilization can improve outcomes for transplantation patients.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have identified a powerful molecular pathway regulating the liver's insulin management and new glucose production. FOX06, a protein family member, plays a crucial role in glucose production, leading to improved blood sugar levels when inhibited.
Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have a lower incidence of liver-related complications and hepatocellular carcinoma compared to those infected with hepatitis C virus. NAFLD patients also had similar mortality rates as patients with HCV, despite having higher rates of cardiovascular complications.
A new study published in Hepatology found that living donor liver transplant recipients had a 56% lower mortality rate compared to those waiting for a deceased donor liver transplant. However, this benefit was not observed for candidates with low MELD scores and hepatocellular carcinoma.
A new treatment, percutaneous hepatic perfusion (PHP), has been shown to significantly extend the time patients with liver-dominant metastatic melanoma can live without disease progression. On average, PHP patients survived for 8.1 months, compared to 1.6 months in the control group.
Digna Biotech receives FDA approval for cardiotrophin-1 as an acute liver failure treatment. The medicine is expected to work by acting as a messenger to damaged liver cells, helping them recover and restoring function. Cardiotrophin-1 has been shown to stimulate hepatic regeneration and protect hepatocytes during acute hepatic damage.
A Finnish study published in PLoS Medicine found that people living alone are more vulnerable to the adverse effects of increased alcohol availability, leading to a substantially increased risk of alcohol-related mortality. The study analyzed data from over 80% of Finland's population between 2000 and 2007 and discovered a greater incr...
Scientists at Centenary Institute discovered that liver cells can engulf and destroy T-cells, reducing organ rejection in transplants and potentially fighting hepatitis and other chronic liver diseases. The discovery opens up new approaches to transplant rejection and treatment of liver diseases, which affect millions worldwide.
A new study published in American Journal of Physiology and Endocrinology Metabolism found that mice born to mothers on a high-fat diet before and during pregnancy have higher fat mass and smaller livers. Switching to low-fat diet reduces risk, according to researchers at Oregon Health & Science University.
A new study has shown that a 24-week treatment course for hepatitis C is just as effective as a 48-week regimen for many patients. The study included 540 patients with chronic genotype 1 hepatitis C who had not previously been treated or could not be successfully treated with current standard of care.
A study published in Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry found that pure maple syrup improved liver function tests in rats fed a diet with 20% pure maple syrup compared to a control group. The results suggest that maple syrup's polyphenolic antioxidants may help regulate glucose metabolism and reduce liver enzyme levels.
Transplantation specialists propose changes to liver organ distribution to prioritize patients with high MELD scores and reduce waitlist mortality. The new model aims to rapidly allocate organs to those most in need, ensuring timely delivery and reducing death rates.
Researchers at USC's Keck School of Medicine identified a protein called Sab that protects the liver from acetaminophen toxicity in mice. Silencing this protein also prevents liver injury caused by apoptosis and other stressors, offering a potential new target for preventing drug-induced liver disease.
Researchers discovered dendritic cells play a protective role in the liver against acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. High levels of dendritic cells are associated with protection, while low levels exacerbate liver damage and death.
A European study found radioembolization to be a viable treatment option for liver cancer patients, with median overall survival near 13 months. The procedure improved survival rates across different tumor stages and in patients with few treatment options.
Researchers found that saffron significantly reduced the number and incidence of liver nodules, with complete inhibition observed at the highest dose. Saffron also inhibited the elevation of proteins indicating liver damage and blocked inflammation.
Research suggests Hepatitis G virus may cause liver damage and cancer, contrary to FDA's initial declaration in 1997. A review of scientific literature shows the virus is prevalent globally, linked to hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine have devised a gene therapy cocktail that can treat some inherited diseases caused by misfolded proteins. The approach uses an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector to deliver two payloads simultaneously: one disables the mutant protein and another provides a new gene to replace its activity.
Scientists at Joslin Diabetes Center have discovered a new connection between obesity and insulin resistance through altered protein splicing. The study suggests that changes in RNA splicing proteins may contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes, offering potential targets for novel diabetes drugs.
The PATH B program provides a comprehensive educational resource for patients with chronic hepatitis B, improving understanding of the disease and enhancing patient-physician dialogue. The program aims to increase patient engagement in disease management, resulting in better quality of life.
Kezhong Zhang is studying CREBH's role in regulating NAFLD through a $1.7 million NIH grant. He aims to understand how CREBH controls fat production and digestion, with implications for preventing and treating NAFLD.
A new study by McMaster University researchers found that South Asians are more likely to store fat in internal organs like the liver, increasing the risk of diabetes and coronary artery disease. The study suggests that this type of visceral fat is associated with metabolic problems and may affect organ function.
Researchers found that pediatric liver-transplant patients required a second vaccination to defend against the pandemic virus, as a single-dose H1N1 vaccine did not provide adequate protection. A study published in Liver Transplantation revealed that increasing time since transplant correlated with successful immune response.
A large-scale study found metabolic syndrome significantly increases risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma, two major types of primary liver cancer. Metabolic syndrome was present in 37% of persons who developed HCC and 30% of those who developed ICC, compared to 17% of those without cancer.
A recent study found that increased body mass index (BMI) is an independent predictor of clinical decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis. The researchers suggest that weight reduction may improve patient outcomes and that measures to reduce BMI could improve the prognosis for patients with advanced liver disease.
Researchers have identified a way to exploit brain's self-repair mechanism to protect nerve cells and enhance brain repair after stroke. Estradiol has been shown to protect male rats against beta-cell failure in rodent models of type 2 diabetes, suggesting estrogen receptors as a viable therapeutic target.
Researchers have identified specific resistance mutations in the p7 protein that may explain the lack of effectiveness of current p7 inhibitor drugs. The study supports the use of combination therapies inhibiting p7 as a potential component of future HCV-specific treatments, offering new hope for effective therapies.
A new study found that a specific gene variant, PNPLA3 rs738409, is linked to an increased risk of developing fatty liver and faster fibrosis progression in people with chronic hepatitis C. The study suggests this genetic predictor may also be used as a potential therapeutic target for treating the condition.
A small study found PCI to be safe in patients with significant CAD who were referred for liver transplantation. The procedure was successfully performed in 94% of patients, and all remained clinically stable at one month following the intervention.
A new drug telaprevir has been shown to offer a faster and stronger viral cure for hepatitis C than standard treatment, with 75% of patients cured compared to 44% on standard therapy. The study also found significant benefits in subgroups of patients who do not typically respond well to standard therapy.
A recent study reveals that hepatitis A virus (HAV) evades the innate immune response more effectively than hepatitis C virus (HCV), which causes chronic infections. The research provides critical insights into the nature of HCV's persistence and highlights the importance of understanding how the body responds to these viruses.
Researchers found that PKD1 gene activity is key to cyst formation in various forms of polycystic kidney and liver disease. Modulating PKD1 dosage may slow disease progression, providing a promising therapeutic target.
A new study reveals a powerful vaccination approach that targets the liver stage of malaria parasites, providing long-lasting and diverse immune cell responses. This strategy offers a promising model for developing effective next-generation vaccines.
A new study found that non-invasive liver tests can accurately predict the five-year survival rate of patients with chronic hepatitis C. Liver stiffness measurement and the FibroTest were shown to have high predictive values for overall survival and survival without liver-related death.
A new analysis found mortality from all causes to be higher in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection. The study, published in Clinical Infectious Diseases, compared mortality rates among 9,378 adults with and without hepatitis C and found a two-fold increased risk of death from both liver- and non-liver related causes.
The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre (RI-MUHC) has been awarded a $1.4M grant to develop Personalized Medicine for Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH). The project aims to identify new biomarkers and disease predictors to improve diagnosis and treatment options.