Articles tagged with Muscles
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Scientists from Stanford University have discovered how botulinum neurotoxin binds to individual nerve cells, which could lead to the development of preventive vaccines against botulism. The study may also pave the way for novel remedies for several neuromuscular conditions, including cerebral palsy.
New research reveals how botulinum toxin attaches to nerve cells, using a similar strategy as locating an airport. The study identifies the exact spot where the toxin binds, allowing for potential anti-toxins and new treatments for paralysis and dystonias.
A study published in Arthritis Care & Research found that muscle strength and functional performance were lower in the leg operated on compared to the other leg four years after meniscectomy. Patients reported symptoms and functional limitations, scoring lower in all areas compared to healthy control patients.
Scientists have discovered that the giant danio, unlike its cousin the zebrafish, exhibits indeterminate growth due to hyperplasia, allowing it to continuously grow into adulthood. This study provides a model for understanding muscle growth and has potential applications in investigating muscle wasting diseases such as muscular dystrophy.
Research on parasitic-infected dragonflies reveals metabolic disorders similar to human obesity and type-2 diabetes, with parasites triggering an inflammatory response and changes in metabolism. The study suggests that microbial communities found in human intestines may also contribute to these diseases.
A new study found that exercising regularly can lead to more effective weight loss than following a calorie-restricted diet, as exercise helps preserve muscle mass and improve aerobic capacity. Those who exercised lost between 9-10% of their body weight, while dieters lost 9-10%, but also experienced reduced muscle mass.
Researchers have identified a gene called AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) that optimizes muscle activity. Genetic modification of mice expressing this activated state shows increased exercise capacity and accumulation of muscle glycogen, potentially leading to new treatments for muscle diseases and improved athletic performance.
Mayo researchers found that stronger quadriceps muscles can help reduce cartilage loss in the knee joint. Participants with greater quadriceps strength had less cartilage loss in the patellofemoral joint, which is frequently affected by osteoarthritis.
During intense exercise, muscles rely on anaerobic metabolism for force production, leading to muscle fatigue and impaired performance. The study found that the mechanisms of muscular fatigue are similar to those discovered in laboratory research on cell and tissue samples.
Researchers have found a way to protect muscle from degenerating after injury and improve muscle healing in mice by blocking the central signal molecule NF-kB. The study suggests two molecules with potential as promising drug targets for new therapies against muscle wasting.
Researchers discovered that GBA2 is necessary for normal sperm function and male fertility in mice. A lack of GBA2 results in abnormal sperm morphology and decreased fertility, similar to a treatment for Gaucher's disease.
Researchers have discovered a key molecular mechanism allowing tiny flies to whirl their wings at high speeds, revealing new insights into heart disease and the evolution of flight. The findings provide a better understanding of how chemical energy is converted into muscle movements, including human heart muscle pumping blood.
A Mayo Clinic study of 144 participants found that dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) supplements had no effect on age-related changes in body composition, physical performance, or quality of life. The study's findings contradict previous reports and suggest that DHEA should be treated as a regulated drug.
Researchers at USC have made significant discoveries in the fight against Alzheimer's disease. A study found that hormone replacement therapy may lower Alzheimer's risk by as much as 50 percent in younger women. Additionally, a new treatment approach for ALS and Parkinson's disease has shown promising results, with exercise interventio...
A study found that pre-operative inspiratory muscle training significantly improves lung function and decreases the incidence of postoperative pulmonary complications, including pneumonia. Patients at high risk of developing PPCs who underwent CABG surgery showed a 48% reduction in PPCs and 60% decrease in pneumonia after receiving IMT.
Researchers discovered that caveolin-3 inhibits myostatin signaling, preventing muscle wasting. Additionally, elevated PTTG1 levels triggered mitotic mischief, causing aneuploidy in thyroid cancer cells. Understanding these mechanisms can lead to potential therapies for muscular dystrophy and thyroid cancer.
A study reveals that caveolin-3 helps prevent muscle wasting in muscular dystrophy by blocking myostatin signaling. Inhibiting myostatin rescued the muscle wasting in mice, suggesting a promising therapy for certain types of muscular dystrophy.
Researchers demonstrate that trichostatin A can counteract muscular dystrophy in mice by promoting muscle regeneration and upregulating follistatin, a key protein involved in muscle development. Further studies are needed to determine the effectiveness of the drug in larger animals before it can be tested in humans.
Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine report a significant increase in MRSA muscle infections in children, highlighting the need for awareness and proper treatment. The study found that more than 75% of community-acquired staphylococcal infections are now resistant to commonly used antibiotics.
A new study published in The Journal of Physiology shows that short bursts of intense exercise can produce similar results to traditional endurance training. This type of high-intensity interval training may be a viable option for individuals with limited time, improving muscle health and performance despite lower overall training volume.
Researchers have found that a class of cancer drugs can restore skeletal muscle mass and prevent decline in muscular dystrophy. Treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitors like Trichostatin A improved muscle function and resistance to degeneration in dystrophic mice.
A study published by Infectious Diseases Society of America found that antibiotic-resistant bacteria are causing an increase in muscle infections, particularly among children. The researchers discovered a specific strain of Staphylococcus aureus associated with more severe disease, and emphasized the need for physicians to consider ini...
Researchers found that muscle cells degenerate when BAG3 is absent, highlighting its importance in maintaining mature skeletal muscle. This discovery may lead to prevention of muscle atrophy associated with diseases like muscular dystrophy and myofibril myopathy.
Asian vulture populations are critically endangered due to diclofenac poisoning; diclofenac residues can cause lethal kidney failure if birds feed on treated carcasses. Recent government measures restrict veterinary use of diclofenac, promoting meloxicam as a safe alternative.
A recent study by Ohio State University researcher Tracy Tylka found that men are under immense pressure to have muscular bodies, which can lead to symptoms of eating disorders and unhealthy behaviors. The study of 285 college men showed that those who felt more pressure to be muscular were more likely to engage in unhealthy habits.
A specific signal in cells in the nervous system aggravates MS symptoms, which could be alleviated by blocking related proteins. Blocking these proteins is promising as a strategy for new therapies against MS.
Researchers from the University of British Columbia successfully produced proteins with new mechanical properties through DNA shuffling of two titin domains. The study reveals that different arrangements of protein segments can significantly impact mechanical stability, challenging previous assumptions.
Researchers developed a genetic test for CMT2, a leading cause of the condition, which is characterized by muscle weakness and nerve damage. The new test offers hope for early diagnosis and potential treatment of CMT2, a complex disorder with no effective therapies yet.
Researchers used gene therapy to eliminate disabling muscle contractions in a mouse model of the most common form of adult-onset muscular dystrophy. The approach corrected myotonia, or muscle hyperexcitability, and eliminated muscle contractions as early as four weeks after injection.
The JRRD tipsheet focuses on the latest research and best practices for managing spinal cord injury, gait disorders, stroke recovery, and power mobility. Studies investigate functional electrical stimulation for controlling seated posture, terrain's impact on gait characteristics, and the effect of restricted spinal motion on gait.
The study found that therapies boosting adiponectin might be beneficial for treating insulin resistance and diabetes. Adiponectin increases mitochondrial number and function in skeletal muscle, exerting antidiabetic effects.
Researchers found that a significant component of the muscle reaction in whiplash injuries arises from being startled by the abrupt motion and loud sound of impact. This new understanding may lead to improved prevention and management techniques for this common injury.
Researchers have identified a potential new treatment target for children's muscle disease, where heat shock protein HSP60 plays an active role in controlling inflammation. This discovery could lead to therapies aimed at expanding T-cells with regulatory capacities reacting to HSP60, potentially contributing to disease remission.
A study found that cherry juice can significantly reduce muscle strength loss and improve average pain scores in individuals with muscle damage. The study suggests that cherry juice may be a potentially safer alternative to prescription drugs for treating conditions like arthritis and gout.
Researchers created a 'cookbook recipe' to restore lost nerve function using mouse embryonic stem cells, growth factors, and specific agents. The approach showed promising results in recovering paralysis in treated rats, with some regaining muscle strength and mobility.
A study of 14 volunteers found that drinking cherry juice before and after exercise resulted in a significant reduction in muscle pain and a slight increase in muscle strength. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of cherry juice were found to be effective in preventing muscle damage.
Researchers at Salk Institute identify growth factor FGF as molecule guiding axons to muscles, uncovering general principles of neuronal connections. This discovery may help restore movement in people with motor neuron diseases and improve understanding of autism spectrum disorders.
Researchers found a significant decrease in muscle cramps with Pycnogenol supplementation, including a 25% reduction for normal crampers and a 40% reduction for those with venous insufficiency. The study also showed improved blood flow to muscle tissue, reducing pain in patients with diabetic microangiopathy.
A team of researchers has achieved a significant breakthrough in treating Duchenne muscular dystrophy by successfully transplanting healthy muscle cells into patients, showing promise for increasing the production of the missing protein dystrophin. The new clinical trials aim to further assess the treatment's effectiveness and measure ...
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System developed a new test for peripheral arterial disease (PAD) using MR spectroscopy, a technique from the 1970s. The test measures phosphocreatine recovery time in leg muscles after exercise, indicating PAD severity and potential complications.
Researchers found that injecting mice with gene therapy containing myostatin propeptide accelerated muscle regeneration and reduced fibrosis after injury. This approach could significantly reduce recovery time for athletes and lead to more complete functional recovery.
Researchers found a chemical switch in the body that allows muscle atrophy to occur and how to turn it off. They developed methods to block the protein's ability to cause atrophy using gene therapy and drug treatment.
The study suggests that motor learning involves different time scales and implies that slow learning is key to maintaining motor skills in stroke patients. The research team hopes to tailor therapy strategies to target slow-learning systems, improving recovery of muscle control after brain injuries.
A clinical trial found that injecting stem cells from a woman's own muscle may effectively treat urinary incontinence. Five of seven patients reported significant improvements in bladder control and quality of life with no serious adverse effects. A follow-up study is planned to determine the optimal dose for effective treatment.
The study found that hand function is directly related to brain activity and that changes in the brain well after the stroke are paralleled by changes in physical ability. Interventions like muscle vibration and mental practice can enhance motor cortical output, leading to improvements in hand use.
Scientists mimic worm brains and fish jaws to develop brain-inspired sensors and gain insight into human memory formation. Researchers also explore biological inspiration for legged robots, prosthetics, and tissue engineering.
Researchers found that examiners can replicate tension-headache symptoms in 82% of subjects by testing the temporalis muscle, which is involved in TMJD. This study aims to establish valid and reliable diagnostic criteria for TMJD, which could improve treatment outcomes for those suffering from the disorder.
Researchers have made significant advancements in stroke treatment, improving functional use of arms and hands through robotics and neuromuscular stimulation. Additionally, a multidisciplinary program for Parkinson's disease patients has shown long-term improvements in motor function scores.
A large cohort study found that patients taking high-dose corticosteroids are at increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation. Corticosteroids may affect heart function by altering potassium balance and causing fluid retention, leading to high blood pressure and congestive heart failure.
Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is a rare genetic disease caused by a mutation in the ACVR1 gene, leading to an armament of bone that locks movement impossible. The discovery provides a highly specific target for future drug development and holds promise for altering symptoms and the disease itself.
Researchers have found that lactic acid is not a waste product, but rather a link between anaerobic and aerobic metabolism. Efficient use of lactic acid enables athletes to generate more energy from their body's fuel sources, reducing fatigue and improving performance.
A recent study published in Neurology found that individuals who have had near-death experiences tend to experience REM state intrusion, which can disrupt normal sleep-wake patterns. This phenomenon was observed in 60% of people with near-death experiences, compared to 24% of those without.
A new study by the University of Iowa found that early intervention with electrical stimulation can significantly reduce bone mineral density loss in SCI patients. The therapy, which involves delivering defined doses of load to targeted muscles and bones, was shown to improve bone health and muscle strength.
Researchers have discovered a novel way to increase the potency of botulinum neurotoxin treatments, allowing for lower doses and enhanced cosmetic benefits. The new approach may reduce the risk of complications associated with frequent injections, making Botox safer and more accessible.
The hare's hind-limb hip-extensor muscles are more exaggerated than the greyhound's, enabling rapid acceleration and direction changes. This muscle difference gives the hare a competitive advantage in races against greyhounds.
Researchers have identified a conserved role for the muscarinic acetylcholine pathway in animal starvation responses, suggesting potential insights into eating disorders. The study found that starvation activates the MAPK enzyme in the pharyngeal muscles of C. elegans worms.
Researchers found substances increasing mitochondrial size also boost cardiac contractility. This effect isn't related to energy production; instead, it suggests a form of mechanical signaling between organelles in cardiac cells. The study opens possibilities for developing drugs that enhance heart function.
Researchers found that stretching increases resistance to injury by producing nitric oxide, but inhibiting NO production eliminates protection. The study suggests that understanding how stretching works can help prevent muscle injuries and promote healthy aging.
Researchers identified adult human multipotent stem cells derived from the periosteum, which can regenerate cartilage, muscle, and bone. The study showed that these cells can contribute to muscle regeneration and form cartilage when implanted into a joint surface defect.
Research reveals that differences in overall muscle efficiency cannot be explained by variations in individual mitochondria's ability to convert food energy into ATP. Instead, the findings suggest that ATP usage within the muscle plays a crucial role in determining efficiency.