Articles tagged with Prostate Tumors
Researchers identified a phenomenon where cancer cells export PD-L1 in exosomes, remotely disarming immune cells and preventing them from attacking tumors. This discovery may help explain immunotherapy resistance and hints at new strategies to unleash the immune system against disease.
Scientists from Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute identified how prostate cancer becomes treatment-resistant NEPC following targeted treatment. They found that an FDA-approved drug holds potential as a NEPC treatment and uncovered new therapeutic avenues to prevent transformation.
A new study suggests that enlarged prostates could impede tumor growth in prostate cancer patients. Computer simulations found that the mechanical stresses from an enlarging prostate keep tumors small. The findings challenge traditional treatments that involve downsizing the prostate.
A recent study analyzed over 8,000 human tumors and discovered common molecular hallmarks of low oxygen levels, which can predict cancer aggressiveness and inform treatment decisions. The findings provide new insights into the complex relationship between hypoxia, genetic changes, and tumor evolution.
A Columbia professor has developed a predictive computer platform that analyzes all tumor types and predicts effective treatment options. The platform, OncoTreat, is based on advanced data science techniques, including information theory and ray-tracing.
Researchers developed a computer model predicting prostate cancer progression using tumor genomes from nearly 300 patients. This enables clinicians to develop tailor-made treatments, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Researchers have identified NSD2 as a new vulnerability in aggressive, metastatic prostate cancers that have become resistant to hormonal therapies. The study suggests a combined therapeutic approach using an NSD2 inhibitor drug with conventional antiandrogenic drugs to re-sensitize resistant tumors.
Researchers have identified the BRD9 protein as a key player in the growth and survival of synovial sarcoma cells. Degradation of this protein inhibits tumour progression, offering a potential therapeutic opportunity for treating this rare cancer.
A study led by CNIO has defined a blood-based biomarker that can determine the most effective treatment for castration-resistant prostate cancer patients. The biomarker, which analyzes the presence of a specific gene in circulating tumour DNA, shows promise for improved survival rates and personalized therapy.
Researchers will identify biomarkers for DNA repair defects in tumors, enabling faster decision-making on treatment choices. A clinical trial will test carboplatin therapy's effectiveness in advanced prostate cancer.
A new study published in eLife suggests that the overall burden of changes in a tumor's genome can predict patient outcomes across various cancer types. Researchers found that the percentage of altered genes in a tumor, known as CNA burden, is associated with mortality and disease-free survival in multiple cancers.
Blocking POM121 transport inhibits tumor aggressiveness and restores chemotherapy efficacy in preclinical models. This study identifies nuclear pore proteins as effective anti-cancer targets for advanced prostate cancers, offering a new approach to target undruggable molecular drivers.
Researchers found a gene that recruits immune cells in alopecia areata, an autoimmune disease causing hair loss. They discovered this gene is turned off in various cancers, protecting them from the immune system. By turning it back on, tumors can be made vulnerable to immunotherapy.
A team of scientists has developed a faster and more accurate way to test new treatments for the most aggressive form of prostate cancer. Lab-grown tumours derived from donor patient tumours enable researchers to test drug combinations quickly and efficiently, identifying those that cause the most striking reduction in tumour growth.
Scientists have identified genetic errors common in metastatic prostate tumors, including alterations in the androgen receptor region. The study found that about 80% of aggressive tumors had similar genetic changes, which could lead to new treatment options for patients with aggressive forms of prostate cancer.
A study has identified 600 novel long noncoding RNA molecules that regulate the effects of androgens and androgen receptors on gene expression in prostate tumors. These lncRNAs are powerful regulators of gene expression and interact with and magnify the effect of regulatory proteins, suggesting a new target for treatment.
The study identified a new class of drug-targets, called master regulators, which are rarely mutated in cancer patients. The algorithm predicted the same top drug for almost half of metastatic patients, leading to rapid FDA approval for a clinical trial.
Analysis of hundreds of human prostate tumors revealed that the most aggressive cancers depend on a built-in cellular stress response to put a brake on their own hot-wired physiology. Experiments showed that blocking this stress response causes treatment-resistant cancer cells to self-destruct while leaving normal cells unaffected.
A study published in Cancer Research reveals that the Zika virus selectively kills aggressive human embryonal CNS tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. The virus was effective at concentrations as low as one viral particle per ten cells, with no impact on differentiated neurons.
Researchers analyzed 293 localized prostate cancer tumors and found that those with multiple types of cancer cells were the most aggressive. The study's findings can help determine the best approach for each individual patient, including sparing patients from unnecessary treatment.
A pre-clinical study has revealed that combining OX40 agonist antibody and GSK2366771 may enhance the immune system's ability to kill melanoma tumors deficient in PTEN. The combination appears to 'step on the gas', revving up T cells and providing extra power to more efficiently kill cancer cells.
Researchers have developed a universal fluorescent probe that targets and stains cancer stem cells, a type of tumor-initiating cell. The probe, named TiY, demonstrates high selectivity towards these cells, which are believed to cause relapses after radiation and chemotherapy.
A new approach to analyzing prostate gland tissue uses cellular metabolites to differentiate between aggressive and less aggressive tumors. The study found that metabolite levels can predict tumor grade, stage, and recurrence risk, helping guide treatment strategy.
A novel nuclear medicine imaging agent targeting copper accumulation in tumors detects prostate cancer recurrence early in patients with biochemical relapse. The new imaging agent, copper-64 chloride (64CuCl2), has a higher detection rate than fluorine-18-choline-PET/CT in patients with low levels of PSA (<1 ng/ml).
Studies found tumors in tissues surrounding nerves in male rat hearts at high radiofrequency radiation levels, but not female rats or mice. Researchers also noted damage to heart tissue and increased cancer risk in exposed animals.
Researchers at BIDMC found that high-fat diets can drive metastasis in prostate cancer by suppressing tumor suppressor genes. They identified a key environmental factor driving this process and discovered a potential drug to block it.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center discovered that specific genetic events drive distinct immune cell compositions in primary prostate tumors, dictating tumor progression and response to therapy. Profiling patients' tumors based on this new information could lead to more successful clinical trials and tailored therapies.
A new study found that a Mediterranean diet rich in fish, boiled potatoes, fruits, vegetables, legumes, and olive oil was associated with a lower risk of aggressive prostate cancer. The diet showed a protective effect on more aggressive tumors, but other dietary patterns had little to no correlation.
The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging has published appropriate use criteria (AUC) for somatostatin receptor PET imaging in neuroendocrine tumors. This AUC addresses several clinical scenarios for diagnosing neuroendocrine tumors (NETs).
A recent study has created the first atlas of head and neck cancer, revealing the unique structural transition involving cancer cells and normal cells that allows tumors to spread. This finding may have implications for other common cancers as well.
A new gene expression biomarker has been developed to diagnose prostate cancer type and aggressiveness, enabling clinicians to tailor treatment plans. The study found the diagnostic test to be more effective than standard clinical tests in predicting aggressive disease.
Research at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute suggests that eliminating p62 protein in surrounding stromal tissue can disrupt tumor supply lines. This could lead to new strategies to target non-oncogenic addictions and undermine cancer growth.
Researchers have created two new imaging agents that can visualize the formation of tumour-associated blood vessels and track tumour growth. These agents could provide personalized treatment options by identifying patients most likely to respond to therapies targeting new blood vessel growth, leading to more effective cancer treatment.
Researchers report on a new dosing regimen for actinium-225 labeled targeted alpha therapy, showing promising anti-tumor response in patients with PSMA-positive tumors. The treatment protocol balances treatment response with toxicity concerns to provide effective therapy with minimal side effects.
Researchers have developed a new approach to precisely identify and localize prostate cancer tumors while protecting healthy tissue. The double targeting ligand RPS-027 binds to both PSMA and albumin, reducing kidney uptake and increasing tumor-to-tissue ratios for improved therapeutic profile.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have developed a proof-of-concept nanosystem that dramatically improves the visualization of tumors, achieving a five-fold increase over existing methods. The novel approach generates bright tumor signals by delivering quantum dots to cancer cells without toxic effects.
A new imaging technique has been developed to uncover oxygen levels in prostate tumours, potentially leading to a non-invasive way to determine which tumours are more difficult to treat. The technique uses light and sound to image the strength of blood vessels in tumours, helping doctors identify patients with harder-to-treat cancers.
A new blood test developed by TUM researchers can predict drug resistance in patients with advanced prostate cancer, analyzing AR-V7 RNA molecules for early detection. The test has shown high sensitivity and accuracy, identifying approximately one-fifth of patients with large amounts of resistant tumor cells.
Researchers found that anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 checkpoint inhibitors expand distinct immune infiltrates against cancer by targeting different types of T cells. This study provides a reason why combining these therapies works better than either alone.
Researchers identified a cellular signaling pathway blocking immune cell infiltration into bladder tumors, explaining the limited success of checkpoint immunotherapy. The finding suggests targeting this pathway could enhance treatment effectiveness when combined with checkpoint immunotherapy.
A 20-year study found that surgery for early-stage prostate cancer did not prolong life and often caused serious complications. Most men with early prostate cancer are more likely to survive with limited or no treatment.
Scientists have found that pericytes, strong contractile cells forming blood vessels, can also produce tumors and enable their spread. GT198, a gene normally expressing stem-cell like properties, becomes an oncogene when mutated, promoting cancer growth.
Researchers demonstrated the efficacy of targeted photodynamic therapy (tPDT) to treat prostate cancer before and during surgery, using a PSMA-targeting agent coupled with photosensitizers. The technique optimizes prostate cancer care by allowing visualization of tumors prior to surgery and providing real-time guidance to surgeons.
A new genomic sequencing approach detected circulating tumor DNA at a high rate in 89% of patients, identifying genetic changes that can be matched to targeted therapies. The study found 73% of genetic changes in tumor samples were also detected in blood samples.
Researchers develop immunotherapy approach for prostate cancer by combining anti-hormonal drug with checkpoint inhibitors, driving T cells into tumors and blocking PD-L1/PD1 response. Targeting VISTA brake is also shown to inhibit immune response in human tumors.
Researchers discovered new genes that cooperate with PTEN to prevent cancer development in mice. The study also found potential drug targets for cancers with a faulty PTEN gene.
Cabozantinib activates neutrophils, the first-responders of the immune system, to infiltrate tumor cells and trigger an immune response that leads to complete clearance of invasive prostate cancers. This innovative approach could lead to novel combination cancer immunotherapies.
Researchers developed a novel biofunctionalized silica nanostructure to selectively capture tumor-derived exosomes bearing the PSMA biomarker, overcoming limitations of alternative approaches. The technology enables non-invasive diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer with high recovery yields and improved efficiency.
A study analyzing 740 early-stage NSCLC patients treated with SBRT found that Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SqCC) has a significantly higher rate of local failure compared to other histological subtypes. SqCCs are more resistant to SBRT, which may require treatment optimization based on histological subtype.
Researchers at the University of Alberta have developed a new technique that uses focused ultrasound and nanoparticles to enhance cancer biomarker detection in blood samples. This non-invasive method has been shown to be as accurate as traditional biopsies, with potential applications for personalized medicine.
A new class of NIR-absorbing biodegradable organic nanoparticles has been developed for the targeting and treatment of deep-tissue tumors. These molecules can be triggered by low-power lamp light, allowing for precise tumor-targeting therapy with minimal side effects.
Researchers at The Wistar Institute found TRAP1 increases tumor cell proliferation and invasion while providing a potential new therapeutic target for prostate cancer. TRAP1 overexpression combined with PTEN loss led to aggressive invasive prostate cancer in mice.
Scientists have created biocompatible nanoseeds that can be injected into tumors to deliver radioactive isotopes, reducing damage to surrounding tissue. This innovative approach has the potential to improve radiation therapy for cancer patients, particularly those with inoperable solid tumors.
Researchers developed a new way to identify aggressive prostate cancer patients by analyzing their tumor's genetic pathways. The study found three subtypes of prostate tumors, with one subtype showing high disease progression and poor clinical outcomes.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center report a novel compound, tetraaryl cyclobutane (CB), that blocks testosterone from fueling prostate tumor growth in mice. The compound has a unique mechanism of action and may be effective against prostate tumors resistant to current anti-androgen drugs.
Researchers have discovered a 'smart' organic nanoparticle called PEARLs that uses heat and light to target and ablate tumours with greater precision. This innovation addresses two bottlenecks in photo-thermal therapy, enabling more effective treatment of cancer with minimal damage.
Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have discovered that analyzing image features from adjacent benign tissues to tumor areas can provide an early warning for patients at higher risk of biochemical recurrence. This study may lead to doctors making decisions sooner about follow-up therapies or more regular monitoring.
A University of California San Diego study describes a new imaging biomarker that enhances MRI to differentiate aggressive prostate cancer from low-grade or benign tumors. The technology, called restriction spectrum imaging (RSI), allows for non-invasive detection and prediction of tumor grade without biopsy.
A new University of Illinois study reveals that the shape of a tumor may play a significant role in determining whether cells can metastasize. The research found that curved edges and corners activate cancer stem cells, which are responsible for spreading cancer to other tissues.
Researchers developed a new technique using nanoparticles that deliver therapeutic payloads and glow green when cancer cells begin dying. This allows for early detection of treatment effectiveness, potentially improving patient outcomes and quality of life.