Articles tagged with Serotyping
A global study reveals that antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduces group B streptococcal infections in newborns, especially in Africa. The study's findings suggest developing vaccines could have near-universal applicability due to similar strain distributions worldwide.
A study by the Broad Institute and University of California, Berkeley, has linked a person's immune status to the viral genetics of dengue, revealing how these two factors interact to cause severe disease. The research showed that immunity from previous infections and genetic variants of the virus combined to increase disease severity.
Researchers found that prior immune response to one serotype can influence interaction with virus subtypes in a subsequent infection, increasing risk of severe disease. The study provides new insights into the complex interplay between viral genetics and immune system response.
The FDA approves Menactra vaccine for infants as young as 9 months of age, providing a new option to help protect against meningococcal disease. The vaccine has been shown to elicit a robust immune response and can be administered concurrently with other vaccines.
A study of beef 'trim' found US procedures for monitoring imported beef trim are adequate for detecting pathogens like E. coli. Researchers have since shared pathogen detection technologies with Uruguayan national laboratories.
A cross-sectional study found that pneumococcal conjugate vaccination in the UK reduced invasive disease in vaccinated children, but increased carriage of non-vaccine serotypes. The replacement serotypes had lower invasiveness, resulting in a net reduction in IPD.
Researchers developed a vaccine that triggers a protective immune response while preventing fatal inflammation. The experimental vaccine, using a synthetic gene, has shown promising results in animal models, protecting mice from a lethal challenge and reducing inflammation.
A University of Liverpool-led consortium will analyse Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 1, a major cause of invasive pneumococcal disease in Africa. The project aims to develop a protein-based vaccine enhancing or replacing current Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines.
Research study reveals that only a limited number of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes are responsible for most invasive pneumococcal disease globally. The top seven serotypes (1, 5, 6A, 6B, 14, 19F, and 23F) accounted for the majority of cases in every region worldwide.
A study found that infants receiving pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV-7) at 2, 4, and 11 months had a higher likelihood of acquiring pneumococcal serotype 19A, a multiresistant strain. The study's findings suggest that PCV-7 may facilitate the acquisition of this strain.
A new tetravalent vaccine developed by NIAID is being tested in a Phase I human clinical trial to prevent dengue fever. The vaccine, which protects against all four dengue viruses, aims to provide efficient and cost-effective prevention against the mosquito-borne disease.
Research reveals that pathogenic strains of Group B Streptococcus (GBS) cause urinary tract infections by binding to bladder cells and triggering high levels of interleukin, an inflammatory cytokine. GBS infection may be more common than previously thought due to lack of clear risk factors.
A study found that reduced-dose schedules of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) significantly reduce vaccine serotype pneumococcal carriage in children. The 2-dose and 2 + 1-dose schedules were shown to be effective in reducing pneumonia and infection risks in infants.
The European Union has awarded $4 million to support the development of new antibiotics and vaccines against pneumococcal infections. Researchers from 13 international institutions are working together to combat this deadly disease, which claims over 60,000 lives annually in Germany alone.
Researchers have created a new test to better predict whether a given vaccine candidate will protect or harm patients with dengue fever. The test aims to address the deadly complications associated with the disease, which affects 100 million people annually and claims 22,000 lives yearly.
A new meningitis vaccine has been shown to be well-tolerated and immunogenic in infants, providing protection against four strains of the disease. The vaccine, MenACWY, uses a natural mutant of the diphtheria toxin and has been found to induce protective antibody levels in over 90% of infants who received it.
A study found increased rates of serious pneumococcal infections among Alaska Native children who aren't protected by the current childhood vaccine. The rate increased 140% between 2004 and 2006, highlighting the need for ongoing surveillance and development of extended valency vaccines.
Researchers at the University of Georgia found that cross-immunity between dengue strains explains the timing of epidemics, with an average three-year cycle and seasonal component. The study provides a new framework for creating models to predict dengue outbreaks in various regions.
Since the introduction of PREVNAR, antibiotic-resistant invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) has decreased by 87% among all ages, 98% among children under two, and 79% among adults over 65. The vaccine has also reduced IPD caused by penicillin-resistant strains targeted by the vaccine.
Researchers sequenced and analyzed over 1.8 million genetic codes to determine functions of genes involved in polysaccharide capsule production. The new vaccine protects children from many common serotypes, but monitoring is needed to track potential changes in capsular types.
Researchers have identified compounds that inhibit the enzymatic action of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A light chain (BoNT/A LC), a crucial step towards developing new therapeutics. The findings hold promise for treating botulism and other muscle dysfunctions in humans.
A new study reveals the global spread of a virulent dengue virus strain responsible for severe disease outbreaks in Latin America and Africa. The research uses viral genetics to demonstrate the virus's movement from Asia and Africa to the Americas, shedding light on its emergence and transmission.
The University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute has licensed its DNA Bactofection technology to Microscience, enabling the delivery of DNA vaccines for viral diseases and cancers. Microscience will use the technology to develop a range of DNA vaccines, including those for typhoid, travellers' diarrhea, and hepatitis B virus infection.
Researchers found that adolescents and young adults accounted for a relatively high proportion of all cases of meningococcal meningitis. The study revealed that infection in this age group led to death more often than expected due to higher rates of smoking, ecchymoses, and septic shock.
The Neisseria meningitidis genome contains hundreds of repetitive elements that facilitate genome fluidity and antigenic variation. The most abundant element is the neisserial DNA uptake sequence, which enables transformation among different species.