Articles tagged with Small Intestine
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg discovered that intestinal bacteria regulate food transit time, controlling nutrient absorption. The hormone GLP-1 plays a key role in this process, influencing appetite control and insulin secretion.
Researchers at UCLA found that engineered tomatoes can reduce the negative effects of unsaturated lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs) in mice, which are linked to high cholesterol and inflammation. The tomatoes produce a peptide that mimics HDL ('good') cholesterol, stopping increases in 'bad' cholesterol and inflammation.
Researchers discovered 10 specialized subregions within the midgut of fruit flies, each with unique stem cell functions. These regional differences may explain why some organs generate cancer frequently while others rarely. The study sheds light on the intricate relationships between tissue organization and stem cell function.
Researchers genetically engineered tomatoes to produce a peptide that mimics the action of good cholesterol, reducing inflammation and plaque build-up in mice. The study suggests that targeting the small intestine may be a new strategy to prevent diet-induced atherosclerosis.
Researchers at University of California - San Diego discover that blocking digestive enzymes can reverse shock, reduce organ damage, and increase survival rates in animals. The study, published in Science Translational Medicine, provides novel insights into the mechanism of multiorgan failure and death.
A new study definitively links Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) to bacterial overgrowth in the gut, finding that over 30% of patients with IBS also have small intestinal bacterial overgrowth. Antibiotics are an effective treatment for IBS, according to previous clinical trials and this study
A study found that moderate alcohol consumption is associated with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), leading to gastrointestinal symptoms. Patients who drank a moderate amount of alcohol, sometimes less than one drink per day, were more likely to have SIBO.
A large-scale review of DBE found a pooled detection rate of 68.1% for all small intestinal diseases, with inflammatory lesions and vascular lesions being the most common findings in suspected mid-gastrointestinal bleeding patients. The study concluded that DBE is a valuable modality with acceptable detection and complication rates.
A McMaster University study found that stomach acid-suppressing drugs used to treat arthritis may cause damage to the small intestine, aggravating ulcers. The researchers suggest using probiotics as a potential cure for this damage.
Researchers at Children's Hospital Los Angeles successfully created a tissue-engineered small intestine in mice that replicates the intestinal structures of natural intestine. The study paves the way for long-term, durable solutions for children with intestinal failure.
A large series of 91 patients found that performing capsule endoscopy did not interfere with images captured by devices like pacemakers. The study, presented at the American College of Gastroenterology meeting, suggests that capsule endoscopy can be safely used in elderly patients with implantable cardiac devices.
Researchers investigated the role of interleukin-10 in reducing ischemia-reperfusion injury using DHP-PMX therapy. The study demonstrated that IL-10 may inhibit I/R injury, providing new insights into this critical problem.
Researchers discovered Giardia's attachment mechanism relies on an osmotic suction cup, which can be disrupted by 'tonic shock'. The parasite's grip on intestinal tissue can be broken using a timed pattern of high and low tonicity, suggesting new treatment options.
A study using a dynamic in vitro gastrointestinal tract system demonstrated that LIALDA tablets release 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) over a prolonged period in the simulated colon, with nearly 90% of 5-ASA released in the fasted state. In contrast, minimal 5-ASA was released in the stomach and small intestine.
Researchers discovered a gut protein called FXR that protects the small intestine from bacterial invasion by binding to bile acids. This finding provides hope for treating conditions of the small intestine, such as sepsis and intestinal damage.
A study of rats reveals that protein-enriched diets induce glucose synthesis in the small intestine, which is sensed by the liver and brain, ultimately leading to a decline in food consumption. This finding suggests that glucose metabolism in the small intestine may be a new target for treating food intake disorders.
Researchers discovered a new hormone called fibroblast growth factor 15 (FGF15) that regulates bile acid production in the liver and prevents damage. FGF15 is produced in the small intestine and can potentially treat conditions like cholestasis by reducing harmful bile acid levels.
A study of 43 patients found that 71% who used NSAIDs for over 90 days had visible injury to their small intestine, ranging from small erosions to severe ulcers. The study highlights the potential risks of long-term NSAID use and calls for further research on the clinical significance of these findings.
The new 'camera pill' technology has shown significant potential for diagnosing small bowel disease, particularly in conjunction with computed tomography. It can detect more abnormalities than standard imaging techniques and provide detailed images of the entire small intestine.
A study using camera pills found that people taking NSAIDs regularly are at increased risk of small intestinal mucosal ulceration and bleeding. The study, which used capsule endoscopy to visualize the entire small intestine, detected erosions in 62% of NSAID users compared to 5% of non-users.
A study published by the American College of Gastroenterology found that wireless capsule endoscopy outperformed traditional push enteroscopy in detecting small intestine lesions causing obscure GI bleeding. The technology identified potential sources of bleeding in 70% of patients, compared to 45% with push enteroscopy.
Researchers have identified a protein fragment in cereal grains that causes celiac sprue, an autoimmune disorder requiring strict gluten-free diets. A bacterial enzyme that breaks down this peptide may also offer relief to those with the condition, according to a study published in Science.
A new wireless imaging test has been developed to identify the source of gastrointestinal bleeding, enabling earlier treatment. The test, using a video capsule, was successful in diagnosing conditions not previously detected by conventional tests in 76% of cases.