Articles tagged with Malaria
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Researchers argue that focusing on small groups of households at high risk of malaria transmission is an efficient way to reduce transmission. This approach prioritizes the most infected and diseased households, benefiting the entire community.
Scientists at the University of Southampton have discovered the atomic structures of malarial enzymes responsible for vitamin B6 biosynthesis, paving the way for the development of new antimalarial chemotherapeutics. This research could lead to a breakthrough in combating malaria, which affects nearly 250 million people worldwide.
Scientists have discovered a new gene involved in lipid synthesis of Plasmodium falciparum, the major cause of human malaria. This breakthrough technique allows for the mapping of genes in the parasite, which could lead to the discovery of new medications and a better understanding of the disease.
A new MSU project aims to collect local data on preventable bacterial infections and spurs vaccine use and development in Nigeria and neighboring countries. The research focuses on diseases like pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis, with the goal of increasing vaccine uptake and monitoring their impact.
The new malaria maps provide unprecedented detail on the current global pattern of the disease, allowing researchers to track changes over time. The maps reveal complex variations in malaria risk across the globe, highlighting the need for targeted resources and tailored approaches to controlling the disease.
Researchers identified a novel cellular function that targets proteins to red blood cells, enabling them to stick to and block blood vessels. Strategies that prevent this host-targeting process could lead to new treatments for malaria. The discovery, published in the journal Cell, provides urgent need for innovative therapies.
Scientists have identified a crucial molecule called PfSET10 that instructs malaria parasites to employ their 'invisibility cloak' to hide from the immune system. The research sheds light on how Plasmodium falciparum causes disease and evades the immune response, with implications for developing targeted treatments.
A recent study warns that counterfeit and substandard anti-malarial medicines are circulating in Africa, posing a significant threat to public health. The medicines may contain wrong active pharmaceutical ingredients or artemisinin derivatives at low levels, leading to drug resistance and increased mortality.
A new study suggests that targeted mass vaccination with RTS,S in low transmission settings may be more efficient than national-level introduction via EPI programs. In high transmission areas, distributing the vaccine to three-month old infants is the most efficient strategy.
Researchers from Boston College have discovered a protein called DOC2.1 that plays a pivotal role in the progression of toxoplasmosis and malaria. The team found that the function of this protein could be genetically blocked, potentially leading to the development of new drugs that target it.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that microbial communities on the skin influence attractiveness to mosquitoes. Individuals with lower diversity and higher abundance of bacteria were more attractive to Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto mosquito, which plays a key role in malaria transmission.
Researchers engineered Anopheles mosquitoes to produce higher levels of Rel2, an immune system protein that attacks malaria parasites. The study suggests that this approach could lead to the development of malaria-resistant mosquito populations.
A new candidate malaria vaccine has been developed to neutralize all strains of the deadly Plasmodium falciparum parasite. The vaccine induces an antibody response in animal models capable of neutralizing multiple strains, providing a promising target for vaccine development.
A study estimates global malaria incidence to be 225 million episodes worldwide in 2009, using routine surveillance data. The authors find that accurate surveillance is essential for monitoring progress towards the United Nations' Millennium Development Goals and controlling malaria outbreaks.
Researchers at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine discover that malaria patients' immune system is selectively weakened, making them more susceptible to fatal salmonella infections. The team identifies Tin Protoporphyrin as a potential candidate for prevention, but further testing is needed.
Researchers develop affordable, easy-to-use devices for rapid disease diagnosis in rural communities. Innovative projects include a handheld analyser capable of identifying malaria from DNA fingerprint and a piece of woven fabric that tests blood or urine for disease.
A new study assesses the effects of malaria and its treatment in the first trimester of pregnancy, revealing that the disease increases the risk of miscarriage. However, treating with standard antimalarial drugs reduces this risk significantly.
A comprehensive supply chain map reveals challenges in accessing anti-malarial drugs in Africa due to economic, political and infrastructural barriers. Local transport options like donkey carts and bicycles should be considered for rural areas.
University of Iowa researchers have found a way to cure mice of bloodstream malaria infections by rescuing an immune system pathway. The study's findings suggest that blocking the action of inhibitory receptor molecules could be an effective strategy for treating existing malaria infections.
Research reveals that most seabirds are free of malaria parasites, but certain groups like frigatebirds and birds with longer fledgling periods are more susceptible. Climate conditions do play a role, but not as expected, with warmer temperatures increasing rates of infection.
Researchers will scan 25 children using a four-time stronger MRI machine to validate initial evidence about brain damage and disease progression. The findings could lead to significant new approaches to prevent or minimize cerebral malaria's destructive effects.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have developed a novel antimalarial agent, BCX4945, which kills the deadliest malaria parasite by starving it of vital building blocks. The study shows promising results in non-human primates, paving the way for more potent therapies against this deadly disease.
A new map reveals substantial parts of South Asia and Latin America are home to a deadly form of malaria, Plasmodium vivax. Vivax is harder to detect and cure than falciparum malaria, with limited treatment options available.
A mutation on the surface of human red blood cells provides protection against malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax. Research found that the parasite binds less easily to cells expressing a specific variant of the Duffy blood group antigen, reducing the risk of infection.
Researchers have identified new ways to target and kill the malaria parasite in human bloodstreams, which could lead to the development of new anti-malarial drugs. The discovery provides a promising avenue for combating the disease, but also highlights the need for continued efforts to address growing resistance to current treatments.
A recent study published in PLOS Medicine found that zinc supplementation does not protect young Tanzanian children against malaria. The research suggested that multi-nutrient supplementation may even increase the risk of malaria in children with iron deficiency.
Researchers discovered that a degradation product of defective hemoglobin blocks the establishment of a trafficking system used by the malaria parasite, preventing circulatory disorders and neurological complications. The study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism behind the protective effect of sickle-cell anemia against...
Researchers have identified a new class of compounds, known as the imidazolopiperazine (IP) cluster, that could target both liver and blood stages of malaria infection. The IP cluster, including compound GNF179, showed promise in treating malaria-infected mice, extending survival by an average of 19 days.
Researchers at Novartis have discovered a new class of dual-acting antimalarial compounds, the imidazolopiperazines (IZPs), which target both liver and blood infections. These compounds attack the Plasmodium parasite at both stages in its reproduction cycle, showing promise as a next-generation treatment for malaria.
A study found contrasting patterns of malaria drug resistance in human blood and mosquito midgut samples, with pyrimethamine-resistant parasites dominating human blood and cycloguanil-resistant mutants prevalent in mosquitoes.
Three artemisinin-based combination therapies were found to be highly effective in clearing the Plasmodium falciparum parasite in African children. DHAPQ was shown to have the longest post-treatment prophylaxis, making it a valid third option for treatment.
A new artemisinin-based treatment has been shown to be highly effective in treating uncomplicated malaria, particularly in regions with high re-infection risks. The study, which involved over 4,000 children in sub-Saharan Africa, found that the combination therapy had excellent efficacy and significantly reduced recurrent infections.
Research suggests climate change is increasing avian malaria and other mosquito-borne diseases in Hawaiian forests, threatening the survival of endemic bird species. Native birds have adapted to these changes by developing tolerance to malaria, allowing them to expand their ranges into previously inhospitable areas.
Researchers have discovered that malaria and other insect-borne diseases have existed for at least 100 million years, co-evolving with birds and monkeys. The study uses preserved insects in amber to reveal the evolution of these pathogens, making it difficult to conquer them.
A new research technology is screening human blood serum samples for immunity to malaria-causing Plasmodium falciparum parasite proteins. Researchers found that young children are more vulnerable to malaria due to limited immunity to various protein variants.
Researchers have found a new potential therapeutic approach to treat malaria by targeting parasite proteins in exosomes. In a mouse model of malaria infection, immunizing with rex containing parasite proteins resulted in full protection upon lethal infections in 85% of the animals.
Researchers at the University of South Florida have discovered that dormant malaria parasites in red blood cells can recover after antimalarial drug therapy, contributing to treatment failure. The study found a positive association between the number of dormant parasites and when malaria infection re-emerged.
The Phase III trial of RTS,S, a malaria vaccine candidate, demonstrates significant protection against clinical and severe malaria in African children aged 5 to 17 months. The results show the vaccine can provide young African children with significant protection against malaria, with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile.
A Phase III trial of RTS,S, a malaria vaccine candidate, has shown significant protection against clinical and severe malaria in young African children. The vaccine reduced the risk of malaria by 56% and 47% after three doses, with an acceptable safety and tolerability profile.
The Atlas of Malaria-Eliminating Countries highlights countries successfully moving toward eliminating the disease, providing a visual tool to help focus resources. Thirty-six countries are making rapid progress towards malaria elimination, with the atlas showing where pockets of transmission remain and how the disease is concentrated.
BioLynx Technologies Pte Ltd has launched a new biotech company to provide research tools targeting the international malaria research community. The company's LynxTag TM technology platform demonstrates biological activity similar to chloroquine, enabling researchers to visualize intracellular drug-cell interactions.
Scientists found that indoor spraying with bendiocarb dramatically reduced malaria transmission to near zero in Benin. The study's results provide reassurance that insecticides can still play a vital role in reducing the burden of malaria across Africa despite pyrethroid resistance.
Researchers at Michigan State University have created a new malaria vaccine that combines an immune-stimulating gene with a disabled cold virus, increasing the immune response against the parasite. The vaccine was found to be more effective than previously developed systems in animal models, paving the way for human clinical trials.
Researchers developed a whole-parasite malaria vaccine that produced strong immune responses in a clinical trial. The vaccine, the first of its kind to earn FDA approval, showed promise in preventing malaria by inducing high levels of protective immunity.
A recent study published in PLoS Medicine found that ownership of at least one insecticide-treated bed net reduces malaria infections and child deaths by 20% and 23%, respectively. The study analyzed data from 29 health surveys in 22 sub-Saharan African countries, providing strong evidence for the effectiveness of bed nets.
A multi-country analysis shows that ITN ownership reduces child malaria parasites by 20% and child deaths by 23%. The findings support the widespread provision of ITNs as a key intervention in controlling malaria.
Researchers found that children with malaria are more susceptible to bacteraemia due to the infection itself, not a natural protection from the sickle cell gene. Malaria prevention strategies may also reduce invasive bacterial infections, with an estimated 50% of cases in endemic areas attributed to Plasmodium falciparum.
Scientists at UCSF have identified a crucial chemical that the malaria parasite produces internally, allowing it to survive in human blood. This insight provides a powerful tool for discovering and designing new treatments.
Researchers at Stanford and UCSF have developed a novel method to grow large volumes of modified malaria parasites that no longer cause the disease, revealing how the parasite's survival depends on isopentenyl pyrophosphate. This breakthrough could speed up drug development and provide a basis for an effective vaccine against malaria.
A Danish research group has discovered a significant decline in malaria mosquito populations in certain Tanzanian villages without organized mosquito control. The researchers attribute the decrease to changes in precipitation patterns, which may be linked to global climate change.
Researchers have discovered how malaria parasites camouflage themselves from the immune system of pregnant women, allowing them to go undetected. This finding has significant implications for developing a vaccine to protect expectant mothers from maternal malaria.
Research in Senegal found growing resistance to a common insecticide class among mosquitoes, coupled with increased susceptibility of older children and adults, resulting in malaria resurgence. The study suggests that new strategies are urgently needed to mitigate the devastating effects of insecticide resistance on malaria control.
A new study reveals that female mosquitoes cannot detect the fertility status of their mates, making it difficult to control mosquito populations and prevent the spread of malaria. Researchers found that females will mate with both fertile and spermless males, leading to a loss of reproductive opportunities.
Researchers identified 32 effective compounds against malaria parasites, including 10 new compounds and 7 that are more active than artemisinin at lower concentrations. The study suggests targeting the same three parasite genes simultaneously to disarm the parasite and provides leads for multi-drug regimens.
A novel DNA-sensing mechanism plays a role in the innate immune response to Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes malaria. The study identifies an unknown receptor coupling to molecules linked with DNA-mediated type I interferon production, suggesting a broader impact on infectious diseases.
Scientists at UMass Chan Medical School discovered a novel DNA-sensing pathway that contributes to the triggering of an innate immune response in malaria. This pathway leads to the production of excessive type-1 interferon, causing inflammation and fever in patients.
A study funded by the Wellcome Trust found that sending text message reminders to healthcare workers in rural Africa improved the implementation of national guidelines for treating malaria. The intervention resulted in a 25% improvement in health workers' practices, leading to more patients receiving accurate antimalarial treatment.
A six-month study in Kenya found that daily text-message reminders improved correct malaria treatment management by 23.7%, with significant effects on patient adherence to medication. The intervention is cheap and can be scaled up nationally, making it a promising low-cost strategy for improving health worker performance.
A team of biochemists at the University of Arizona discovered that disrupting a molecular process used by mosquitoes to direct proteins to their proper destinations causes more than 90 percent of affected mosquitoes to die within 48 hours of blood feeding. This approach could be used as an additional strategy in the worldwide effort to...
Researchers have discovered that malaria parasites employ camouflage to avoid detection by the immune system in pregnant women. This allows the parasite to infect the placenta, putting both the mother and unborn child at risk. The study provides insight into the complex ways in which malaria evades the human immune response.