Articles tagged with Pollinators
A new study reveals slight declines in bee species in the northeastern US over a 140-year period, with only three species of bumble bees experiencing rapid population collapse. Other bee species, such as the oil bee, show more gradual declines or increases in proportion.
Researchers at the University of Bristol discovered that flowers produce electric signals to attract pollinators like bumblebees. These signals can convey information about nectar and pollen reserves, improving flower-pollinator communication.
Researchers create mathematical model of plant petals to understand iridescence and its role in attracting pollinators. The study, published in Journal of the Royal Society Interface, provides a first analysis of how petal surface patterns might be produced.
Researchers have discovered two new species of Caribbean orchid belonging to the Laeliinae family. The new species, Encyclia navarroi and Tetramicra riparia, were found in Cuba's eastern and western zones respectively.
Research suggests that reducing pavement and increasing natural habitat can improve nesting opportunities for wild bees. Bees will also forage further away from their home nest if the surrounding landscape is less heterogeneous, seeking out species-rich patches.
A new study reveals that the insect-eating pallid bat is a more effective pollinator of cardon cactus flowers than the nectar-feeding lesser long-nosed bat. The pallid bat delivers more pollen per visit, with some areas being frequent enough visitors to be more effective overall.
A recent study discovered that small patches of native plants within fruit orchards can enhance pollinator services, increasing mango production. The presence of these patches has been shown to increase the number of visits from honeybees and wild pollinators, leading to improved crop yields.
Studies show that hummingbirds using more energy to feed from vertically oriented flowers, challenging previous hypotheses on flower evolution. Researchers suggest other factors dictate flower orientation, including excluding less efficient pollinators and nectar dilution.
The pollination services provided by insects like bees and hover-flies are crucial for global food production, but declining pollinators threaten this ecosystem service. The loss of pollinators could lead to reduced crop yields and decreased fruit and vegetable availability, exacerbating food insecurity.
A special issue of Botany highlights CANPOLIN researchers' multipronged approach to pollination biology, examining topics such as climate change impacts and pollen limitation. The issue presents key findings on pollinator diversity and network analyses for conservation strategies.
Research suggests that herbivores may have driven the evolution of unique inflorescence architecture in Babiana ringens, a South African plant. The plant's ground-level flowers are protected from herbivores, while apical flowers are eaten, leading to higher reproductive success.
Researchers discovered that hawkmoths can detect minuscule differences in humidity near flowers to determine if they have enough nectar. This allows the moths to quickly evaluate flowers and avoid wasting energy on unprofitable ones.
Researchers discovered that arum family plants evolved their scent along pre-existing communication of scarab beetles, not through mutual adaptation. This finding suggests coevolution between plants and pollinators might be less common than thought.
Four new species of Panops spider flies have been described from Australia, characterized by their jewel-like appearance and ability to feed on nectar. The larvae of these flies are internal parasites that prolong the life of juvenile spiders by living inside them for years, ultimately leading to the spider's death.
A study reveals that heavy metal pollution from smelters causes a decline in wild bee communities, with up to 50% of dead bees found in heavily contaminated sites. The findings highlight the need for careful restoration of polluted areas to protect these vital pollinators.
Researchers found that buttercup flowers' bright yellow reflection is due to their unique petal structure, which doubles the gloss through two flat surfaces and an air gap. The study provides insight into how flowers attract pollinators like bees.
A study of over 60,000 individual fig flowers found that male pollinator fig wasps work together to chew escape tunnels for their females, increasing escape rates. In contrast, non-pollinating parasitic fig wasps, which are driven by aggression, fail to cooperate and have lower success rates.
New research reveals that columbines achieved a rapid radiation of 70 species through a simple change in cell shape, not cell proliferation. The extent of cell elongation drives diverse spur lengths across species.
A European herb has figured out its own way to survive in environments with low pollinator density, using a delayed selfing mechanism to guarantee seed production. The study found that when populations are small and/or pollinators are scarce, plants can augment seed production via autonomous self-pollination.
A new mathematical model simulates the effect of climate change on plant-pollinator relationships. In some cases, evolution can rescue mutually dependent species from extinction, but density and distribution of other species play a crucial role in their survival.
A new study found that the evolutionary shaping of floral scents in oil-secreting orchids is more closely tied to their genetic history than to natural selection driven by specific pollinators. Researchers discovered that scent profiles fell along phylogenetic lines, even when different bee species were involved.
Bumble bees, like honey bees, are important pollinators of native plants. Entomologist James Strange is studying a generalist named Bombus huntii that could be used in greenhouses in the western United States as a replacement for declining B. occidentalis populations.
A rainforest vine has evolved a dish-shaped leaf with strong echoes to attract bat pollinators. The researchers found that the leaf reduces search times by 50% when presented above a feeder, indicating its effectiveness as an echo beacon.
Researchers discovered that trees in Chilean forests relying on hoverflies for pollination fare better when separated by resource-poor pine plantations than by agricultural lands. The 'Circe Principle' explains how abundant resources can slow or prevent pollinator movement, challenging existing conservation models.
A new study shows that globally, animal-pollinated crops contain a majority of dietary lipids, vitamins A, C, and E, and minerals like calcium and iron. Without pollinators, up to 40% of essential nutrients could be lost.
A USGS study found that native bee communities are shaped by local factors, such as soil type, tree density, and fire frequency, rather than the composition of a plant community. Specialist bees tend to live in open areas with native plants, particularly in disturbed habitats like burned areas and residential zones.
Scientists have found a mid-season decline in wildflowers at high-altitude meadows, affecting pollinator populations. This shift is attributed to climate change, which alters moisture availability and flowering timing, leading to ecosystem-wide impacts on animals that feed on pollen and nectar.
A €3.5M European Commission-funded project is working to understand the causes of pollinator declines and develop ways to manage landscapes for wild bee conservation. The STEP project aims to safeguard pollinators providing essential services to crops and wildflowers.
The U.S. Geological Survey has launched an updated version of its Butterflies and Moths of North America (BAMONA) website, featuring improved data collection and dissemination technologies. Verified sighting records are now immediately available on the site's home page, allowing for more efficient monitoring of pollinator populations.
Researchers found that bee-pollinated Penstemon species have distinct genetic clusters per mountain range, while bird-pollinated species show less genetic structure across ranges. Hummingbirds facilitate gene flow among distant populations, constraining local adaptations.
Native pollinators such as wild bees and wasps infected with RNA viruses, transmitted via pollen. Viral diseases may impact pollinator populations and ecosystem health.
A new study reveals that elephant-shrews consume the nectar of Pagoda lily flowers and pollinate them. The animals' long noses and tongues allow them to access the nectar without damaging the flowers. This discovery sheds light on the unusual group of non-flying mammals known for their pollination abilities.
The Eastern marsh helleborine orchid produces alarm substances that mimic aphid pheromones, attracting five species of hoverflies. Hoverfly females lay eggs in the flower, which also provides a small amount of nectar as a reward.
Growing plants with red flowers or striped blooms can significantly increase the number of visits from bumblebees, according to a study by Norwich BioScience Institutes. The research found that stripes following the veins of flowers provide a visual guide for pollinators, directing them to nectar and pollen.
The Solomon's lily plant attracts drosophilid flies by mimicking the yeasty odor of fermentation using six chemicals. This deception is rooted in a deeply conserved neuronal pathway specifically tuned to yeast odors, exploiting an ancient instinct in flies for pollination and food.
Research reveals that carnivorous plants like sundews prioritize pollination over insect safety, with taller flowers attracting more visitors. A study of two sundew species found that longer stems increased flower visits by ten times compared to shorter ones.
The USDA research found that bee pastures can support the growth of healthy young bees by up to fivefold a year. The pastures feature native California plants such as Chinese houses and lacy phacelia, providing a practical and environmentally friendly way to promote pollinator populations.
Researchers developed a novel hybrid of two orchid species, creating a unique scent that attracted a distinct wild bee. The offspring's floral odor was highly attractive to solitary bees unfamiliar with the parent plants' scent.
The Nicotiana attenuata tobacco plant has developed a clever strategy to combat herbivorous caterpillars: it opens its flowers in the morning instead of at night. This change in flower phenology also attracts a new pollinator, the local hummingbird, which is satisfied with just nectar rewards.
A researcher has used motion-sensitive night cameras to capture the first known instance of a cricket functioning as an orchid pollinator. The 'raspy' cricket is also entirely new to science and has been found to be a surprisingly efficient pollinator, with higher rates of pollination and fruit set in certain orchid species.
Researchers explore the development and morphology of insect-mimicking spots on the flower petals of a South African beetle daisy. The study found that these spots are composed of three types of epidermal cells, each spanning four fused petal lobes, and are influenced by UV reflectivity and anthocyanin pigment.
Researchers have found that certain orchids, including the Dendrobium sinense species on the Chinese island of Hainan, produce a chemical mimicry that fools hornet pollinators. This unique deception is achieved through the production of Z-11-eicosen-1-ol, a rare compound that attracts hornets and other wasps.
A recent study reveals that honeybee populations are increasing worldwide, contrary to concerns of a 'pollination crisis'. However, the demand for crops relying on insect pollination has more than tripled over the last half century.
Despite pollinator decline, global crop yields have consistently grown at 1.5% per year since 1961 due to agricultural improvements. However, research detected warning signs of growing demand for pollinators and declining yield growth in highly dependent crops.
A study estimates the economic value of insect pollination worldwide at €153 billion in 2005, which represented 9.5% of global agricultural production. The loss of pollinators would result in a consumer surplus loss of €190-310 billion due to price elasticity of demand.
Ecologists assess the impact of human activity on bee populations and explore alternatives with native bees serving as 'biological insurance.' A study found that areas with extreme fragmentation have smaller bee populations and fewer species.
A study published in Functional Ecology reveals that plants producing high-quality pollen have closer relationships with pollinators, which is crucial for the survival of certain bumblebee species. The research found that plants relying on insects for pollination produce pollen with 65% more protein than those not reliant on insects.
A University of Virginia study finds that air pollution destroys flower scents by up to 90 percent, impairing pollinators' ability to locate flowers. This decline in fragility contributes to the declining populations of bees and butterflies, which are essential for food production.
A study by University of Reading scientists reveals that parasitic wasps may help stabilize the mutually beneficial relationship between tropical figs and pollinator wasps. The wasps' offspring are more likely to be attacked by parasitic wasps in outer ovules, prompting them to avoid laying eggs there.
The sizes and positions of floral anthers facilitate pollen collection by buzz-pollinating bees, according to Dr. Endress's work. Slight genetic changes can affect flower morphology and pollinator compatibility, highlighting the importance of understanding these interactions.
Researchers discovered that plant nectar contains secondary compounds, including nicotine, which repel pollinators and attract 'nectar thieves'. This finding suggests that plants may produce nectar to increase genetic diversity by attracting more visitors despite the potential risk of poisoning insects.
A new study proposes that two key mechanisms, trait complementarity and barriers to exploitation, explain the structure of actual networks of plants and their pollinators. The models incorporating these mechanisms better mimic real networks, suggesting a balance between specialist and generalist interactions.
Researchers discovered that bumblebee workers specialize in tasks such as incubating young and fanning wings to cool the nest. The study found strong evidence for job specialization, with larger bees taking on foraging tasks, and smaller bees performing temperature-regulation duties.
A new study estimates that 87 out of 115 leading global crops depend to some degree on animal pollination, accounting for one-third of crop production globally. This reliance on pollinators is particularly concerning due to the decline in key North American pollinator populations.
Biologists at UCSD discovered red and yellow monkeyflowers have distinct pollinators, with hummingbirds preferred for the red form and hawkmoths for the yellow. The shift in flower color is likely due to natural selection by these different pollinators.
Research led by University of Leeds finds significant declines in wild bee and flower diversity in Britain and Netherlands over 25 years. A small number of common generalist pollinators are replacing rarer specialist species, threatening the future of plant reproduction.
Research reveals that plant species in highly diverse ecosystems face reduced fruit production due to inadequate pollination. This lack of pollination hinders the survival and reproduction of plants, posing a significant threat to their extinction.
A global study reveals that plants in highly diverse ecosystems, such as South American and Southeast Asian jungles, suffer lower pollination rates and reduced reproductive success. This could push certain plant species towards extinction.
A global study of over 1,000 pollination experiments found that high plant diversity can lead to reduced pollination and reproductive success. This reduction in fruit and seed production may push vulnerable species towards extinction.
A new study finds that high levels of pollen limitation in species-rich regions may lead to extinctions due to insufficient pollination. Plant species in these areas often compete intensely for pollinators, resulting in reduced fruit and seed production. This threatens the survival of not only plants but also animals dependent on them.