Articles tagged with Weeds
A five-year field study found that indaziflam reduces downy brome abundance and enables native perennial grass cover. Indaziflam delivered longer-term benefits compared to imazapic, controlling downy brome across the entire study period.
Scientists found that weedy rice has developed herbicide resistance through gene flow from crop rice, with most fields showing resistant plants within 20 years of herbicide-resistant rice cultivation. This rapid evolution is due to the close proximity of weedy and crop rice in the same fields, allowing for pollen transfer and outcrossing.
A recent study found that a single high-performing cover crop can effectively suppress weeds, even surpassing the benefits of mixtures containing multiple species. The research demonstrated that monoculture cover crops, such as buckwheat and oat, outperformed average mixtures in terms of productivity and weed suppression.
Research finds Palmer amaranth populations in Arkansas and two Southern states are resistant to S-metolachlor, a Group 15 herbicide. Resistant populations require more herbicide to control seedling emergence, but remain susceptible to other VLCFA inhibitors like dimethenamid-P and pyroxasulfone.
Pairing prescribed burning with the residual herbicide indaziflam provides better control of downy brome than either method used alone. Burning stimulates native species and impedes emergence of new seedlings, while indaziflam helps maintain plant community diversity.
A new online database, The Database of Pollinator Interactions (DoPI), provides a wealth of information on pollinator-plant interactions. It contains over 300,000 recorded interactions between more than 2,000 pollinator species and 1,000 plant species, helping users select pollinator-friendly species to plant in their gardens.
Researchers found that electrocution treatments can eliminate up to 97% of late-season, herbicide-resistant waterhemp plants. The treatments also reduced weed seed viability by 54-80%, with some studies showing yield losses of 11-26%.
A Dartmouth-led study found that urban gardens with rare plant species tend to attract rare bee and bird species. Women, older gardeners, and those living near the gardens are more likely to curate these rare plants, suggesting a cascading effect on biodiversity.
Researchers identified peak emergence times for 15 problematic weed species in the Northeast, revealing that waiting till after June 1 can avoid common ragweed. Flexible crop rotations and weather-based predictions can help farmers plan ahead and control weeds more effectively.
A research team at MedUni Vienna has discovered key mechanisms of mugwort allergy, laying the foundation for a potential vaccine. The study found that fragments of the major mugwort pollen allergen can be used for effective therapy, providing a promising first step towards causal therapy and prevention.
Herbicide companies are shifting their research focus to address growing resistance, using AI, X-ray crystallography, and computer simulations to predict target enzymes and inhibit herbicides. This could lead to new commercial products, but experts caution farmers to moderate use and consider additional crop protection tools.
A recent review of 25 years of data on herbicide-resistant crops found they can play a key role in integrated weed management, reducing herbicide use and weed population selection pressure. However, growers often rely solely on these crops, leading to widespread herbicide-resistant weed populations.
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency has granted permission for Aceria angustifoliae, a shoot-and-flower-attacking eriophyid mite, to be released in Canada under the authority of the Canadian Plant Protection Act. The mite is expected to help control Russian olive's aggressive spread and was assessed as having a very narrow host range.
Scientists at UF/IFAS have recorded the first North American case of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma brasiliense' in yellow nutsedge, a highly invasive and aggressive weed. This discovery poses significant threats to agriculture and ornamental industries in the US.
Research reveals that climate change and drought can cause significant yield losses in soybeans, even with high levels of weed control. To mitigate this, farmers need to adopt integrated weed management strategies, including the use of soil-residual herbicides and late-maturing soybean varieties.
A University research team explored the impact of environmental conditions on remote sensing results. They found that light reflections vary by weed species and density, allowing for more accurate differentiation between crops and weeds.
A massive study on white clover found that urbanization leads to adaptive evolution at a global scale. RIT scientists collected over 110,000 samples from 160 cities across six continents to test a chemical defense compound's effect on stress tolerance.
A new study finds that weed species classified as 'injurious weeds' support higher diversity and abundance of pollinators compared to recommended plants. The research suggests that these weeds produce more nectar sugar, making them a valuable resource for flower-visiting insects.
Researchers at Colorado State University are developing an RNA-based method for controlling herbicide-resistant weeds using gene-silencing technology. The goal is to create a non-genetically modified, shelf-stable spray that targets specific strands of RNA in weed cells, leaving crops untouched.
A study by University of Illinois researchers found that applying dicamba at the latest growth stage and using a safener can help minimize injury to sweet corn. The results suggest that dicamba could be used safely in sweet corn with proper application timing and formulation, offering practical guidance for farmers.
A new study confirms a tiny mite, Aculus crassulae, shows promise as a biological control agent against the invasive aquatic weed Crassula helmsii in the UK and Europe. The research reveals that A. crassulae favours C. helmsii, reducing its vegetative growth and promoting leaf senescence.
Researchers have developed a novel herbicide delivery system using capsules that drill into invasive weeds, providing a safer and more effective alternative to traditional methods. The system has shown promising results in reducing herbicide usage by 30% while maintaining effectiveness against various weed species.
Researchers have confirmed a Champaign County waterhemp population is resistant to dicamba, with a 65% control rate. The population shows signs of metabolic resistance, activating detoxification genes before the chemical can harm. This finding raises concerns about the potential for broader herbicide resistance.
Researchers found a marked increase in horseweed infestations over five years, with the weed appearing in every county surveyed annually. The study also identified significant clusters of horseweed movement, highlighting the need for proactive control measures to reduce yield losses.
University of Illinois researchers discovered waterhemp's unique mechanism to detoxify the herbicide SA3, adding complexity to controlling this weed. This finding raises concerns about the potential for waterhemp to resist new herbicides before they are even commercialized.
Scientists have developed a method to produce strigolactones, a group of plant hormones that prevent excessive budding and branching. By combining yeast and bacteria, researchers can synthesize these hormones from microbes, providing a promising alternative to traditional methods.
Researchers found that late-season weeds had a significant impact on corn yields, with minimal control resulting in an average loss of 50% and exacerbating crop losses under hot or dry conditions. The study suggests that climate change is not the only factor affecting corn yield, but rather its interaction with weeds.
Researchers found that no-till production farmers can reduce herbicide use by implementing integrated weed-management practices, such as high-residue cultivation and seeding companion crops. Despite increased weed pressure, crop yields and profits were not significantly affected.
Research at Washington University in St. Louis reveals that white clover's chemical defense against insect pests comes from both of its parental species, not just one as previously thought. The plant's ecological success can be attributed to this cyanogenesis process.
A new study reveals that 1,330 nurseries and retailers sell hundreds of invasive plant species, including 20 illegal ones. Regional regulation and outreach are needed to reduce their spread.
Researchers identify gene regions responsible for non-target-site herbicide resistance in waterhemp, a key step towards early detection and management tools. By analyzing the genome of waterhemp, scientists have narrowed down the genetic regions controlling resistance to two areas, paving the way for further studies.
A new study suggests that growing stinkweed as a crop could produce cleaner jet fuel with fewer environmental impacts than other biofuels. The study found that stinkweed requires less fertilizer and pesticides, resulting in lower carbon dioxide emissions and air pollution.
Researchers identified 19 gluten-like proteins in ryegrass, a common weed contaminating gluten-free crops. The study aims to develop tests to detect these proteins in food products.
A study by Michigan State University found that horseweed's growth type is influenced by environmental cues, with rosette plants emerging in response to temperature and photoperiod variations. Upright plants, resistant to glyphosate, are three- to four-fold less sensitive than their rosette siblings, making them harder to control.
New research shows that dense sweet pittosporum canopies reduce bird richness and abundance, leading to declines in ground-dwelling birds. Restoration projects must balance weed control with retention of structural value to support local plants and animals.
A University of Córdoba study found that mixing two herbicides in laboratories results in a more effective and environmentally friendly method for controlling difficult-to-control weeds. The commercial mixture was shown to have a lower environmental impact than manual mixing, reducing risks and boosting effectiveness by 10-20%.
Researchers highlight Minnesota's success in eradicating Palmer amaranth, a hard-to-control noxious weed that can significantly reduce crop yields. The state's coordinated approach, including broad cooperation among stakeholders and swift action, led to the eradication of infestations at multiple sites across the state.
A global consortium led by CSU scientists is sequencing complete genomes of 10 intractable weed species to advance humanity's approach to weeds and crops. The project aims to develop genomic tools for improved management and reduce the use of unsustainable practices like soil tillage.
A new rapid 'leaf-disk assay' uses chlorophyll fluorescence emissions to determine herbicide resistance. The technique quickly identifies resistant populations, enabling growers to take proactive steps against spreading resistant weeds.
A new genetic test has been developed by U of M researchers to identify Palmer Amaranth, which can cause significant yield loss in corn, soybean, and cotton crops. The test, which shows 99.9% accuracy, could be commercially available by the end of 2021.
A study by James Cook University found that invasive plants rapidly adapt to new regions, growing and reproducing faster in tropical environments. This trend suggests that global warming will increase invasive impacts in these areas.
A new study has identified pantaphos as the molecule responsible for causing onion center rot. The researchers also discovered that pantaphos can act as an effective herbicide and is toxic to glioblastoma cells, making it a promising candidate for agricultural and biomedical applications.
Researchers have discovered that extracts from the invasive weed Andropogon virginicus show promise in treating type 2 diabetes and blood cancer by inhibiting cell damage and killing cancer cells. The team plans to further test the compounds and develop functional pharmaceuticals.
Researchers found that environmental conditions and agronomic factors influence seed production and shattering patterns in four major weeds of the Pacific Northwest. Feral rye showed the greatest potential for harvest-time control due to slower shattering rates, while rattail fescue was a poor candidate.
Scott Senseman, UT Department Head, receives highest honor from WSSA for his work in weed science and education. He emphasizes the importance of developing the next generation of weed scientists to address global food security challenges.
A study found that variable weather conditions make pre-emergence herbicides less effective, leading to increased use of post-emergence herbicides. Herbicide combinations can help minimize rainfall requirements and improve weed control.
Researchers found dicamba interferes with glyphosate and clethodim control, reducing effectiveness by 25% and 6.5% respectively. Junglerice was the most prevalent weed to escape treatment in dicamba-resistant fields.
Researchers have identified key genes responsible for male sexual organs in two problematic agricultural weeds. Understanding these genes could lead to new ways to control the weeds' spread. Dioecy, a rare plant reproductive trait, allows the weeds to evade multiple herbicides and adapt to environments.
The journal Invasive Plant Science and Management has launched a new series on the biology of invasive plants, focusing on emerging threats such as Pyrachantha augustifolia. The series aims to provide practical recommendations for intervening with invasive plant species and alerting biosecurity managers.
A Cornell University-led team is developing more sustainable organic farming practices that balance productivity, environmental impact, and growers' quality of life. The project uses cover crops like rye to suppress weeds and reduce soil degradation.
A new study shows early-terminated rye can effectively suppress weeds in edamame without harming the crop, increasing yield and reducing contamination. However, other crops like lima bean may not benefit from this approach due to their nitrogen-fixing limitations.
Researchers found that cereal rye cover crops can reduce horseweed density, but may not eliminate herbicide needs. Planting green with undisturbed cover crops increased biomass and soybean yields.
University of Tennessee Extension specialists share perspectives on integrating cover crops into cotton systems, highlighting benefits and drawbacks. Earlier termination of the cover crop and moving residue away from rows can improve stand establishment, according to research.
Researchers found that four out of seven commercial formulations of dicamba and 2,4-D became highly acidic when mixed with glyphosate, increasing volatility. High temperatures and low wind speeds resulted in greater soybean injury, while dicamba produced more injury than 2,4-D.
Harvest aids accelerate natural processes to minimize trash, improve quality, and expedite harvesting. The timing of application is crucial, considering factors like labor availability, weather, and regional preferences.
Planting cover crops is a key strategy for effective integrated weed management in cotton, offering benefits like improved Palmer amaranth control and reduced herbicide input. Research shows that cover crops can also mitigate wind and water erosion, while minimizing labor and improving cotton stand.
Researchers have published the most comprehensive genome information for three troublesome agricultural weeds, which could lead to better understanding of herbicide resistance. The genomes will help identify specific enzymes responsible for detoxifying herbicides, enabling scientists to develop new control methods.
Researchers call for integrated management strategy to combat Mimosa diplotricha's impact on crop yields, biodiversity, and local livelihoods. The invasive weed is threatening the region's agricultural productivity and socio-ecological balance.
Researchers have discovered that a single molecular descriptor can predict the solution behavior of therapeutic antibodies with greater than 90% accuracy. This finding could enable faster and more efficient drug development for monoclonal antibody-based therapies.
Researchers analyzed how ovarian function in mice responded to various levels of glyphosate exposure and found increased ovarian weight and follicle number at highest exposure levels. However, the study did not uncover evidence that glyphosate affects the healthy functioning of ovaries.