Articles tagged with Signaling Complexes
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
In a study on chimpanzee communication, researchers found that males combined the 'leaf clip' gesture with pant hoots, making them more salient and acoustically complex. This behavior emerged during an alpha male takeover and may help alleviate stress and competition among males.
The Large Antenna Positioning System (LAPS) has been developed by NIST to measure transmissions to and from antennas on fast-moving mobile devices, requiring coordination between communication signals and robot motion. The system will help foster the development of 5G wireless and spectrum-sharing systems.
A new AI-powered traffic management system called SimplifAI will be tested in Manchester, aiming to reduce congestion and improve air quality. The system, developed by Professor Lee McCluskey and his team, can analyze data and devise complex strategies in a fraction of the time required by human operators.
A study by University of Houston researchers used publicly available emails from Hillary Clinton and Sarah Palin to analyze the characteristics of phishing emails. The results showed that participants had a 52% accuracy rate in detecting real emails, while more complex grammar fooled 74% of them.
Researchers from the University of Exeter have developed a method to use graphene to generate complex and controllable sound signals, opening up new possibilities for audio-visual technologies. The technique involves heating and cooling graphene using an alternating electric current, generating sound waves without physical movement.
Researchers found that male songbirds' ability to learn songs is positively associated with specific cognitive abilities like color reversal and spatial learning, but not overall intelligence. This contrasts with humans and other animals where cognitive abilities tend to correlate across tasks.
Researchers have identified 3207 consistent confusions in English listeners, revealing types of word misperceptions in noise. The corpus provides valuable insights into speech perception processes and their technical clinical applications.
Michigan State University researchers are studying how electric fish signals evolve in a natural hybrid zone along Gabon's Louetsi River. The discovery could help identify genes underlying complex and simple electric signals.
Researchers found that norepinephrine enhances the ability of neurons to code for complex sounds by decreasing background noise firing. This mechanism is separate from estradiol's effects and provides new insights into neuromodulator interactions and auditory processing.
Researchers at the Buck Institute discovered that macrophage-like hemocytes play a crucial role in regulating stem cell activity in the fly gut. This complex signaling interaction helps control intestinal regeneration after damage, but goes awry with age, potentially contributing to human diseases like IBS and colorectal cancer.
Researchers discovered that complex nerve-cell signaling genes evolved over 600 million years ago in the common ancestor of humans and sea anemones. This finding suggests that many mechanisms controlling electrical impulses in neurons were not present in the earliest nervous systems.
Researchers from Chongqing University have discovered a new method to compress laser linewidth based on Rayleigh backscattering, achieving ultra-narrow linewidths of hundreds of hertz. This breakthrough enables the development of portable laser devices with precise optical signals, revolutionizing fields like spectroscopy and sensing.
Researchers develop robot that induces feeling of 'ghost' presence in healthy participants by sending mixed-up sensorimotor signals. The phenomenon is linked to damage in frontoparietal cortex and may shed light on schizophrenic hallucinations.
Researchers discovered that faulty dopamine signaling can alter the activity of over 2,000 genes in the brain's prefrontal cortex, potentially leading to schizophrenia and other complex neuropsychiatric disorders. The study suggests a potential therapeutic approach using dopamine activators to restore normal signaling.
Scientists have identified a crucial region and pathway involved in the formation of the front-most portion of developing vertebrate embryos. The extreme anterior domain (EAD) orchestrates proper facial structure through signals that also affect adjacent regions, leading to significant defects when disrupted.
Researchers at Duke University, University of Michigan, and Stanford University have determined the underlying architecture of a cellular signaling complex involved in responding to stimuli such as light and pain. The findings reveal a two-step mechanism that has been hypothesized previously but not directly documented.
A breakthrough in amplifier design for mobile phone masts could reduce CO2 emissions by around 0.5 million tonnes a year, with an estimated saving of half a mid-size power station's output if 10,000 base stations were fitted.
Researchers created 3D X-ray movies of a blowfly's flight muscles, showcasing their complex movements and control. The study provides new insights into how flies manage to perform aerobatic maneuvers with precision, opening up possibilities for innovation in micro air vehicles.
A new study reveals graphene's ability to absorb 90% more electromagnetic radiation, opening doors for secure wireless networks and improved communication devices. Researchers are now developing prototypes to translate this potential into practical applications.
Researchers at the University of Glasgow challenge the long-held view of six basic emotions by studying the temporal dynamics of facial expressions. They found that fear and surprise share a common signal, as do anger and disgust, suggesting only four basic emotions.
The study found that brain regions in the superior temporal gyrus respond to broader acoustic features rather than individual phonemes, enabling more accurate speech recognition. This discovery may contribute to a better understanding of language disorders such as dyslexia and reading difficulties.
A new FINDER technology uses microwave radar to detect human breathing patterns and heartbeats in rubble. The system is sensitive enough to locate victims buried under 30 feet of debris, revolutionizing search and rescue operations.
Recent studies have revealed that systems on the verge of a critical transition often emit comparable warning signals. This phenomenon, known as Critical Slowing Down, allows for early recognition of such transitions.
Researchers at VCU have discovered a new way to customize and target antipsychotic drugs to treat specific symptoms in psychosis patients. By targeting G-protein receptor complexes, they aim to reduce side effects and improve treatment outcomes.
A multidisciplinary team at VCU School of Medicine has developed a metric to determine the effectiveness of antipsychotic drugs and advance drug design. The study found that the connection between two brain receptors is critical to how these anti-psychotics work, particularly in signaling through this receptor complex.
A team of scientists has unraveled how the brain processes complex sensory signals, using a relatively simple computation performed by single nerve cells. The study confirms and extends a computational theory developed earlier, predicting that neurons fire in a manner predicted by a weighted summation rule.
Researchers at Harvard have identified the mechanism for diffuse axonal injury and explained why cerebral vasospasm is more common in blast-induced brain injuries. Treating neural tissue with a ROCK inhibitor within minutes of injury may lead to viable treatments, according to the study.
Researchers at Uppsala University have developed a new method to study signal systems in individual cells, revealing the molecular effect of drugs and facilitating the discovery of targeted pharmaceuticals for cancer treatment. This tool provides insight into how cancer cells communicate with normal cells and exploit their functions.
Researchers found that advancements in brain anatomy and signal processing allowed mormyrids to fully exploit electric signal space, leading to rapid speciation. The study revealed two equally parsimonious ways to reconstruct the fish's evolutionary history, challenging current understanding of brain development.
A three-year NSF grant is supporting research on the mechanisms of infrared imaging in pit vipers and pythons. Graduate students are studying the proteins responsible for this ability, while undergraduate researchers are training Burmese pythons to perform complex behaviors in response to thermal signals.
Researchers at the University of California and Germany have developed light-sensing modules to attach to neuronal molecules, allowing for real-time study of complex cascades. This breakthrough enables selective activation of individual classes of molecules, paving the way for new treatments for vision impairments.
Researchers have elucidated the atomic structure of a major cell signaling pathway, revealing how it converts molecular signals into cellular responses. The study's findings have implications for understanding cancer and developing new treatments.
Researchers at Mount Sinai School of Medicine have discovered a major mechanism underlying the development of tolerance to chronic morphine treatment. They identified changes in the brain and spinal cord that occur during the development of morphine tolerance, providing a therapeutic target for preventing it.
A mathematical model predicts complex signaling patterns in fruit fly embryos, shedding light on stem cell differentiation and potential applications in tissue engineering. The study aims to better understand how to control similar cells in a laboratory setting.
A study published in the Journal of Vision found that androgynous faces with lowered eyebrows and tight lips were misinterpreted as male, while smiles and raised eyebrows labeled a face feminine. The research suggests equivalent levels of anger are perceived as more intense when shown by men rather than women.
University of Michigan mathematicians have identified the signal sent by the brain to control biological rhythms, a finding that challenges the long-held theory about our internal clock. The discovery could lead to breakthroughs in treating sleep problems and diseases influenced by the internal clock.
Scientists have developed a technique to understand how cell signals pass from the membrane into the cell, triggering complex biological processes. This breakthrough will help create better drugs and faster delivery times, providing new insights into human biology.
High-temperature superconductors do not rely on a 'glue' to bind electrons, according to Princeton University researchers. The secret to their behavior lies in the natural repulsion between electrons, which signals their ability to form pairs and flow without resistance when cooled to low temperatures.
The study mapped thousands of neuronal proteins to understand how they connect into complex signaling networks guiding neuron function. This research may lead to a better understanding of brain development, neurodegenerative diseases, and spinal cord regeneration.
Researchers have identified multiple genes associated with systemic lupus erythematosus, a devastating autoimmune disease that affects 1-2 million Americans. The study found associations with ITGAM, KIAA1542, and PXK genes, as well as SNP rs10798269.
A study published in JCI Journals reveals that Gq/G11-mediated signaling plays a crucial role in regulating thyroid gland function. Mice lacking these proteins had impaired thyroid function and symptoms similar to hypothyroidism, highlighting their potential as therapeutic targets for hyperthyroidism.
Researchers identify complex regulatory network controlling epithelial stem cell proliferation in mouse incisors. Spatial differences in gene expression levels contribute to characteristic asymmetry of rodent incisors.
A group of European researchers developed a spinal cord model and implemented it in an amphibious salamander-like robot. The robot changes its speed and gait in response to simple electrical signals, suggesting that the distributed neural system in the spinal cord holds the key to vertebrates' complex locomotor capabilities.
Researchers discovered that signals from rat whiskers travel through distinct regions in the thalamus along separate pathways for movement, touch, and complex signals. These pathways function within parallel feedback loops, enabling the brain to implement new behaviors by building on lower-level sensory inputs.
Researchers at Forsyth Institute discover that gap junctions play a crucial role in planarian regeneration by facilitating long-range signaling. By closing down gap junctions, the team found that cells can adopt radically different fates, leading to the growth of complex structures.
Researchers found that bright-colored light can interfere with birds' magnetoreception, but in dim light, they still use a 'chemical compass' to migrate. The study reveals two distinct mechanisms of magnetoreceptors in birds: an inclination compass and a polarity-driven compass.
Research found that 'positive' learners show larger ERNs in conflicts, suggesting they learn more from mistakes, while 'negative' learners experience greater conflict in negative feedback conditions. ERN also predicts the degree to which participants learn from errors.
The NSF announces six FIBR awards to tackle some of biology's most challenging questions. The projects will study the relationship between an organism's genes and the outside world, as well as animal movement, social behavior, and photosynthesis.
Research found that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) coordinates cellular behaviors for tubule development through sequential regulation of ERK and matrix metalloproteases. The study used MDCK cells to examine molecular events during tubulogenesis, revealing distinct regulatory subprograms acting at different times.
Researchers Edan Foley and Patrick O'Farrell silenced over 7,000 Drosophila genes to investigate the Immune deficiency pathway, revealing new molecules involved in signaling. Their findings provide insight into complex molecular interactions underlying innate immunity.
Researchers at Stanford and Caltech have made a breakthrough in neural prosthetics, demonstrating that electrical signals from the parietal reach region can control movement and planning. The study enabled a monkey to control a cursor with its thoughts, paving the way for potential applications in helping severely paralyzed patients.