Tgf Pathway

Why emus can’t fly: A ‘time switch’ in bird embryos holds the answer

Colorectal cancer evades immunotherapy using a dual barrier

A study reveals how colorectal tumors use TGF-β to prevent immune cells from reaching and attacking the tumor. The researchers suggest strategies to improve immunotherapy efficacy by blocking this dual barrier and identifying new therapeutic targets.

Transforming growth factor-beta signaling in cancer: therapeutic implications, challenges, and pathways to progress

The review critically examines anti-TGFβ therapies for cancer treatment, highlighting the importance of targeting specific epitopes to mitigate off-target toxicity. It suggests implementing intermittent dosing schedules or optimally timed interventions to alleviate toxicity without compromising efficacy.

Investigation of HO-1 regulation of liver fibrosis related to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease through the SIRT1/TGF-ß/Smad3 pathway

This study elucidates the role of HO-1 in regulating NAFLD-related liver fibrosis through the SIRT1/TGF-β/Smad3 pathway. HO-1 overexpression reduced hepatic fibrosis by modulating the SIRT1/TGF-β/Smad3 signaling pathway.

A molecular signal works its magic from inside a straitjacket

Researchers at UCSF used cryogenic electron microscopy to study the protein TGF-Beta, which plays a crucial role in development and cancer. They found that TGF-Beta can signal even when bound to a 'straitjacket' within the cell membrane, challenging decades-old dogma on its function.

TGF-beta and RAS signaling are both required for lung cancer metastasis, study finds

A new study published in Cell found that TGF-beta and RAS signaling pathways are both required for lung cancer metastasis. Inhibiting RREB1, a transcription factor controlled by RAS, disabled the metastatic process in mouse models, suggesting it could be a potential new drug target.

TGF-β and HIPPO signaling pathways interplay in distinct hepatic contexts

The TGF-β and HIPPO pathways interact to regulate liver development, size, and regeneration. Their dysregulation contributes to liver diseases such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, and cancer.

Mechanistically based blood proteomic markers in the TGF-β pathway stratify risk of HCC in patients with cirrhosis

Researchers identified blood proteomic markers associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis. The study found a set of biomarkers, including TGF-β driven mechanistic biomarkers and Myostatin and Pyruvate Kinase M2, which may stratify risk for HCC.

Enhanced tumor modeling using Laponite bioinks for 3D bioprinting

Researchers create accurate tumor models using 3D bioprinting and a bioink made from Laponite, improving bonding and cross-linking capabilities. The study shows that Laponite enhances biological signaling in the tumor microenvironment, increasing cell viability and promoting anti-tumor drug development.

Aging | Senescence-associated exosomes transfer fibrosis to neighboring cells

Researchers found that senescence-associated exosomes (SA-EXOs) from MSCs induce fibrosis and activate invasive characteristics in neighboring cells via the TGF-β pathway. SA-EXOs play a large role in cancer-related fibrosis, and their unique miRNA content influences myofibroblast phenotypes.

Certain gene signaling rewires tumors after immunotherapy

Researchers found that certain gene signaling pathways, such as interferon γ and beta-catenin, can lead to tumor hyperprogression after immunotherapy. Targeting these pathways may prevent hyperprogression in preclinical models.

Oncotarget | Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) cross-signaling via non-corresponding receptors indicates bypassed signaling in colorectal cancer

Researchers discovered PDGF cross-signaling through alternative receptors in colorectal cancer cells, enabling bypassed signaling. This finding supports anti-PDGF therapy as a combination strategy alongside VEGF and EGF targeting.

More flexible than previously thought: Worms give us new insights into the evolution and diversification of TGF-β signaling pathways

Researchers identified surprising differences in TGF-β genes across nine nematode species, revealing unexpected changes in function between species. This study provides new insights into the evolution of TGF-β signaling pathways and their impact on development, behavior, and disease in humans and parasites.

Promotion of cancer progression via extracellular vesicles

Researchers found that oral cancer cells releasing EVs under TGF-β induce EndoMT in endothelial cells, leading to vascular destabilization. This process may facilitate cancer cell entry into the bloodstream, promoting metastasis.

Stopping the spread: Targeting tumor metastasis

A study from Tokyo Medical and Dental University reveals that the TGF-β signaling molecule can induce EMT in oral cancer cells, leading to high motility and metastatic potential. KRTAP2-3 expression is associated with poorer overall survival, suggesting its role as a prognostic biomarker.

Water-based gel to be tested as dressing for diabetic wounds

Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis are developing a new wound dressing to overcome obstacles to healing in people with diabetes, including chronic inflammation and delayed growth of new blood vessels.

Genes & Cancer | Using quantitative immunohistochemistry in patients at high risk for hepatocellular cancer

Researchers have discovered that reduced TGFBR2 abundance is significantly associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with cirrhosis. An AI-based process accurately identified HCC tissue, confirming the biomarker's potential for early detection.

Carcinogenesis: important findings on intracellular signal transmission

Researchers have discovered that the tumor suppressor protein pVHL degrades SMAD3, inhibiting the TGF-β signaling pathway and suppressing tumour cell growth. This finding opens up new opportunities for developing cancer therapies by regulating pVHL activity.

Abnormal bone formation after trauma explained and reversed in mice

Researchers have discovered that heterotopic ossification, a painful complication of trauma, is caused by macrophages sending errant signals to bone-forming stem cells. A new study suggests that targeting TGF-beta expressing macrophages may prevent this abnormal bone formation

Mechanical signaling cascade central to fibrotic scar tissue development defined

Cleveland Clinic researchers have identified a novel target for anti-fibrotic therapies: the TRPV4-PI3Kγ complex. This complex amplifies TGF-β signaling to generate myofibroblasts, which produce and contract extracellular matrix to form scar tissue. The study offers promising support for new treatment approaches.

Scientists discover the implication of a new protein involved in liver cancer

Researchers discovered a new protein, clathrin, involved in liver cancer development and progression. High levels of clathrin expression correlate with the activation of TGF-β pathway, promoting tumor growth and invasion.

Newly identified drug targets could open door for esophageal cancer therapeutics

Researchers at Case Western Reserve University have identified two molecular pathways that could lead to new treatments for esophageal cancer. By blocking the JNK and TGF-beta pathways, tumors can be slowed in growth and even regressed in mice. The study's findings suggest a new targeted therapeutic avenue for this deadly form of cancer.

Faulty molecular master switch may contribute to AMD

Researchers at the National Eye Institute discovered that TGF-beta signaling governs immune cell function in the eye, leading to activated microglia and retina damage. Disrupting this signal may represent a potential therapeutic target for treating AMD.

TGF-beta pathway protects against uterine cancer

Researchers at Baylor College of Medicine have discovered that the TGF-beta signaling pathway acts as a tumor-suppressor mechanism in the uterus, preventing endometrial overgrowth and transformation into cancer cells. This finding suggests potential new treatments for uterine cancer patients.

From black hat to white hat: Findings tip assumptions about TAK1 in muscle growth

Research finds TAK1 is essential for maintaining muscle mass and mitochondrial function in mature skeletal muscle. Removing or reducing TAK1 has negative effects on muscle health, contradicting previous assumptions.

Details uncovered in development of immune cell implicated in cancer, autoimmune diseases

Researchers at UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center discovered a complex signaling system that triggers Th17 immune cell development, which plays a role in autoimmune disorders, inflammation, and cancer. This finding could lead to new treatments for related diseases.

How the lungs of premature babies can undergo damage

Research reveals that genetic mutations in PDGFR-α and TGF-β signaling pathways contribute to the development of BPD. Lowered production of PDGFR-α leads to increased oxygen demand, defective septation, and apoptosis.

New study provides important insight into how tumors metastasize

Researchers uncover complex mechanism behind TGFβ's dual effect on tumors, revealing potential target for selective inhibition. The study reveals how TGFβ and Ras interact with p53 family members to stimulate tumor growth and metastasis.

Study by NUS researchers unravels new interactions affecting TGF-β pathway in humans

Researchers at NUS Cancer Science Institute found that USP15 protein regulates the TGF-β pathway by interacting with SMURF2. This interaction enhances stability of the TGF-β receptor and leads to increased cancer progression. The study suggests USP15 as a novel therapeutic target for treating cancers with hyperactivated TGF-β pathways.

Study unveils new approach to treating brittle bone disease

Researchers have identified a new approach to treating brittle bone disease by targeting excessive activity of transforming growth factor beta, a signaling protein in the bone matrix. This novel treatment strategy shows promise for personalized and effective management of the condition, potentially applicable to osteoporosis as well.

Dab2: How to attenuate brain injury due to Alzheimer's disease?

Researchers found that Dab2 overexpression significantly increased TβRII and p-SMAD2/3 levels, reducing amyloid-beta deposition, microglia activation, and neuronal loss in APP/PS1 mouse brain tissue. This suggests a neuroprotective role of Dab2 in Alzheimer's disease.

Johns Hopkins researchers reveal genetic glitch at the root of allergies

Researchers at Johns Hopkins Children's Center have identified a genetic pathway implicated in various allergic disorders, including asthma and eczema. A faulty protein called transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) disrupts immune cell function, leading to the development of allergies.

Researchers describe new molecular interactions behind the inhibition of TGF beta-signaling

The study reveals that inhibitory Smads bind directly to their targets without requiring phosphorylation, constituting a crucial step in the regulation of gene transcription. This discovery sheds light on how organisms achieve balance between TGF-beta signaling pathways, critical for maintaining tissue and organism health.

Study details on-off switch that promotes or suppresses breast cancer

Researchers found that breast cancers can hijack an embryonic program to promote tumor growth and survival. A new study details how this 'on-off' switch is flipped by a protein called SIX1, which allows doctors to delete the pathway when it promotes tumors.

How antipsychotic medications cause metabolic side effects such as obesity and diabetes

Researchers found that antipsychotics activate the TGFbeta pathway, leading to metabolic side effects, while drugs without these effects do not. The study suggests a new approach to developing safer therapeutics for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia patients.

Animal studies reveal new route to treating heart disease

Researchers found that blocking the action of a signaling protein in cardiac muscle cells halted serious ill effects of high blood pressure on the heart, including enlargement and scar tissue formation. Further tests revealed potential new treatments for heart failure by targeting specific proteins involved in disease progression.

Researchers gain new clues about how to prevent aortic aneurysm in patients with Marfan syndrome

New study provides clearer picture of cellular signals contributing to aortic aneurysm progression in Marfan syndrome. Losartan alters these signals by blocking TGF-beta's partner, angiotensin II receptor.

Ovarian cancer advances when genes are silenced

Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found evidence of epigenetics in ovarian cancer, specifically DNA methylation affecting the TGF-beta signaling pathway. This deregulation contributes to tumor growth and metastasis, highlighting a potential target for epigenetic therapies.

New discovery about growth factor can be breakthrough for cancer research

Researchers at Uppsala University have discovered a new signal path for a growth factor that is crucial for the survival and growth of cancer cells. This finding has significant implications for the treatment of advanced cancers, such as breast and prostate cancer.

Decreased TGF-beta signaling might make you demented

Research by Stanford University found that decreased TGF-beta signaling in mice leads to increased neurodegeneration and beta-amyloid peptide accumulation, similar to Alzheimer's disease. Increasing TGF-beta signaling may potentially reduce neurodegeneration and be beneficial for individuals with AD.

Blood pressure medication may revolutionize treatment of Marfan syndrome

Researchers have discovered that losartan can prevent the development of aortic aneurysms in mice with Marfan syndrome, suggesting a potential new treatment. The drug works by lowering transforming growth factor beta activity, which is responsible for the syndrome's catastrophic developmental defects.

Deciphering DiGeorge syndrome

Researchers have deciphered a crucial link between genetic microdeletions and DiGeorge syndrome, shedding light on the disease's pathogenesis. The study reveals that TGF signaling plays a pivotal role in neural crest development, which is disrupted in DiGeorge patients leading to characteristic malformations.

A new protein is discovered to play a key role in cancer progression

Researchers at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center have discovered a new protein that plays a key role in cancer progression. The study found that the loss of PML function disrupts TGF-b signaling, leading to uncontrolled cell growth and tumor development.

Findings offer clue to how molecule can both stimulate, suppress cell growth

Researchers at Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center identify the Rho-ROCK signaling pathway as key to understanding how TGF-b promotes cell growth, contrary to its usual inhibition effect. The findings suggest a potential target for therapeutic intervention to restore TGF-b's growth-suppressing activity.

Scientists identify role of important cancer protein

Researchers identified Ski's role in disrupting nuclear signaling proteins, preventing cells from slowing down and stopping division. This finding provides crucial insight into the development of cancerous tumors and offers a potential target for new anticancer drugs.

Researchers discover new insight into a common signaling pathway

Researchers have determined that the conformation of Smad3 protein regulates TGF-ß pathway interaction with other proteins, affecting signal transduction and gene expression. This discovery provides new insight into molecular mechanisms of TGF-ß signaling and potential targets for drug design.

New signaling pathway found, may be linked to movement disorders

Researchers have identified a new signaling pathway in the brain that may be connected to movement disorders. FGF14 was found to regulate nerve cell function and is involved in the basal ganglia, which are affected by Parkinson's disease.

Two routes to cell death in the diseased kidney

Researchers have discovered two distinct pathways leading to cell death in the diseased kidney, which could lead to new therapeutic targets for kidney disease. These findings provide a better understanding of kidney pathology and may enable the development of more effective treatments.

Study links two important cellular systems; increases prospects for new drugs for cancer, heart disease

A study by Ohio State University researchers has found that microtubules harbor important proteins the cells need for signaling, gene expression and cell division. This link could provide clinicians with important potential targets for new drugs against diverse diseases like cancer, heart disease and certain inflammatory ailments.

Scientists Discover Function For Type III TGF-Beta Receptor

Researchers reveal that the Type III TGF-beta receptor plays a crucial role in transforming heart cells and forming valves, providing new insights into congenital heart defects. The discovery could lead to improved treatments for children with heart defects.

How Cells Listen to Many Voices-and Get Them Right / New Class of Signaling Pathway Gives Clues to Growth Factor's Powerful Effects

Transforming growth factor beta (TGFb) uses a simple signaling pathway to convey distinct functions in different tissues, despite its multifaceted role. Researchers have identified the key steps involved in translating TGFb signals into individual patterns of gene expression.