Articles tagged with Chemical Physics
The study achieved an efficiency of nearly 25 percent, surpassing previous values, by combining perovskites with CIS. The hybrid material enables the production of light and flexible tandem solar cells suitable for various applications.
Scientists at Chung-Ang University have pioneered a novel method for controlling microdroplet motion on solid surfaces using near-infrared light. This approach allows for more precise control than traditional thermal techniques and opens up new possibilities for applications in microfluidics, drug delivery, and self-cleaning surfaces.
A novel technique can rapidly detect chiral molecules in complex gas mixtures, identifying fake perfumes and damaged plants. This approach has vast potential for agriculture, quality control of perfumes, and monitoring plant health.
A new double-layered catalyst, combining platinum with NiFe hydroxide, was developed to enhance hydrogen generation efficiency. The catalyst's activity is 11.2 times higher than conventional materials, making it a promising solution for increasing green hydrogen production.
Researchers studied over 500 stars in a region of Andromeda called the Northeast shelf, finding conclusive evidence of an ancient collision. The findings provide insights into how material from collisions shapes a galaxy's appearance and makeup.
Researchers from Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz and partners will continue developing fundamental soft matter simulation methods, improving techniques and applying them to real-world problems. The project aims to establish routine use of multiscale techniques for simulating soft material properties.
Scientists found that certain dynamical defects help explain the allowed vibrational modes inside amorphous solids, like glasses. These findings may lead to controlling the properties of amorphous materials.
Physicists from Cracow have developed a new measurement technique to track phenomena lasting attoseconds, using X-ray chronoscopy. This approach potentially makes it possible to infer events in the world of attophysics even at current XFEL technology.
A team of scientists successfully controlled multistep enzyme reactions using audible sound, creating a new method for spatiotemporal regulation. The researchers used standing waves generated by sound to separate and compartmentalize solutions, allowing for the precise control of chemical reactions.
Physicists at UCI have developed a technique to measure electrostatic properties of materials with unprecedented resolution. By using a hydrogen molecule as a quantum sensor, researchers can detect changes in its quantum states and create atomic-scale images of samples.
Researchers have successfully visualized crystal nucleation, a crucial stage in crystallization, using Raman microspectroscopy and optical trapping. This breakthrough enables better understanding of molecular dynamics and may lead to the development of purer and more stable crystals for pharmaceuticals and other industries.
Research shows aerosol particles can act as resonators for solar radiation, amplifying and structuring light to accelerate photochemical reactions. This phenomenon could speed up photochemical processes by a factor of two to three, impacting global chemistry and climate.
A team of researchers used a new computer simulation to model the electrostatic self-organization of zwitterionic nanoparticles, which are useful for drug delivery. They found that including transient charge fluctuations greatly increased the accuracy, leading to the development of new self-assembling smart nanomaterials.
Researchers have provided direct insight into the electronic structure of a proton donating group in an amine aromatic photoacid using ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy. The study reveals major electronic structure changes occur on the base side of the Förster cycle, resolving the long-standing open question.
Researchers have discovered the opto-ionic effect, where light increases the mobility of ions in ceramic materials, improving the performance of devices such as solid-state electrolytes in fuel cells and lithium-ion batteries. This effect could lead to higher charging speeds and more efficient energy conversion technologies.
Researchers at Pusan National University have developed oxidation-resistant copper thin films, which could potentially replace gold in semiconductor devices. The films' flat surface reduces the growth of copper oxides on its surface, making them resistant to corrosion.
A team of scientists led by Samuel Dunning has developed an original technique to predict and guide the ordered creation of strong, yet flexible, diamond nanothreads. The innovation allows for easier synthesis of the material, which has potential applications in space elevators, ultra-strong fabrics, and other fields.
The study reveals new details about the conditions under which WDR5 starts and stops interacting with other proteins, allowing researchers to better understand its multitasking role in cancer. The biosensor's ability to recognize different types of protein connections will help develop more effective drugs to target WDR5.
Researchers at the European XFEL facility have taken pictures of gas-phase iodopyridine molecules at atomic resolution using ultra-bright X-ray pulses. The images were reconstructed from the fragments caused by a Coulomb explosion, providing unprecedented clarity for this method and molecule size.
Researchers have identified a class of calcium-based cathode materials that show promise for high-performance rechargeable batteries. By running quantum mechanics simulations, the team pinpointed cobalt as a well-rounded transition metal for a layered Ca-based cathode.
Researchers found that coral species with faster skeletal crystallization rates are more resilient to ocean acidification. A team of UW-Madison students contributed to the analysis and were co-authors on the study. The findings have significant implications for developing mitigation strategies against ocean acidification.
Researchers studied electron transport through a single water molecule in a C60 cage, revealing multiple tunneling-induced excited states. The findings suggest the transition between ortho- and para-water occurs simultaneously within a minute.
Scientists have created a new protective coating using Al-Mg-Si alloy to resist corrosion in ships and marine facilities. The coating demonstrates improved corrosion resistance through a 'shielding effect', increasing the economic life of steel machinery.
Scientists have observed that ionizing radiation can cause intermolecular Coulombic decay in organic molecules, leading to damage in DNA and proteins. This new understanding could lead to the development of more effective substances for radiation therapy and improve knowledge of how radiation damages healthy tissue.
Researchers at McGill University create injectable hydrogel that forms stable structure allowing cells to grow and repair injured organs. The material's toughness and porosity make it suitable for heart, muscle, and vocal cord repair.
A SUTD-led study develops brighter, more sensitive fluorophores by suppressing twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) and enhancing photon-induced electron transfer (PET). The research provides design guidelines for dye chemists to rationally tune TICT, PET, and other mechanisms for a wide range of applications.
Researchers have developed a new light-emitting material that doubles the intensity of existing LEDs while also being more energy-efficient. The material, cerium-doped zinc oxide, has the potential to be used in commercial LED lighting applications and could make lighting more affordable for households and businesses worldwide.
Researchers used machine learning to analyze core-loss spectroscopy data, revealing connections between spectral data and material properties. The study successfully predicted intensive and extensive material properties, enabling high-throughput development of new materials.
The 2021 Fall Meeting of the APS Division of Nuclear Physics presents cutting-edge research on nuclear astrophysics, quantum technology, and rare isotopes. Researchers will discuss breakthroughs such as the most precise measurement of neutron lifetime and novel experiments measuring neutron skin in calcium.
A new fluorescent probe, NeutropG, selectively stains healthy neutrophils in blood samples, allowing for accurate quantification. The Metabolism-Oriented Live-cell Distinction (MOLD) method enables the selective identification of active neutrophils without affecting their native functions.
Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have discovered that ultraviolet light can modulate oxide ion transport in a perovskite crystal at room temperature. This enables the enhancement of future battery and fuel cell functionality by increasing energy storage and output efficiency.
A research team has successfully fabricated single-layer tetracene molecular crystals using two-dimensional inorganic crystals as substrates. The resulting material exhibits extraordinary photostability and Davydov splitting, making it a promising candidate for OLEDs and organic photoelectric energy conversion.
Researchers from Osaka City University have developed a Bayesian phase difference estimation (BPDE) algorithm that directly calculates the energy difference between two relevant quantum states. This breakthrough enables precise accuracy in chemistry problems and overcomes limitations of conventional full-CI calculations.
Researchers developed a novel block copolymer electrolyte that controls structure through electrostatic interactions, enhancing ionic conductivity. The new nanostructure enables significant enhancement in conductivity compared to typical two-dimensional structures, paving the way for safer all-solid-state batteries.
Researchers at Aalto University have discovered that fibrous red phosphorous, when electrons are confined in its one-dimensional sub-units, shows large optical responses. The material demonstrates giant anisotropic linear and non-linear optical responses, as well as emission intensity.
A team of bioengineers defined ten overarching classes of constraints on early metabolic networks based on basic chemistry and physics. These abiotic constraints dictate fundamental aspects of chemical processes, influencing the evolution of alternative transport systems and stress response mechanisms.
Scientists at Max Planck Institute show that electron system of ZrTe5 remains three-dimensional even in strong magnetic fields, linking quasi-quantization to quantum-Hall physics. This finding promises a unified explanation for puzzling plateaus in Hall measurements in many three-dimensional materials.
Researchers at Tomsk Polytechnic University developed a mathematical model and software to predict ClO2 molecule properties with high accuracy, surpassing existing results by 10 folds. The model was applied to analyze rotational-vibrational spectra in a degenerate electronic state, showing promising results.
Researchers combined machine learning with physics and chemistry to discover a process that shortens lithium-ion battery lifetimes, overturning long-held assumptions. The approach could dramatically accelerate the development of sturdier batteries for electric vehicles.
The Fannie and John Hertz Foundation has announced 48 finalists for the 2021 Hertz Fellowship, representing 17 universities. The selected candidates will advance to a culminating round of interviews for one of the most competitive fellowships in the nation.
Researchers have discovered a new material that exhibits both charge density wave and topological metal properties, featuring Weyl points and immense chiral charges. The discovery reveals an intimate connection between topology and electron correlations, opening up avenues for observing axion electrodynamics in condensed matter systems.
Certain molecules bind to ice surfaces, halting further growth and acting as natural antifreeze agents. Researchers developed a computational method to model ice binding, which has applications in cryopreservation and climate modeling.
Researchers have discovered that graphitic nitrogen (GN) dopants significantly improve the activity of adjacent carbon atoms for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to CO. The study found a 95% Faradaic efficiency at -0.5 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, outperforming other N-dopant types.
A new nanoreactor strategy has been proposed for synthesizing superior supported bimetallic catalysts, showing enhanced catalytic performance in formic acid dehydrogenation and recyclability. The synthesized PdAu BNPs exhibit uniform diameter and homogenous distribution, with a TOF value of 3684 h-1 at 333 K.
Research found that five scientific fields (particle physics, atomic physics, cell biology, neuroscience, and molecular chemistry) account for more than half of Nobel Prizes awarded between 1995 and 2017. Additionally, many papers in these fields received less citation compared to other publications.
Researchers reveal noncyclic 3D structure of water clusters begin to exist with pentamers at low finite temperatures. A new method using infrared spectroscopy and quantum chemical studies confirms the formation of a noncyclic 3D structure beginning with pentamers.
A team of Russian researchers from the Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology analyzed a 1789 portrait by Dmitry Levitsky, revealing that the two extension pieces were indeed painted by the artist. The study used modern methods for local analysis of materials and nanomaterials to confirm the painter's involvement.
Researchers have discovered that skyrmions and antiskyrmions can coexist in the same material, enabling a more reliable racetrack memory device. This breakthrough allows for advanced data storage capabilities with improved performance and reduced energy consumption.
Researchers found that Dirac semimetals exhibit robust, conducting electronic states in 1D, challenging previous conclusions about the nature of these materials. The discovery settles the decades-old problem of whether condensed matter Dirac fermions have topologically protected surface states.
Researchers developed a new method to pre-replenish lithium for lithium-ion supercapacitors using DMF-stabilized lithium nitride. This technology improves specific energy, rate performance, and cycle stability, with 90% energy retention after 10,000 cycles.
Researchers have created a platinum nanoreactor that enables visual detection and mass spectrometry fingerprinting of metabolic biomarkers, allowing for biopsy-free diagnosis of pancreatic cancer patients. The platform has shown sensitivity and specificity of 84% and 92%, respectively.
Scientists have discovered a new catalyst material that speeds up hydrogen production using topological surface states. The material, Co3Sn2S2, has been shown to outperform conventional nano-structured catalysts despite having much lower platinum content.
Scientists have developed a new technique to visualize gas-liquid collisions using lasers, enabling the study of fundamental molecular interactions. The method captures individual frames of molecular movement, revealing the rough surface of liquids and their impact on atmospheric chemistry.
Researchers found that perovskite solar cells are stable up to 300 Gy of γ-radiation but suffer a rapid drop in efficiency with further increases in dose. The study aims to find more stable materials, which could make perovskite solar cells suitable for use in space
A new model of ice friction offers crucial insight into glacier flows, revealing how cavities form during sliding and influencing ice movement. This discovery has significant implications for understanding sea level rise and climate change.
Researchers have discovered that Nafion membranes partially unwind their fibers as they interact with water, leading to the growth of polymer fibers extending from the surface. This phenomenon is most pronounced in water with a high deuterium content, offering new avenues for optimizing fuel cell performance and electrical properties.
A special issue of Health Physics journal highlights women's contributions to and experiences in radiation protection and safety. The articles showcase the historic roles of women pioneers and their diverse roles in health physics, including research on approaches in monitoring radiation exposure.
Katsuya Shimizu received the prize for his discovery of superconductivity in non-superconducting elements under high pressures with a Tc up to 29K. The Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston sponsors the award, recognizing outstanding contributions to the field.
Chad Mirkin and Lei Jiang are honored with the fifth Nano Research Award for their groundbreaking work in nanoscience and technology. The award recognizes their significant contributions to the field, including Mirkin's development of dip-pen nanolithography and Jiang's research on intelligent materials and devices.
Researchers at the University of Oklahoma are developing quantum-enhanced plasmonic sensors that can detect biosamples, monitor atmospheric conditions, and analyze chemicals with enhanced sensitivity. The new technology has the potential to revolutionize fields like metrology and chemical detection.