Articles tagged with Dna Structure
Researchers propose that modified nucleobases could have facilitated the emergence of rudimentary self-replicating systems by stabilizing short RNA molecule structures and providing catalytic activity. This could have increased the breadth of available functions for short RNAs.
Researchers at the University of the Basque Country have developed technology to determine the structure of sugars present in DNA with atomic-level resolution. The study reveals the importance of five-membered ring forms in biological contexts.
Researchers Aarthi Narayanan and Remi Veneziano at George Mason University are developing a new vaccine design using DNA origami to deliver viral antigens. The customizability of the DNA structures enhances immunogenic potential while ensuring safety.
Artificial neural networks successfully identify minor changes in DNA structure caused by UV radiation, enabling early detection of potential cancer risks. The technique uses surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and has the potential to be used for medical diagnostics.
Research reveals plant mitochondrial DNA is a complex mixture of branching structures, ribbons, and rings, shuffling genes around in different combinations
Scientists at Argonne National Laboratory discovered a DNA-like twisted crystal structure created with germanium sulfide nanowires, resembling the organic DNA structure. The twist causes the wire to elongate and widen into a helical structure, with segments resembling helically stacked bricks.
DNA nanotubes designed by Yi Li and Rebecca Schulman can heal themselves in serum, extending lifetimes from 24 hours to over 96 hours. The researchers developed a self-repair process using smaller DNA tiles that repair damaged structures by replacing or joining to the nanotube ends.
A team of researchers at Arizona State University has made significant progress in optimizing artificial photosynthesis systems that mimic the first stage of photosynthesis. They have developed a way to use DNA to self-assemble structures that capture and transfer energy over long distances with high efficiency.
A new art and science collaboration at CRG in Barcelona will create awareness of life sciences research through genome-inspired knitted fashion pieces. The project aims to make genetics and genomics more approachable to the public by incorporating tactile, visual, and experiential elements.
A team of researchers has discovered a rare double helix structure in the high-strength polymer PBDT, which could enable the creation of lightweight aerospace materials. The polymer's supreme rigidity and low processing cost make it an attractive alternative to conventional fillers.
A study published in Cell Reports reveals the role of protein PIF1 in repairing G-quadruplex DNA structures, which can impede DNA repair mechanisms. The discovery sheds light on potential therapeutic options for cancer treatment and could improve patient outcomes.
Juli Feigon, Distinguished Professor at UCLA, receives the 2019 BPS Founders Award for her pioneering work in NMR structural biology. She has made significant contributions to understanding the conformational variability of DNA and RNA, as well as the structure and function of telomerase complexes.
Researchers used single-molecule magnetic tweezers to study FACT's function in gene transcription. They found that FACT not only destabilizes nucleosome structure but also enhances reversibility of nucleosome formation, revealing its dual role.
New research from the University of East Anglia shows that DNA's shape can be manipulated using various triggers including copper, oxygen, and a substance similar to Vitamin C. This discovery has potential applications in nanotechnology and DNA-based computing.
A new DNA method efficiently screens vampire bat blood meal and faecal samples to determine which domestic animals they feed on, while also assessing population structure. This technique may aid in preventing rabies exposure by identifying animal hosts at risk.
Geneticist Andrew Feinberg highlights the importance of combining epigenetics and genetics research to understand the impact of environmental exposures on human health. He argues that epigenetics can provide valuable insights into gene expression and its relationship with disease.
Researchers at UC Riverside have solved the crystal structure of an enzyme that plays a key role in DNA methylation, a process linked to various diseases including cancer. The breakthrough provides important information for understanding de novo DNA methylation and its implications for gene expression and cell differentiation.
Researchers discovered two primary forces at play: hydrogen bonds and phase segregation, which strengthen or weaken each other. The study improves understanding of polymer structure formation, enhancing knowledge about self-healing materials and protein structures.
Researchers from the University of Seville and Cabimer have identified a new element responsible for chromosome instability. Chromatin structure changes cause DNA breaks, leading to mutations and replication stress. The findings suggest that chromatin plays a key role in certain DNA mutations, particularly those controlled by RNA.
Japanese researchers isolated a protein essential for chloroplast nucleoid segregation, improving understanding of chloroplast DNA dynamics. The moc1 gene functions as a 'Holliday junction resolvase', untangling DNA structures crucial for cell health.
The University of Utah will receive a cryo-electron microscope, enabling precise imaging of life's building blocks at an atom-by-atom scale. The instrument will help researchers study protein complexes and understand biological processes.
An unknown Portuguese moth was finally named and placed in the tree of life after a 22-year mystery. The species, Ekboarmia miniaria, is the smallest in its genus, with only three females found in 2009 providing key evidence for its classification.
Researchers discovered a viral protein that transforms its structure when interacting with DNA, acting like a sensor to measure out appropriate lengths. This finding reveals a potential drug target for human herpesviruses and offers a new therapeutic strategy.
Researchers from Lomonosov Moscow State University have discovered the mechanisms of DNA packaging in the cell nucleus, which has implications for epigenetic control of gene expression. The study reveals that chromatin structures maintain high levels of packing and flexibility despite traditional notions.
Scientists investigate RNA's ability to replicate itself under prebiotic conditions, revealing unexpected non-Watson-Crick pairings that might have hindered early replication. The findings suggest a more trial-and-error approach to the emergence of life.
A recent study found that hybrid structures composed of DNA and RNA play a crucial role in restoring genetic information after damage. The research also revealed that RNase H enzymes targeting these hybrids are vital for efficient DNA repair. This discovery offers potential for developing new cancer drugs targeting these enzymes.
Researchers discovered that cyanobacteria form compacted DNA structures transiently before cell division, similar to eukaryotes. The compacted DNA includes polyphosphate bodies that may regulate phosphate supply for DNA synthesis.
Researchers have successfully fabricated electronic devices using DNA, which can function at room temperature. The devices work by exploiting the tunnelling effect, where electrons tunnel through energy barriers to create a current.
Researchers have identified the precise point of origin for TERRA RNAs, which protect telomeres and maintain chromosomal stability. The discovery sheds light on the importance of TERRA in cell viability and telomere preservation.
Scientists at UC Davis reveal how cells control DNA synthesis in mitochondria and couple it to mitochondrial division. This fundamental discovery has far-reaching implications for understanding cell functions, aging, and a range of diseases.
Researchers found that stretch-induced mechanical forces downregulate thousands of genes while increasing a few in skin stem cells. This leads to changes in DNA packing within the nucleus, affecting transcriptional activity and differentiation.
Scientists at TUM create two new nanoscale machines with moving parts using DNA origami techniques, pushing the limits of programmable, self-assembling construction material. The rotor mechanism can swing freely or dwell in specified positions, while a hinged machine demonstrates precise placement of individual molecules.
Researchers at UC Davis have demonstrated that DNA can be modulated to act as an electromechanical switch, enabling the design of unique nanodevices. The discovery could lead to new paradigms for computing and improve energy efficiency in electronic devices.
Researchers found that weight loss in fathers can alter epigenetic marks in their sperm cells, potentially influencing the appetite and physiology of their future children. The study suggests that lifestyle factors prior to conception can shape the health of offspring.
A study published in ZooKeys reveals patterns of chromosome numbers in antlion lacewings and an owlfly, indicating a possible common ancestor. The researchers found that some antlion species have higher chromosome numbers than expected, which may be ancestral traits.
Taxonomists can accelerate their workflows by using DNA barcoding and diagnostic characters to describe new species. Dr. Gunnar Brehm's study revises the Neotropical looper moth genus Hagnagora efficiently, including the description of three new species.
A team of scientists at Case Western Reserve University has produced the first image of a human protein binding with ribonucleic acid (RNA), shedding light on how some viruses, including HIV, replicate their genetic material. The discovery could lead to new strategies to block viral replication and limit or halt infection.
Researchers proposed a multilaminar model explaining chromatin's three-dimensional structure, contradicting previous loop-based models. The model suggests stacked thin layers of chromatin form chromosomes, justifying their elongated cylindrical shape and mechanical properties.
Researchers from Aalto University have developed DNA nanostructures for smart drug-delivery vehicles and molecular devices. These structures provide new applications in molecular medicine, such as targeting cancer cells with tailored payloads.
Scientists at UEA have discovered a way to switch the structure of DNA using copper salts and EDTA, enabling potential applications in nanotechnology and DNA-based computing. This breakthrough could also be used for detecting toxic copper cations in water.
Two new nucleotides, 'Z' and 'P', have been found to form double helix structures similar to those made by the four natural bases C-G-A-T, opening up possibilities for creating new proteins with medical applications.
A new method has produced beautiful 3D models that more accurately show the complex shape and folding of chromosomes. These images reveal a truer picture of their structure, which is rarely like the X-shape, and have direct consequences for health, ageing and disease.
Researchers at Arizona State University are developing a new DNA nanostructure-based vaccine to combat nicotine dependence. The approach uses precision control over the placement of antigenic components to stimulate an immune response and recruit antibodies capable of binding with nicotine, potentially improving efficacy and safety.
A team of researchers has identified an enzyme called cGAS that detects cytosolic DNA, triggering the innate immune response. This discovery has significant clinical implications for understanding autoimmune diseases and developing new therapies.
Scientists at Caltech have developed a unique microscope that captures the motion of DNA structures in both space and time, allowing them to directly measure stiffness and map its variation. This breakthrough technique has far-reaching implications for understanding biological nanomaterials and their properties.
Khan Academy and 23andMe are collaborating to educate people about genetics and the Human Genome Project. The partnership provides free educational resources, including video series and interactive tools, to help individuals understand their own genetic information.
Scientists at IRB Barcelona and BSC successfully extracted structural information from a triple DNA helix in gas phase, preserving its biological environment. This breakthrough could lead to the development of antigen therapy based on these DNA structures.
A defect in the transport system of red blood cells leads to DNA chaos due to a lack of regulation by the Codanin-1 protein. This affects the development of red blood cells and highlights the importance of histone structure and gene regulation.
Researchers have elucidated the crystal structure of Alba2-DNA complex in archaea, revealing a hollow pipe-like structure that compacts DNA. This discovery provides valuable clues into the evolution of chromatin structure and its connection to diseases.
A study led by the University at Buffalo reveals that even 'relaxed' systems can exhibit distinct hot and cold spots due to large energy fluctuations. The research raises questions about how energy travels through structures like DNA and the open ocean.
The NSF has provided a six-year, $13.6 million grant to establish a multi-university center at Duke University and N.C. State University to investigate soft matter research. Researchers will focus on creating new materials with defined characteristics for various applications, including organic solar cells and tissue implants.
Scientists at Duke University Medical Center have determined the structure of a nuclease that will help understand several DNA repair pathways. This discovery is important for understanding mismatch repair pathway and other pathways related to cancer biology and aging.
Historians uncover previously unseen correspondence between Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins, revealing a tangled web of ambition and institutional politics. The letters provide fresh insights into the personalities of the discoverers and their roles in the discovery of DNA's double helix structure.
A team of researchers has resolved the structural, electronic, and optical properties of a chiral gold nanocluster after ten years of mystery. The cluster, composed of 38 gold atoms and 24 organothiolate molecules, exhibits unique chiral properties that influence its response to circularly polarized light.
Researchers at Emory University School of Medicine have determined the structures of two enzymes that customize histones, revealing insights into how DNA's packaging is crucial for gene regulation. The discovery may help doctors better understand or prevent inherited mental retardation.
Researchers have created a new technology using DNA origami that can form tiny letters with multiple branching points, addressing the need for narrow features in nanoelectronics. The breakthrough could lead to the development of nanoscale devices with unprecedented capabilities.
The team led by Maria Schumacher, Ph.D., produced clear 3-D images of the structure resulting from two proteins connecting with a DNA site to 'segregate' DNA during cell division. The solved structure provides fundamental insight into how cells divide with intact DNA.
A National Academy report attributes gender inequality in academia to unconscious biases and archaic university structures. The editorial advocates for educating the academic community about unconscious bias and reforming the tenure system to promote women's career growth.
Research on DNA structures and electronic properties aims to create ultra small computers. The study found that intrinsic guanine rich sequences of ?-DNA exhibited length-dependent conductivity, providing insights into electrical behavior and potential modification.
Researchers developed a hybrid technique to probe the dynamics of the Holliday junction, a four-stranded DNA structure that forms during homologous recombination. The study found that the intermediate structure is similar to that of a Holliday junction bound to its own processing enzyme.