Articles tagged with Reagents
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers are creating anchored molecular catalysts to improve stability and efficiency in pharmaceutical manufacturing. The new approach could lead to cleaner, safer reactions, faster production, and reduced costs.
Researchers have developed new bat cell lines and reagents to study the bat's antiviral immune response, providing insights into susceptibility to hantaviruses and coronaviruses. The study aims to improve our understanding of viral infections in bats.
Scientists have developed a novel synthesis method for trivalent phosphorus compounds, leveraging an adduct-catalyzed tandem electro-thermal approach to produce high-yielding organophosphorus compounds with improved efficiency and selectivity. The approach also enables the in-situ consumption of renewable energy sources.
Researchers at UC San Diego developed a novel method to produce biobased aromatic diisocyanates from D-galactose, avoiding toxic chemicals and high-pressure reactions. The resulting thermoplastic polyurethane exhibits excellent material properties equivalent to petroleum-based alternatives.
The University of Cincinnati College of Medicine has launched a styrofoam recycling project to divert over 900 pounds of EPS waste from landfills each month. The program aims to reuse existing styrofoam materials, reducing the need for styrene and minimizing environmental impact.
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have developed a new, highly selective and efficient method for synthesizing anti-cancer compounds. The innovative approach uses isopropyl magnesium bromide as a base to improve selectivity and scalability.
A team of GIST researchers developed a new defect passivation strategy for polycrystalline perovskites, leading to improved power conversion efficiency and long-term operational stability. The strategy uses a chemically identical polytype of perovskite to suppress defects in the crystal structure.
Researchers at the California Institute of Technology have successfully developed a method to recycle samarium diiodide, a crucial reagent in synthesizing molecules that can lead to new pharmaceuticals. This breakthrough enables large-scale industrial production, making it possible to create essential compounds like taxol, an anticance...
Researchers have developed a novel sulfur fluoride exchange (SuFEx) reagent that enables highly controlled production of crucial sulfur-based molecules. This innovation has resulted in the creation of over 70 new chemical compounds with immediate applications in medicinal chemistry and pharmaceutical development.
The research aims to develop a new method for detecting foodborne viruses like norovirus and hepatitis A in time to prevent or quickly respond to an outbreak. The technology uses magnetic liquids to concentrate viruses from large food samples into smaller volumes, streamlining the detection process.
Researchers at Okayama University developed a switchable process to synthesize 3-aminoindolines and 2'-aminoaryl acetic acids from a common substrate using Grignard reagents and azide compounds. The new protocol utilizes tautomerism to control chemoselectivity and achieves efficient synthesis with good yields.
Researchers have developed a route to modify peptides to target disease diagnostics and drug discovery, focusing on protein-protein interactions (PPIs). By modifying a small peptide sequence, the team showed it binds more quickly and strongly to specific PPI targets.
Scientists at Linköping University have created sheets of gold only a single atom layer thick, termed goldene. This material has given gold new properties that can make it suitable for applications such as carbon dioxide conversion, hydrogen production, and selective production of value-added chemicals.
Researchers developed a new reagent called t-BuSF to improve the synthesis of sulfur-containing compounds used in medicines. The use of t-BuSF decreased reaction times and improved stability, enabling efficient production of these compounds.
Researchers at the University of Birmingham have created binding molecules to make platelets clump together, enabling validated clinical assays and research tools for studying platelet activation. The 'nanobody' technology shows promise for developing therapeutics for blood and thrombotic disorders.
Researchers developed a novel solid-state mechanochemical reaction to synthesize FCMs from PTFE and graphite, producing materials with enhanced storage capacity and electrochemical stability. The new method bypasses toxic reagents and offers a safer alternative for practical applications.
A new technique converts kale waste into phytochemicals for use in health and personal care products, preserving potency and using non-toxic solvents. The method reduces energy consumption and emissions, making it attractive for industry adoption and supporting a circular economy.
Scientists at the National University of Singapore have developed a new method for synthesizing organosilanes using eosin Y, a low-cost and readily available dye molecule. This enables stepwise customised functionalisation of multihydrosilanes to access fully substituted silicon compounds.
Scientists at Paderborn University have developed a new catalyst, known as Lewis superacid, to break strong chemical bonds and speed up reactions. This breakthrough enables the conversion of non-biodegradable greenhouse gases into sustainable chemicals.
Researchers have developed a novel catalytic approach to synthesize monocyclic 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-azetidin-2-ones, which show potential as therapeutic agents. The method yields all four diastereomers with high selectivity and has been published in Current Organocatalysis.
Researchers have developed a novel technique to produce hydrogen peroxide without releasing carbon dioxide, reducing greenhouse gas emissions. The method uses photocatalysis and carbon nitride as a catalyst, making it more cost-effective and environmentally friendly.
Researchers from South China University of Technology have developed novel surface modification techniques for nickel-rich layered oxide cathode materials, improving their electrochemical performance. The techniques allow for high-performance nickel-rich cathode materials to be synthesized, enabling in-depth mechanisms to be captured a...
Researchers at the University of Freiburg have created a novel deelectronator made from a commercially available chemical, allowing for the production of previously unknown cluster cations. This breakthrough enables the efficient removal of electrons while preserving complex structures.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new method to synthesize medicines using carbenes, reducing the need for explosive intermediates. This breakthrough could enable faster production of cyclopropanes, a key ingredient in COVID-19 treatments and other medications.
Researchers have created a noninvasive method to identify tumors causing hypertension by reducing radiation exposure. The new fluorine-based agent replaces an iodine-based agent and may allow for screening of patients with hypertension-linked aldosterone adenomas.
Pitt and Princeton engineers develop a system that converts chemical energy into mechanical action, allowing two-dimensional polymer sheets to rise and rotate in spiral helices without external power. The self-assembly process creates a complex, three-dimensional structure resembling twisted yarn being formed by a rotating spindle.
The SAVE program, a NIH initiative, provides real-time risk assessment of SARS-CoV-2 variants on immune protection. It uses a coordinated approach to identify and curate data about these variants, their impact on immunity, and their effects on vaccine protection.
Researchers developed a new reagent-free detection technique for SARS-CoV-2 using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning. The method shows an accuracy of 80% in detecting COVID-19 infections from saliva samples, overcoming limitations of RT-PCR testing.
Researchers developed a novel polymeric nanoparticle that selectively binds to fibrinogen in human plasma, offering a simpler and less expensive way to manufacture fibrinogen concentrate. This breakthrough could lead to the creation of more efficient fibrinogen-specific affinity reagents for drug development.
Researchers at Ural Federal University developed a simple method to produce fluorine-containing heterocycles, which are promising building blocks for medicinal chemistry and agrochemistry. The new compounds were found to be highly chemically active and selectively entered into various reactions.
A new study by the University of Portsmouth has developed a method to measure microplastics in human sewage using Fenton reagent, which is faster and more cost-efficient than existing methods. This breakthrough has huge potential for standardizing plastic pollution measurement.
Scientists at Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a new strategy for producing organotin compounds by photoexciting stannyl anions. This approach increases selectivity and reactivity, enabling the efficient synthesis of bioactive products, novel drugs, and functional materials.
Researchers at the University of Toronto have made a groundbreaking discovery in the field of reaction dynamics, shedding light on the behavior of molecules during collisions. The 'knock-on chemistry' phenomenon reveals that reaction products emerge in a straight line, moving in the same direction as the incoming reagent atom.
Researchers have found a complex equilibrium between bimetallic species in the Br-Mg exchange, with lithium magnesiates playing a key role. Detailed NMR spectroscopic studies revealed that an alkyl-rich lithium magnesiate is the active species of the reaction.
Scientists have developed a technology for obtaining magnetic nanoparticles using sweet flag extract, which exhibits antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The new nanoparticles show antifungal activity against various species of fungi, demonstrating potential applications in agriculture and medicine.
Scientists from Germany and China combine chemotherapeutic and photodynamic agents in a nanocapsule to destroy cancer cells. The treatment is effective against resistant tumors and stops tumor growth in live mice, offering a promising new approach to cancer therapy.
Researchers have found a way to directly couple aryl halides and alkyllithium compounds using palladium catalysts containing YPhos-type ligands. This breakthrough enables the efficient synthesis of complex chemical structures with minimal side products, reducing costs and environmental impact.
Researchers from RUDN University have developed a novel domino reaction for synthesizing chromenoisoquinolineamine derivatives, which showed promising antitumor activity against cancer cells, including drug-resistant strains. The new compounds were found to be toxic to tumor cells and efficient even at low concentrations.
A new COVID test has been developed that omits scarce reagents needed for previous tests, providing accurate results with high accuracy (92%) and reliability. The two-step test is ideal for screening programs in both developing and developed countries, and could extend testing capacity to groups not currently being tested.
Researchers developed a rapid synthesis method for useful organic fluorine compounds, including gem-difluoroalkenes. This method uses triflones and Grignard reagents to produce the compounds efficiently and safely.
Researchers at Kazan Federal University developed a sunflower oil-based inhibitor to prevent gas hydrates and pipeline corrosion in the Arctic. The unique reagent showed high efficiency during laboratory tests, offering a budget-friendly solution with biodegradable properties.
The American Chemical Society's 'Talented 12' program recognizes early-career researchers tackling difficult global challenges. This year's class includes innovators in chemistry, biobased building blocks, and faster reagents. They will be featured in this week's issue of CEN.
Researchers at University of Freiburg developed a novel, stable oxidizing agent that overcomes common disadvantages of existing oxidants. The new reagent allows for the synthesis of reactive species in standard laboratory solvents and has broad applicability in inorganic, organic chemistry, electrochemical research.
Researchers at Hokkaido University developed a new method to detect anti-avian influenza virus antibody, which could be used to detect antibodies against SARS-CoV-2. The technology uses a portable fluorescence polarization analyzer that can examine multiple samples and detect the antibody in just 20 minutes.
New water-soluble polyurethane inhibitors significantly reduce hydrate formation and corrosion in pipelines. Researchers developed the first multi-functional reagents to address two key issues: efficient hydrocarbon production and transportation, as well as environmental risks.
Researchers at Osaka University have reported a straightforward approach to protein modification by targeting the N-terminus, providing a new tool for protein engineering. The method uses a single-step reaction to conjugate functional molecules to proteins, resulting in highly efficient site-specific labeling under mild conditions.
Researchers from Kazan Federal University have developed a new reagent to combat hydrate formation in Arctic oil production, reducing environmental harm. The chitosan-graft-Polyacrylamide reagent slows down hydrate formation and ensures safe transportation of products in optimal temperature ranges.
The CF LINK technology allows for selective preparation of protein conjugates through tryptophan residues and post-translational modification of aromatic amino acids. It can also be used to map protein surfaces and study protein-protein interactions.
Researchers use electrochemistry to synthesize difficult-to-make compounds and reduce waste and toxic byproducts compared to traditional chemical reagents. The ElectraSyn 2.0 module has enabled chemists to access the technology without electronics expertise, but scaling up production remains a challenge.
Researchers at IBM and Polytechnique Montreal have developed a novel method to solve the dispersion problem in portable diagnostic systems. By stretching a water drop into a long ribbon-like shape, they can reduce the flow rate of the liquid locally, allowing for precise biochemical measurements with minimal user intervention.
A new WHO autoantibody reference reagent has been developed to align autoantibody analyses, improving diagnosis and treatment for patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) worldwide. The reference reagent was evaluated in an international study and showed significant improvements in differences between different anti-dsDNA assays.
Researchers have created a super-stable form of MHC tetramer reagent, enabling faster detection and manipulation of T cells in patients. This breakthrough opens new possibilities for personalized cancer treatment strategies.
Researchers have developed polyvalent iodine-based reagents for organic synthesis, replacing toxic compounds and enabling reactions at room temperature. The mildest reagent is suitable for oxidizing natural compounds, while the most powerful reagent synthesizes fluorinated alcohols.
Researchers at Polytechnique Montréal developed an open-space microfluidics technology that eliminates channels, reducing stress on cells and increasing compatibility with cell-culture standards. The system uses microfluidic multipoles to create patterns that can be used for disease detection and diagnosis.
InDevR launches first-in-class reagent kit for rapid quantification of N9 in 'pandemic' influenza vaccines. The VaxArray assays are expected to reduce time and cost associated with vaccine production, facilitating improvement of seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines.
Researchers have found a way to replace hydrogen atoms with fluorine in organic molecules, increasing their metabolic stability and potentially leading to more effective pharmaceuticals. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new treatments for various diseases.
A new fact-checking computer program has identified sequence errors in 25% of biomedical research papers, including identity errors and typographic errors. The program, Seek & Blastn, could help deter fraudulent publications and re-evaluate existing conclusions.
Researchers at Zelinsky Institute successfully observed an organic catalytic reaction in a liquid medium using electron microscopy. The study demonstrated the possibilities of employing nanostructured reagents in organic synthesis and provided insights into the reaction mechanism and its potential practical applications.
Researchers at Scripps Research and Bristol-Myers Squibb developed a new tool, called phosphorus-sulfur incorporation (PSI), to precisely control the 3D architecture of thiophosphate linkages in nucleic acid therapeutics. This technology enables the creation of single isomers with hundreds of thousands of stereoisomers.
Tufts University biologists computationally model and manipulate electrical patterns in developing frog embryos to prevent nicotine-induced defects. They identify a hyperpolarization-activated channel that restores normal bioelectric patterns, rescuing embryos from brain defects.