Articles tagged with Redox Reactions
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Scientists at Leibniz-HKI discovered an enzyme called BurK that cleaves the toxic molecule malleicyprol in human pathogenic bacteria. This mechanism regulates toxin levels and renders it harmless to humans, offering a potential therapeutic approach for antibiotic-resistant infections.
Researchers at The University of Osaka have developed a new reaction using main-group element gallium to synthesize important building-block molecules. The discovery uses earth-abundant elements, potentially easing reliance on rare-earth metals and reducing environmental costs.
Researchers at ISTA have discovered a way to tune singlet oxygen, a highly reactive ROS that causes cell damage and degrades batteries. By controlling the pH inside mitochondria, they can produce more 'good' triplet oxygen and reduce the production of 'bad' singlet oxygen.
A new review highlights how electrons travel through soils and sediments, reshaping our understanding of underground environments. Long-distance electron transfer processes enable remote remediation, expanding microbial activity and reducing pollutants.
A new study has revealed chemical signatures of ancient Martian microbial life in the Bright Angel formation, a region of Jezero Crater known for its fine-grained mudstones rich in oxidized iron and organic carbon. The findings suggest that early microorganisms may have played a role in shaping these rocks through redox reactions.
Researchers discovered a unique partnership between two microbes that work together as a living electrical network to consume methane, a potent greenhouse gas. The finding sheds light on how microorganisms naturally reduce methane emissions and could lead to innovative strategies to control methane release in various environments.
Researchers develop redox-adaptive auto-tandem catalysis using cerium to perform multiple reaction steps in a single container. This method reduces overhead and energy requirements, leading to lower costs and reduced chemical waste.
Researchers at The University of Osaka have invented a novel, unsymmetrical hetero[8]circulene molecule with unique properties that make it a potent organic photocatalyst. The molecule can speed up chemical reactions triggered by light, paving the way for sustainable and inexpensive material creation.
Face masks degrade into nanoplastics under sunlight, changing their chemical nature and affecting ecosystems. Researchers found that exposure to sunlight is required for the formation of manganese oxide on plastic particles, altering their interaction and transport in the environment.
A team of Penn State researchers has discovered a fundamental reaction in transition metal chemistry that can proceed through a different order of events, achieving the same outcome. This finding raises questions about whether this new pathway has been occurring all along and potentially opens up new avenues for chemical design.
A Korean research team discovered that High Mobility Group Box 1 (HMGB1) plays a critical role in transmitting senescence from aging cells to distant tissues through the bloodstream. Reduced HMGB1 circulates systemically, inducing senescence in remote tissues and impairing regenerative capacity.
Researchers at Colorado State University have developed a more efficient light-based process for transforming fossil fuels into useful modern chemicals, effective even at room temperatures. The organic photoredox catalysis system uses visible light to alter chemical compounds, reducing energy demands and pollution in various industries.
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a novel iron-based catalyst that more than doubles the conversion efficiency of thermochemical green hydrogen production. The new catalyst, iron-poor nickel ferrite (Fe-poor NiFe2O4), enables significantly greater oxygen capacity even at lower temperatures.
Researchers discovered that endoperoxides derived from ergosterol and 7-dehydrocholesterol induce the death of melanoma cells. This finding paves the way for expanding the use of photodynamic therapy in fighting skin cancer.
Researchers have developed a new sensor to detect hazardous gas leaks in lithium-ion batteries, which could prevent catastrophic failures and enhance the reliability of battery-powered technologies. The sensor detects trace amounts of ethylene carbonate vapour, targeting potential battery failures before they escalate into disasters.
A collaboration between Japanese, Korean, and American researchers found that larger cations suppress platinum dissolution compared to smaller cations. The study reveals a 'cation effect' influencing electrode durability.
A Chinese team proposes adding a soluble catalyst to electrolytes in lithium-air batteries, enhancing charge transport and counteracting electrode passivation. The addition improves the batteries' performance and lifespan by reducing overpotential and increasing discharge capacity.
Researchers at NIMS developed a next-generation AI device leveraging ion-controlled spin wave interference in magnetic materials, outperforming conventional devices by up to 10 times. The technology enables energy-efficient computations with minimal degradation when miniaturized, opening doors for various industrial applications.
Researchers at Osaka University have discovered a 'nano-switch mechanism' that controls the potential of an electron carrier protein in redox reactions. This finding has significant implications for the development of ultra-sensitive sensors and novel drugs.
The comprehensive review highlights the impact of electron density topology on materials science and chemistry. It reveals connections between methods, including NG QTAIM, and their potential for simulating complex reactions, enabling more realistic computing and understanding of matter.
A new visible-light antenna ligand enhances samarium-catalyzed reactions, reducing Sm usage by up to 98% and enabling mild conditions. The study provides valuable insights for developing efficient Sm-based catalysts.
Researchers propose a new parameter to compare mantle-derived magmas from different depths, revealing constant oxidation state since Hadean, contradicting previous assumptions on O2 levels rise. The study integrates thermal state and redox state, providing insights into Earth's multi-sphere system co-evolution history.
A new study reveals that traffic-related ultrafine particles hinder mitochondrial functions in human olfactory mucosa cells, impairing oxidative phosphorylation and redox balance. Individuals with Alzheimer's disease showed altered responses to UFP exposure.
A new study by Prof. Daniel Mandler and his team found that organic molecules can significantly influence the electrical properties of gold nanoparticles, up to 71 mV. The research highlights the importance of capping agents in controlling nanoparticle behavior and provides insights for customizing their interactions.
A team of researchers from Okayama University developed a novel phenothiazine-based organic photoredox catalyst with enhanced stability and recyclability. The new catalyst, PTHS, features a spiral structure that provides improved stability and can be recycled multiple times without losing catalytic activity.
Chinese scientists developed a new three-phase OSW electrocatalytic system for efficient production of high-purity benzaldehyde, achieving 97% Faradaic efficiency and 91.7% purity without post-purification processes. The system uses clean energy and water resources, simplifying product separation and purification.
Researchers developed a thermoelectric device that converts heat into electricity at near room temperature, with an instantaneous power density of 3.7 mW/m² K² and a Carnot relative efficiency of 0.12%. The device has applications in powering wearable electronics, solar panels, and building walls.
Scientists found that doping with Scandium reduces structural changes but doesn't improve stability. Magnesium doping suppresses oxygen redox reaction, which is unexpected as magnesium triggers it in other layered manganese oxides.
The Redox Medicine Society will host its 26th International Conference on Redox Medicine in Paris, featuring keynotes, sessions, and round-table discussions on advancements and applications in clinical settings. The conference aims to facilitate innovation and excellence in the field of redox medicine.
Researchers have successfully transmitted a domino effect in redox reactions for the first time. The new mechanism involves a two-part molecule that undergoes structural changes upon oxidation, triggering further oxidation in neighboring groups. This discovery has potential applications in nanoscale computing and energy systems.
A research team at Osaka University has found a way to synthesize alkylamines in a sustainable and cost-effective manner, using a novel catalyst system that produces only water as a byproduct.
A computational study conducted by Brazilian researchers found that current density and active species concentration are the main variables affecting capacity loss. The approach successfully mitigated cross-contamination, providing an optimal flow between electrolyte tanks under different operating conditions.
Researchers at Nagoya University identified the link between iron and blindness caused by ocular toxoplasmosis, a parasite affecting one-third of the world's population. Controlling iron levels has shown promise as a potential cure.
Researchers have developed a dinuclear ruthenium complex that efficiently reduces CO2 to carbon monoxide with over 99% selectivity. The catalyst's self-photosensitizing properties enhance its stability under reaction conditions, allowing it to drive the CO2 reduction process even at low CO2 concentrations.
Researchers have developed a metal nanocluster-based separator for lithium-sulfur batteries, accelerating electrochemical kinetics and improving capacity and cycling stability. The technology has the potential to increase the adoption of sustainable energy storage systems, including electric vehicles and renewable energy.
A ferrocene-based capsule with unusual charge-transfer interactions has been synthesized, allowing for reversible encapsulation and release of guest molecules. The capsule can bind to a variety of organic and inorganic dyes and electron-accepting molecules, demonstrating its potential applications in medicine, biotechnology, and chemic...
Researchers have developed a novel catalysis scheme that enables previously impossible chemical reactions without the use of rare and precious metals. The method uses light to activate the catalyst, allowing for the optimization of the process.
Researchers at Worcester Polytechnic Institute discovered a new redox chemistry empowered by chloride ions for the development of seawater green batteries. This technology leverages abundant elements such as iron oxides and hydroxides, potentially repurposing iron rust waste materials for modern energy storage.
A joint research team from City University of Hong Kong and collaborators developed a stable artificial photocatalytic system that mimics natural chloroplasts to convert carbon dioxide into methane, a valuable fuel, very efficiently using light. The new system achieved a highly efficient solar-to-fuel efficiency rate of 15%, surpassing...
Researchers have demonstrated a method to power water remediation using renewable energy sources, including solar power. Through electrochemical separation and redox reactions, they successfully removed arsenate from wastewater.
Researchers develop an ionic device utilizing redox reactions to achieve a high number of reservoir states, enabling efficient complex nonlinear operations. The device demonstrated remarkable performance in solving second-order nonlinear dynamic equations and predicting future values with low mean square prediction error.
Researchers have developed a hybrid battery system that stores electricity and produces valuable chemicals, such as furfuryl alcohol and furoic acid. The new battery increases the cost efficiency of the battery system, making it a step towards improving the sustainability and cost-effectiveness of rechargeable batteries.
Researchers at Shibaura Institute of Technology have developed a faster way to synthesize CoSn(OH)6, a powerful catalyst required for high-energy lithium–air batteries. The new method uses solution plasma-based synthesis and achieves highly crystalline CSO crystals with improved catalytic properties.
Researchers at the Beckman Institute developed a new purification system that uses an electrified version of dialysis to separate salt and other unnecessary particles from wastewater. The method saves money and saps 90% less energy than its counterparts, making it a promising solution for global water scarcity.
Researchers at Waseda University have developed a novel, completely solid, rechargeable air battery that uses a benzoquinone-based negative electrode and solid Nafion polymer electrolyte. The battery exhibits high performance and close to maximum capacity, overcoming metal-based battery limitations and liquid electrolyte safety concerns.
Researchers from GIST have developed a hydrotropic-supporting electrolyte to enhance the solubility of organic redox molecules in aqueous systems. This improvement enables the creation of high-energy-density electrochemical capacitors with potential applications in redox flow batteries.
Researchers have developed a modular system to recognize chiral molecules, which could lead to more effective methods of separating enantiomers in drugs. The system uses metallopolymers with chirality to sense two enantiomeric molecules through electrochemical interactions.
Scientists at Duke University found electric fields within biological condensates, which could change the way researchers think about biological chemistry. The discovery suggests that these structures may have played a crucial role in the first life on Earth, providing energy for essential reactions.
A team of researchers used synchrotron XRD to investigate the topochemical solid-gas reduction mechanisms in a layered perovskite. The study found that surface treatment can manipulate reaction processes, and the technique can identify rate-determining steps for optimizing material design.
Researchers have developed a new type of organic battery that uses redox-organic electrode materials (OEMs) synthesized from natural materials. The battery features high capacity, scalability, and recyclability, making it a promising sustainable alternative to traditional lithium-ion batteries.
Researchers have discovered a link between iron redox and Alzheimer's disease, which could lead to the development of new drugs to treat the condition. The new imaging technique allows for the simultaneous detection of two forms of iron in cells and tissue, providing insights into its role in destroying brain cells.
Researchers at Binghamton University and Brookhaven Lab used advanced spectroscopy techniques to study the effects of peroxides on copper oxide surfaces. They found that peroxides significantly enhanced CuO reducibility in favor of H2 oxidation, while acting as an inhibitor to suppress CO oxidation.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences have doubled lithium storage capacity in hard carbon anodes by exploring lithiation boundary parameters. The study reveals the dual effect of lithium intercalation and reversible lithium film as key to high-reversible capacities.
A novel Cu-based catalyst with improved catalytic performance for CO2 reduction has been developed by leveraging strong metal-support interactions and defect sites cooperativity. The DFNS/TiO2-Cu catalyst showed excellent activity and stability, outperforming other copper-based thermal catalysts.
Researchers at Drexel University have developed a new method that combines UV-visible spectroscopy with cyclic voltammetry to track ion movement in batteries and supercapacitors. This breakthrough could lead to the design of higher performing energy storage devices.
Researchers from Osaka University have improved the Faradaic efficiency of nitrogen reduction into ammonia at ambient pressure using trace water. This work helps optimize the sustainability of the Haber-Bosch reaction, which contributes substantially to global carbon emissions.
A team of researchers has discovered the role of amino acid sequences in regulating ATP production in photosynthetic organisms. The study found that specific domains of the γ subunit of chloroplast F0F1 are involved in redox regulation, crucial for photosynthesis.
Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis found that nanoplastics from polystyrene can produce reactive oxygen species when exposed to light, which can harm wildlife and the aquatic ecosystem. The study suggests that smaller particle sizes of nanoplastics may be more reactive and decompose faster under light.
Researchers have successfully segregated oppositely helical supramolecular polymers in a solution using audible sound, inducing surface vibrations and advection currents. This approach allows for the spatiotemporal control of chiral supramolecular systems, enabling the segregation of multiple aggregates.
Researchers discovered that the Memo1 protein binds copper ions, blocking toxic redox reactions that damage or kill cancer cells. The protein's interaction with copper also protects against metastasis formation in breast cancer cells. This finding opens up potential new treatments for cancer.