Articles tagged with Surface Proteins
The Damon Runyon Cancer Research Foundation has awarded $4.2 million to five new Clinical Investigators conducting patient-oriented cancer research. The awards will support the development of new treatments for cancer patients, with a focus on enhancing efficacy and safety.
Researchers at Duke University and colleagues discover a way to improve the uptake of cancer-fighting drugs called PROTACs by leveraging the CD36 protein. This approach delivered up to 23 times more potent treatment without compromising stability or solubility, paving the way for effective medications.
Researchers found that full-genome differences between rotavirus strains influence vaccine effectiveness, highlighting the need for a broader approach to vaccine design. The study's results suggest that vaccines should be designed based on the whole genome of circulating strains, rather than just two surface proteins.
An international team of scientists has molecularly decoded blood stem cell differentiation pathways using state-of-the-art sequencing methods. They identified a crucial surface protein, PD-L2, which suppresses the immune response by preventing T cell activation and release of inflammatory substances.
Researchers discover how an anticancer drug triggers an 'outside in' signal to get sucked into a cancer cell, providing insights into adhesion regulation and potential drug design targets. The study reveals a new mechanism for delivering drugs using P-cadherin protein.
Researchers developed a new super-resolution microscopic method to investigate the interactions of therapeutic antibodies with target molecules on tumour cells. The study reveals that all four antibodies crosslink CD20 molecules independently of type I or II classification, and that B cells take on a hedgehog shape after treatment.
Researchers at the University of Gothenburg have discovered an antibody-like molecule, E10, that can protect mice from various influenza viruses. The molecule targets a conserved part of the virus's surface protein shared across multiple influenza types, providing effective protection against seasonal epidemics.
A study by researchers from Brazil and Germany found that a surface protein on Aspergillus fumigatus spores suppresses the release of pro-inflammatory substances by immune cells, making it easier for the fungus to infect the body. The enzyme glycosylasparaginase plays a crucial role in this process.
Scientists discovered that T follicular helper cells indirectly control the anti-influenza response, leading to less effective immunity. The study found that the current flu vaccine formulation could be improved by excluding internal proteins and targeting surface proteins.
Researchers have discovered that natural antimicrobial predatory bacteria, Bdellovibrio bacterivorous, produce fibre-like proteins on their surface to ensnare prey. This breakthrough enables scientists to use these predators to target and kill problematic bacteria in healthcare, food spoilage, and the environment.
Researchers discovered a link between MCEMP1 protein on mast cells and severe asthma. Inhibiting this protein could provide relief for patients with severe asthma by reducing inflammation in the airway and lungs. The study provides critical information for developing new therapies for long-term lung conditions.
Researchers have identified mechanisms behind the emergence of new and contagious coronavirus variants by analyzing over three million genome sequences. The study found that concordant substitutions occurring at other sites influence the likelihood of a substitution occurring at a specific site, leading to unexpected variant emergence.
Researchers found that necroptosis promotes metastasis in breast cancer models, and blocking it leads to inhibition of metastasis. Necroptosis may be a key factor in tumor progression, and targeting its regulators could be critical for mitigating metastasis.
Researchers found that measles virus mutations in its fusion protein allow it to infect nerve cells, leading to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. The team's discovery sheds light on the evolutionary mechanisms of viruses like coronaviruses and herpesviruses.
Researchers have successfully blocked the adhesion mechanism of Bartonella henselae bacteria, preventing cell infection. The discovery offers a promising new approach to combat highly resistant infectious agents like Acinetobacter baumannii.
Researchers found that reduced NA activity enables HA mutations to become more neutral, and that this process is crucial for predicting future flu strains. The study aims to improve flu vaccine accuracy by understanding the interactions between HA and NA genes.
Scientists have developed a face mask that can detect common respiratory viruses in the air, alerting wearers via mobile devices within 10 minutes. The mask uses aptamers to identify unique proteins on viral surface proteins, amplifying signals to detect even trace levels of pathogens.
Researchers have created a comprehensive map of the human immune system, showing how immune cells communicate with each other. The map could lead to new immunotherapies for treating cancer, infectious diseases, and autoimmune conditions.
Researchers analyzed antibodies to internal and surface proteins of SARS-CoV-2, finding that profiles of internal proteins predicted survival outcomes as well as those for surface proteins. The study suggests targeting other parts of the virus could enhance COVID-19 vaccines and therapies.
Scientists found a connection between the SARS-CoV-2 virus and the production of misfolded proteins called amyloids, which can cause complex symptoms and damage in organs such as the heart and kidneys. The researchers' discovery may help explain why COVID-19 often affects multiple parts of the body.
A new computational tool allows precise prediction of protein interfaces for COVID-19 and human interactions. This breakthrough enables researchers to better understand virus development, identify high-risk populations, and develop targeted drugs.
Researchers at the University of Houston have developed a new, label-free biosensing platform for detecting cancer biomarkers in exosomes. The technology uses gold nanodisks to capture and analyze surface proteins on exosomes with high sensitivity.
Researchers identify structure and interaction between HCV E2 protein and CD81 receptor, revealing acidic conditions enhance binding and facilitate cell entry. This discovery provides new leads for developing an HCV vaccine by targeting specific antibodies against the virus.
Researchers found that saliva protein adsorption is influenced by biomaterial surface properties, countering previous studies. The study lays groundwork for improving medical and dental implants' success by controlling the adsorption of proteins from blood plasma.
Baylor College of Medicine researchers found that long-term exposure to IFNγ exhausts blood stem cells by triggering proliferation and excessive differentiation. Modulating BST2 expression on these cells may provide a means to regulate their activation during chronic infections.
A new fragment library, F2X-Universal, has been designed and validated by the HZB team. The library consists of 1,103 compounds, which were successfully tested against endothiapepsin and Aar2/RnaseH protein complex targets.
Researchers have developed synthetic red blood cells that exhibit all the properties of natural ones, including flexibility and oxygen transport. These artificial cells can carry therapeutic cargoes, such as anticancer drugs or toxin sensors, and demonstrate potential in medical applications like cancer therapy and toxin biosensing.
Researchers conducted a global census of diverse proteins on the outer membrane of cells, governing their interactions and assembly into organs. The study's agnostic approach revealed 20 new cell surface proteins important for brain wiring in fruit flies.
Researchers developed MaSIF, a machine learning-driven method to predict protein interactions and biochemical activity based on surface appearance. The algorithm analyzes chemical and geometric properties of proteins, creating a unique 'fingerprint' for each, enabling the prediction of behavior patterns.
Researchers at Uppsala University and Vesicode AB have developed a novel proximity-dependent barcoding assay (PBA) to map surface protein complements on individual exosomes. The method enables large-scale screens for biomarkers in disease, providing a new tool for early detection and prognosis.
University of Minnesota researchers have identified a novel circuit in the cell membrane that signals changes to bacterial surface adhesive proteins. This intramembrane signaling system appears to provide a 'fail-safe' mechanism to edit surface proteins and enable bacteria to adhere and colonize different body surfaces.
Researchers at Arizona State University have developed a method to assemble protein and DNA building blocks into three-dimensional cages. The technique allows for precise control over cage structure and size, opening up new possibilities for targeted delivery, structural biology, biomedicine, and catalytic materials.
Researchers have created an in silico inventory of proteins on cell surfaces using machine learning, predicting the presence of over 2,900 proteins on human cell surfaces. The study reveals a wide variety of surface proteins across different cell types, with primary stem cells showing the greatest diversity.
Scientists have discovered that DNA packaging proteins play a central role in the parasite's ability to alter its surface coat protein, enabling it to evade the host's immune system. This process, known as antigenic variation, allows trypanosomes to stay one step ahead of the game and establish long-term infections.
Scientists at Tufts University visualized the flu virus's dynamic surface protein structure that reaches out to hijack target cells, revealing a 'better mousetrap' mechanism. The discovery sheds new light on viral entry and may help develop more effective vaccines.
Scientists have developed a way to stabilize proteins outside of their native environments, creating mats that can trap chemical pollution. The research demonstrates a unique path toward exploiting protein power in synthetic systems.
Scientists at Salk Institute develop novel approach to discover critical contacts on proteins, uncovering new functions for well-studied proteins. The technique has significant implications for therapeutic drug development, which relies heavily on physical interaction with cellular targets.
Scientists employed kinesin motor proteins to detect stretching and compressing of soft silicon-based material polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The study found that microtubules moved faster and aligned themselves in response to stretching, while slowing down and aligning perpendicular to compression.
A team of researchers discovered that chaperones have two classes, each identifying distinct types of hydrophobic amino acid sequences. These sequences can form hazardous clumps in the cell if not eliminated rapidly. The study sheds light on molecular quality control and has implications for biotechnological protein production.
Researchers have created a detailed atlas of surface proteins on naive CD4+ T cells, which play a crucial role in the development of immunological memory. The findings provide insights into the cell's maturation process and could lead to new therapeutic approaches for allergies and asthma.
A small artificially composed virus fragment, sAB+, has been found to be sufficient for inducing a partially protective immune response against the Chikungunya virus. This discovery presents a promising approach for developing a Chikungunya vaccine.
A potent dengue-neutralizing antibody, 5J7, has been identified with a tiny amount needed to stop the infection of dengue serotype 3 virus (DENV-3). This breakthrough finding offers hope for developing effective dengue treatments.
Researchers at Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine have identified three surface proteins on the Anaplasma phagocytophilum bacterium that cause tick-transmitted disease. Targeting these proteins could lead to effective prevention and treatment, enabling the development of a vaccine.
Scientists have identified a single protein, Juno, that pairs with Izumo on the surface of the egg to initiate fertilization. The discovery may lead to improved fertility treatments and new contraceptives by understanding the essential interaction between sperm and egg, which is crucial for mammalian life.
Researchers may be able to design and synthesize stronger, more adaptable antibiotics from less expensive natural compounds using a specialized enzyme. By modifying an enzyme called KirCII, scientists hope to turn it into a set of wrenches that can install different molecular pieces to create new antibiotics.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania have identified a potential new strategy to treat paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, a rare and life-threatening blood disorder. By inhibiting the complement cascade, they hope to create a cost-effective treatment option that can prevent both hemolysis and immune cell recognition.
A $1.7 million grant from NSF supports Rensselaer researcher George Makhatadze in investigating protein folding speed to expand enzymatic range for paper manufacturing and other industries. The goal is to slow protein deterioration, extending functional life at high temperatures.
Researchers have discovered that protein surface defects, called dehydrons, allow water molecules to become unstable and easily expelled. This finding provides a novel strategy for designing drug candidates that can dislodge these water molecules upon association with the protein.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in creating 'bio-batteries' by discovering that bacteria can produce an electric current when touching a mineral surface. This allows for the direct transfer of electrical charge through bacterial cell membranes, paving the way for efficient microbial fuel cells.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum have developed a new method to attach proteins to the surface of germanium crystals, enabling time-resolved tracking of molecule interactions. This technology has been applied in the EU project K4DD and allows for the study of G-protein-coupled receptors.
Researchers developed transgenic P. falciparum to study human antibody response to surface proteins. They found that antibodies targeting PfEMP1 mediate human immunity to malaria, with reduced risk of symptoms.
Researchers discover antibodies to malaria surface protein PfEMP1 mediate human immunity; CCL25 pathway suppresses colon cancer metastasis; and a retargeted botulinum toxin inhibits hormone production in acromegaly.
Researchers found that the absence of a single gene in Neospora makes it less able to evade the immune response in mice and other species. This may explain why Neospora has a limited host range compared to Toxoplasma, which has more surface proteins necessary for host adaptation.
Scientists discovered that ion channels can assemble in different combinations to detect a wide range of temperatures. Researchers found that combining specific subunits can create hybrid channels with enhanced sensitivity, allowing the body to adapt to temperature changes.
Venomous creatures' active surfaces evolve rapidly in response to environmental constraints, while non-active 'structural' surfaces change minimally. This phenomenon supports the Red Queen's hypothesis and may aid in designing novel synthetic proteins with tailored pharmaceutical properties.
Researchers at UCI have found a new approach to creating customized therapies for virulent flu strains that resist current antiviral drugs. They used computer simulations to predict how pocket structures on influenza proteins promoting viral replication can be identified, allowing for possible pharmaceutical exploitation.
Antifreeze proteins have been found to bind to ice crystals through a specific mechanism involving hydrophobic and hydrophilic groups. This discovery may lead to the development of stronger, more versatile AFPs with commercial applications in various industries.
A team of scientists at the University of Pennsylvania has engineered a lentiviral vector that expresses CD47, a protein found on all cells, on its surface. This allows the virus to avoid being detected by the immune system, potentially making it safer for gene therapy and drug delivery.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic describe the crucial initial steps of measles virus attachment to host cells, revealing a complex dance-like movement. The findings provide insight into the disease mechanism, which could lead to new therapeutic strategies.
Researchers at Vetmeduni Vienna identified a novel mechanism by which Mycoplasma agalactiae switches its surface protein genes. The so-called phase variation is caused by alterations in short DNA sequences controlled by an enzyme called recombinase. This process enables the organism to avoid host defense mechanisms during infection.