Articles tagged with Clouds
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Tropical Storm Nesat made its second and final landfall on July 30 at Su'ao in northeastern Taiwan, causing evacuations. The storm then crossed the island nation and landed in southeastern China's Fujian Province, prompting over 3,100 evacuees.
Tropical Storm Emily formed in the Gulf of Mexico on July 30, with NASA's AIRS instrument capturing high cloud top temperatures indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The storm made landfall in Florida on July 31, bringing maximum sustained winds of 45 mph and forecasted to weaken into a tropical depression.
Tropical Storm Hilary weakened to 70mph after passing over cooler waters, according to NASA's infrared imagery from the Aqua satellite. The storm's deep convection and thunderstorms decreased late on July 27, indicating dry air has wrapped into its circulation.
Tropical Storm Nesat was caught being sheared by northeasterly wind patterns, causing its clouds to be pushed southwest. The storm is forecast to intensify as the wind shear decreases, making landfall in southeastern China on July 30.
NASA used the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder to track cloud top temperatures in Tropical Storm Irwin, identifying the strongest storms as those west of its low-level center. Temperatures of minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit were recorded in these areas, indicating potential heavy rainfall.
NOAA's GOES-West satellite captured an infrared image of Hurricane Hilary on July 27, revealing the storm remains somewhat sheared. The National Hurricane Center expects slight weakening during the next 48 hours, with Hilary expected to be at or near hurricane strength until the weekend.
NASA's Suomi NPP satellite captured a visible light image of hurricane Irwin on July 25, showing an elongated band of thunderstorms around its circulation. By July 26, the cloud pattern had significantly deteriorated, with Irwin consisting of a tight circulation center surrounded by deep convection.
Tropical Depression Kulap is weakening due to strong wind shear caused by nearby Typhoon Noru. The NASA Terra satellite captured an image of the storm on July 13, showing a swirl of clouds around its center after wind shear pushed clouds away from it.
Tropical Storm Nesat has formed east of the Philippines with maximum sustained winds near 45 knots (52 mph), strengthening at a rate of 4.6 mph per hour. The storm is expected to move past the Philippines without making landfall, intensifying to 85 knots before approaching Taiwan by July 30.
Typhoon Noru is experiencing strong winds and towering thunderstorms with cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit. The storm is forecast to turn more westward before approaching Japan on July 31, prompting concerns for landfall.
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder instrument aboard NASA's Aqua satellite gathered data on Tropical Storm Irwin, revealing a large area of strong storms with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit. This suggests that the storm has the potential to generate heavy rainfall and strengthen into a hurricane.
Typhoon Noru's eye was surrounded by powerful thunderstorms with cloud top temperatures as cold as 210 kelvin, indicating potential for heavy rainfall. NASA's infrared data will aid forecasters in tracking the storm's trajectory, predicting landfall on July 30 near Japan.
Tropical Storm Greg is weakening due to wind shear in the Eastern Pacific Ocean, with convection confined to its northwestern quadrant. The storm is expected to move towards the northwest and then west, leading to a gradual decline in its strength.
Tropical Depression Roke made landfall in Hong Kong on July 23, weakening from a tropical storm earlier that day. After the landfall, NASA's Terra satellite captured visible light images of the depression, showing an elongated area of clouds and thunderstorms along the southeastern coast of China.
Tropical Storm Greg is intensifying with near 60mph winds and forecast to become a hurricane by Sunday. The storm absorbed moisture from the remnants of Tropical Depression 8E.
Tropical Storm Don formed rapidly off Barbados, with a tropical storm warning issued for Grenada and St. Vincent. NASA's AIRS instrument analyzed the storm using infrared light to identify strong thunderstorms and cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit.
Former Hurricane Eugene has diminished to a small area of convection in the northeastern quadrant. The storm's remnant circulation is expected to continue moving northwest and dissipate over the next couple of days.
Tropical Depression 6E formed near southwestern Mexico on July 11, strengthening into Tropical Storm Fernanda within six hours. The storm showed cloud top temperatures as cold as -63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating towering thunderstorms and heavy rainfall potential.
Researchers at Ohio State University have created ice crystals with near-perfect cubic arrangement of water molecules, a form of ice that may exist in high-altitude clouds. The ability to study cubic ice in the lab could improve computer models of climate change and enhance our understanding of water.
A new study published in Nature Communications has found that the hygroscopicity of inorganic components in sea spray is significantly lower than previously thought. This discovery could alter our understanding of how sea spray affects global climate patterns, as it influences cloud formation and solar radiation interaction.
Tropical Depression Nanmadol transitioned into an extra-tropical storm, losing tropical characteristics. The remnants were captured by NASA's Aqua satellite on July 5, showing a cold core system with clouds and thunderstorms pushed east of the center.
Researchers from Stockholm University found that the inorganic component of sea spray particles takes up less water, resulting in smaller particle size and reduced sunlight reflection. This discovery challenges existing climate models and highlights the importance of understanding sea spray's role in the atmosphere.
A recent study found that reduced summer cloud cover over Greenland has led to increased ice melt, with a one percent decrease in cloud cover resulting in 27 gigatons of extra melting. This contributes significantly to global sea level rise.
Heavy rain showers were observed in southwestern Mexico as Tropical Storm Dora passed along the coast. The Global Precipitation Measurement mission analyzed rainfall rates, finding intense storms with cloud tops reaching altitudes higher than 9.9 miles.
Research finds that sulphate aerosols from the 2014-15 Holuhraun eruption reduced cloud droplet size and caused cloud brightening, providing new insights into their impact on climate. The study suggests that cloud systems are 'well buffered' against aerosol changes.
Tropical Storm Cindy is expected to bring heavy rainfall and life-threatening flash flooding to the northern Gulf coast. Maximum sustained winds of 50 mph are forecasted, with storm surge, tropical storm force winds, and isolated tornadoes also possible.
Tropical Storm Bret weakened into a tropical wave in the Caribbean Sea on June 20, with its center near 12.0 degrees north latitude and 67.3 degrees west longitude. The remnants of the storm were moving west-northwest at 22mph, associated with isolated moderate precipitation.
Researchers have identified the driving force behind differences in sea spray particles' chemical make-up, enabling better understanding of ocean chemistry and physics' influence on cloud formation. The study's findings could improve climate models by providing a more accurate representation of clouds' impact on precipitation.
NASA's Aqua satellite captured a last look at Tropical Depression Beatriz as it weakened to a remnant low-pressure area and moved into the Gulf of Mexico. The imagery showed that cloud top temperatures were near 230 kelvin, indicating weakened thunderstorm activity.
After making landfall in Bangladesh, NASA's satellite data showed Cyclone Mora still packing a punch with heavy rain and high cloud tops. The storm's internal structure was revealed using radar data, indicating intense rainfall bands over southeastern Bangladesh.
Tropical Depression Two-E forms near southwestern Mexico, with maximum sustained winds of 30mph and higher gusts. The depression is expected to strengthen during the next 48 hours and become a tropical storm on June 1.
The Juno mission has revealed cyclones on Jupiter's poles with diameters up to 1,400 kilometers across. The spacecraft also detected a massive magnetic field that is substantially stronger than models predicted, potentially powering the planet's huge aurorae.
Tropical Cyclone Donna was being weakened by strong wind shear southeast of New Caledonia. Cloud top temperatures reached -70 degrees Fahrenheit due to strongest thunderstorms being pushed away from the center.
Tropical Cyclone Donna was a Category 2 hurricane that blanketed the islands of Vanuatu with strong storms and heavy rain potential. The storm's cloud top temperatures were as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating heavy rainfall.
Shallow cumulus clouds over Inner Mongolia Grassland were found to have a cloud base height of 3.4 km and top height of 5 km, significantly higher than those over the sea, yet similar to those in the Southern Great Plains.
A team of researchers led by Colorado State University is conducting a comprehensive study to better understand how wildfire smoke changes chemically with time, affecting air quality across the US. The study aims to improve predictions of air quality and weather patterns.
Tropical Storm Frances has formed in the Beagle Gulf, east of Darwin, with NASA's Aqua satellite capturing clear images of the storm. The storm is expected to intensify as it moves southwest through the Timor Sea and may develop into a Category 2 system early on Friday.
Tropical Storm Muifa is being closely monitored by NASA satellites, which have gathered temperature data showing very strong storms with cloud tops above 210 kelvin. The storm is expected to peak at 45 knots before turning northeast and weakening.
Research finds that large-scale irrigation in the Yellow River basin leads to a decrease in surface air temperature and an increase in latent heat flux, resulting in greater cloud formation. This has a significant impact on regional climate and precipitation patterns.
NASA's Terra satellite captured a visible image of Tropical Cyclone 02W's remnants in the South China Sea on April 17, revealing an elongated area of clouds. The remnant low pressure area weakened after passing over Eastern Visayas and the Philippines, with wind shear preventing re-intensification.
Tropical Cyclone Cook was pushed apart by strong vertical wind shear, according to NASA's Aqua satellite imagery. The storm's maximum sustained winds were near 45 knots as it transitioned into an extra-tropical cyclone.
Cyclone 14P is being blown apart by strong westerly wind shear, weakening its maximum sustained winds and pushing strongest storms east of the center. Infrared light imagery from NASA's Aqua satellite reveals cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 63 degrees Fahrenheit.
Tropical Cyclone 15S has the capability to produce heavy rainfall due to its extremely low cloud top temperatures, detected by NASA's Aqua satellite. The storm is forecasted to dissipate in three days, but will continue tracking south-southwestward around an elongated area of subtropical high pressure.
Tropical Cyclone 14P developed over the Southern Pacific Ocean, according to data from NASA's Aqua satellite. The storm showed strongest thunderstorms on one side of its circulation due to wind shear, and had cloud top temperatures as cold as -70 degrees Fahrenheit.
Tropical Cyclone Debbie made landfall in Queensland bringing heavy rainfall and hurricane-force winds. NASA's satellite imagery showed a large area of cloud top temperatures in thunderstorms around the storm's eye, indicating potential for heavy rainfall.
NASA's Aqua satellite captures last burst of strength from Tropical Cyclone Caleb before it weakens and dissipates. The storm had strong thunderstorms with cloud top temperatures as cold as -56.6 degrees Celsius.
Tropical Cyclone Debbie has formed and strengthened in the Southern Pacific Ocean, threatening eastern Queensland, Australia. Powerful thunderstorms have developed around the center of circulation, with cloud top temperatures as cold as minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating strong uplift and heavy rain potential.
Tropical Cyclone Caleb has formed east of Cocos Island, with NASA's Suomi NPP and Aqua satellites gathering data on the storm. The Joint Typhoon Warning Center predicts Caleb will strengthen briefly before turning west and dissipating in five days.
A powerful nor'easter is forecast to impact the US East coast with heavy snowfall totals from the Mid-Atlantic to New England. Forecasters predict 12-18 inches of snow, with localized amounts up to 2 feet, and strong winds that could cause power outages.
Tropical Depression Enawo strengthened off Madagascar before being weakened by wind shear, according to NASA's Terra satellite imagery.
Tropical Cyclone 11S has cloud top temperatures of -63 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating the potential for heavy rainfall. The cyclone is forecast to reach hurricane force on March 13 and pass close to Rodrigues Island.
Tropical Cyclone Enawo continues to move through central Madagascar, with NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites gathering imagery and data on the storm. Infrared data indicates very strong storms with cloud tops reaching 210 kelvin, suggesting heavy rainfall.
Tropical Cyclone 08P formed on Feb 22, strengthening to a tropical storm with winds near 40mph. The cyclone is moving southeast at 38mph, fueled by wind shear despite forming under adverse conditions.
Tropical Cyclone Bart has developed in the Southern Pacific Ocean, with NASA's Aqua satellite capturing an image of the storm on Feb. 21. The cyclone is elongated due to vertical wind shear and is moving east-southeast at a speed of 25.3 mph.
Tropical Cyclone Carlos weakened to a remnant low pressure area over the weekend of February 11 and 12. NASA's Terra satellite spotted a better circulation center on February 13 compared to previous images.
Tropical Cyclone Carlos appears more organized, with defined center of circulation, after wind shear relaxation. The storm is expected to strengthen due to warm sea surface temperatures and peak at 70 knots before weakening.
Tropical Cyclone Carlos formed north of La Reunion Island in February 2017, bringing heavy rain and towering storms to the area. NASA's GPM satellite collected data on the storm's structure and precipitation rate, showing intense feeder bands with rainfall rates over 100 mm per hour.
Ex-Tropical Cyclone 03S has transformed into a frontal system in the Southern Indian Ocean, showing an elongated shape and strong wind shear. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology has issued warnings for heavy rain and cold temperatures.
A new $525,000 grant aims to improve understanding of shallow cumulus clouds' behavior, which play a crucial role in atmospheric circulation and global climate. The research will focus on the mixing process called entrainment, aiming to enhance weather forecasts and climate model projections.
The NASA Terra satellite observed cloud tops west and north of the center of the low-pressure area reaching -70 degrees Fahrenheit, indicating strong storms. The low-level center of circulation appears to be consolidating, with multiple surface observations showing 15-20 knot winds.