Articles tagged with Glaciation
Researchers reconstructed bedrock geometry using gravity measurements, finding that glaciers of 'Würm' glaciation mainly widened valleys rather than deepening them. The study also revealed U-shaped cross-sections and asymmetric geometries in overdeepenings beneath Aare and Gürbe valleys.
A new study verifies that ancient glaciers caused the erosion of rocks up to 3 miles thick during the Snowball Earth period, resolving a long-standing debate. The research uses thermochronology to estimate temperature and thermal structure, finding a widespread signal of rapid cooling consistent with massive glacier erosion.
A research team has reconstructed the preglacial topography of North America's mid-continent, revealing how ice sheets reshaped the landscape and allowing researchers to understand rock erosion and deposition under ice. The findings also provide insights into water resources and availability in the region.
Researchers found that intense volcanic activity led to a surge in phosphorus levels, driving ocean oxygen levels down and triggering a severe mass extinction. The study suggests that natural weathering of volcanic material may have been responsible for the sudden cooling events.
Researchers found that before the weakening of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, ice sheets in the Northern Hemisphere began to stick to their bedrock more effectively, causing glaciers to grow thicker and disrupt global heat conveyor belts. This led to stronger ice ages and the observed climate pattern shift.
A new study revises past temperature estimates in Antarctica, revealing significant differences between West and East Antarctica due to varying altitudes. The research uses two independent methods to measure temperatures, providing reliable data for climate modeling and future projections.
Researchers propose novel sulfur cycle model incorporating volatile organosulfur compounds to explain global occurrence of superheavy pyrite. The Cryogenian interglacial interval saw sulfidic oceans with pervasive VOSC generation, leading to vertical isotopic gradients and superheavy pyrite precipitation.
A new study reveals that global glacier retreat has accelerated by 267 gigatonnes of ice per year on average between 2000 and 2019, contributing to rising sea levels. The loss of glacial mass is having a profound impact on mountain glaciers in the Himalayas and other regions.
Researchers found glacial deposits in the Bodui Zangbo River valley that date back to before MIS-6. The age of these deposits suggests a glacial advance occurred during MIS-12, likely due to surface uplift and decreased temperatures.
New research reveals the permanent rise of oxygen in our atmosphere happened 100 million years after initial estimates. The discovery suggests fluctuations in atmospheric oxygen levels played a key role in extreme climate changes and extinction events.
Researchers from the University of Innsbruck found that increased solid precipitation in the Alps between 26,500 and 23,500 years ago caused the ice volume to reach its maximum. This period, known as the Last Glacial Maximum, lasted around 3100 years and was characterized by a significant increase in autumn and winter precipitation.
A research team studied glaciers and landforms in the Ethiopian Highlands, finding that tropical mountains cooled less than expected. The team mapped moraine boulders and dated them to determine past glaciations, revealing that glaciers reached their maximum extent between 40,000 and 30,000 years ago.
Researchers have found that interglacials were more frequently skipped in the past than previously thought. The study used a new approach to analyze climate data, separating temperature and sea level change influences, and found repeated irregularities during the last 2.6 million years.
A new study reveals that abrupt climate warming events in Greenland during the last glacial period were synchronous with other rapid climate changes across the globe. The findings suggest that Arctic warming events triggered rapid climate change on a global scale.
A study by University of Melbourne researchers has confirmed that rapid warming events in the Arctic during the Last Glacial Period were synchronised with temperature increases across continental Europe and changes in rainfall regions. The findings, published in Science, provide important information for testing numerical models used t...
Researchers analyzed ancient Italian DNA, revealing a complex mosaic of ancestry components and genetic peculiarities shaped by environmental interactions. These adaptations contribute to reducing disease risk, favoring longer lifespan in some cases.
New Rutgers research confirms that modern sea-level rise is linked to human activities and not changes in Earth's orbit. Surprisingly, the Earth had nearly ice-free conditions with carbon dioxide levels similar to today.
A new record of deglaciations reveals the persistent influence of obliquity and insolation in pacing Earth's glacial-interglacial cycle. The study presents a high-resolution record of the last 11 deglaciations, showing that Earth's obliquity remained the main driver of glacial cycles throughout the Quaternary period.
Researchers analyzed high-resolution soot deposition to determine how dry glacial periods affected wildfire events. The results revealed clear glacial-interglacial cycles of wildfire, linked to drier glacial periods and higher dust loads in the atmosphere.
A 784,000-year climate simulation reveals that Southern Ocean sea ice significantly reduces atmospheric carbon dioxide during glacial periods. By limiting surface water exposure and vertical mixing of deep ocean waters, sea ice drives a 40 ppm reduction in atmospheric CO2 levels.
A study of 2.7 billion-year-old micrometeorites reveals that the early atmosphere likely contained between 25-50% CO2, leading to a cooler climate with evidence of glaciation. This finding suggests lower nitrogen levels in the ancient atmosphere, allowing for a modest greenhouse effect.
Research found that sulphur production by tiny marine algae decreased during glacial periods, challenging conventional wisdom. This decrease in sulphur emissions may be linked to changes in climate rather than just the amount of dust in the air, suggesting a closer relationship between phytoplankton and climate.
Researchers from Heidelberg University discovered a large igneous province that could have triggered the Gaskiers glaciation approximately 580 million years ago. The basaltic eruptions covered an area of over 1,000 kilometers and may have led to short-term global warming before causing long-term climate effects.
The discovery of ancient molecules, including bisnorgammacerane, reveals that predatory plankton played a crucial role in shaping the evolution of modern ecosystems. This finding suggests that massive predation helped 'clear' out bacteria-dominated oceans and create space for algae, paving the way for more complex lifeforms to evolve.
Bioavailable iron in glacial dust supports phytoplankton growth and enhances climate feedback by removing carbon dioxide. During glacial periods, 25-45% of iron is bioavailable, whereas interglacial periods have only 5-10%.
A recent study by Alfred Wegener Institute researchers found that the loss of Arctic permafrost through coastal erosion led to significant increases in carbon dioxide concentrations in the atmosphere during the last glacial period. This phenomenon is now being studied to understand its potential impact on future climate warming.
A new study suggests that ancient farming practices led to a rise in atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane, altering the climate. Without human influence, the planet would have likely experienced another ice age by the start of the Industrial Revolution.
A study on Greenland's tidewater outlet glaciers reveals that ocean warming and meltwater runoff contribute significantly to glacier retreat. The research found that these factors account for up to 76% of individual glacier retreat and 54% of variation across the glaciers.
New research pushes back the first glaciation and early human appearance in central Germany by 100,000 years. The study used luminescence dating to determine the age of river deposits containing Lower- and Middle Paleolithic stone artefacts.
AWI researchers found that temperature variability during glacial periods was not uniform worldwide, with intense variations in the Tropics but less so in other regions. The study used a unique global comparison of data from core samples to improve predictions for future climate change.
A new field guide from the Geological Society of America explores the geological history of the Pacific Northwest, focusing on the Seattle area. The guide reveals details about catastrophic flooding, tsunami deposits, and past glaciations that have shaped the region over millions of years.
Climate model simulations suggest that a significant decrease in atmospheric CO2 concentrations could have led to global glaciation. The study indicates that Earth's coal deposits formed during this period may have been the trigger for such an event.
A new study by researchers at the Alfred Wegener Institute and University of Cardiff reveals that gradually rising CO2 concentrations can trigger rapid warming and sudden climate changes. The study confirms past phenomena observed in Greenland ice cores, known as Dansgaard-Oeschger events.
Researchers discovered evidence of subglacial lakes on the Antarctic continental shelf, which accelerated glacial retreat and provided an archive of environmental conditions. The lake sediments contain components that are difficult to date, but scientists can still infer changes in climate.
Researchers analyzed atmospheric temperatures and dust for 720,000 years, finding frequent climate fluctuations during glacial periods. Climate simulations revealed global cooling and freshwater inflow as key factors causing instability.
Researchers propose that massive volcanic eruptions 717 million years ago led to a perfect storm of fire and ice, causing the largest glaciation event in Earth's history. The eruptions released sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere, blocking solar radiation and driving the formation of ice.
A recent study found that oxygen levels in the air began to rise around 2.4 billion years ago, coinciding with global glaciation and a single supercontinent called Kenorland. The research suggests that volcanic activity on this massive landmass may have contributed to the unstable climate leading to fluctuations in oxygen levels.
Scientists explore European bison bulls' demographic history, revealing footprints of selection on over 400 genes. These genes are associated with physiological functions underlying distinctive features between bison and bovine lineages, such as thermogenesis and wooly hair development.
A collaborative team of researchers has discovered that the North Atlantic Ocean played a pivotal role in the last great climate tipping point, leading to major expansions of carbon-rich southern-sourced deep waters into the northwestern Atlantic abyss. This finding provides new insights into the process driving these events, suggestin...
A new study published in Reviews of Geophysics strongly suggests that early agriculture helped slow a natural cooling process, leading to the warmer climate we experience today. The research, led by William Ruddiman, analyzed ice-core data and ancient pollen samples to find evidence of human impact on the climate.
Scientists have long struggled to explain the rapid deglaciation of the 'Snowball Earth' period, but new research now offers an explanation for the global formation of hundreds of metres thick deposits known as cap carbonates
Researchers found that arsenic concentrations in ancient oceans varied greatly over time, coinciding with the rise and fall of atmospheric oxygen and global glaciations. This suggests that ocean toxicity played a significant role in shaping the evolution of complex life on Earth.
A new study has identified a law for glacial erosion that captures variability in different climate zones. The results show that fast glaciers are more effective landscape gougers than slow-moving ones, explaining lower long-term erosion rates in Polar Regions.
Researchers reconstruct environmental conditions in the Southern Ocean over the past 30,000 years, showing that seasonal sea-ice zones had significant influences on ecosystems and carbon cycling. The study reveals that nutrient-rich waters allowed phytoplankton to store CO2, contributing to global cooling during ice ages.
The study found that nearly 3000 square kilometers of glaciers have been lost since the 1960s, with an average annual ice loss of 5.4 gigatons. By the 2050s, half of Tien Shan's glacier volume is estimated to be depleted due to climate change.
The study reveals that glaciers worldwide are melting at an unprecedented rate, losing half a meter to one meter of ice thickness every year. This is two to three times more than the average for the 20th century, with some glaciers in Norway having retreated by several kilometers from their maximum extents.
Researchers found minimal variation in weathering rates of silicate rocks between glacial and interglacial periods, contradicting expectations. The study used a geochemical technique to analyze beryllium isotopes in marine sediments, revealing stable runoff and weathering fluxes into the oceans.
Researchers discovered a link between iceberg discharges and increased tropical methane production, suggesting that cold water from the North Atlantic could have crippled the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation, leading to changes in precipitation patterns.
Scientists have discovered that ferromanganese crusts, up to 26 cm thick, record past climate changes in the Arctic. The crusts' slow growth rates and geochemical fingerprints of their source regions provide valuable information on ocean currents and climate conditions over millions of years.
Three tectonic processes, including uplift, reduced solar irradiation, and an axis shift, created conditions for Greenland's glaciation. The interaction of these processes, driven by the Iceland plume, led to the formation of ice on Greenland.
A recent study reveals that human activity is a significant contributor to glacier mass loss, with a notable increase in recent decades. The research suggests that only about one quarter of global glacier mass loss between 1851 and 2010 was due to anthropogenic causes, but this fraction rose to two-thirds during the last two decades.
Glacial chronologies during MIS 3 differ throughout the Tibetan Plateau, with advances on both slopes of the Nyainqentanglha being synchronous but not synchronized with Northern Hemisphere ice sheet. The study suggests a possible linkage between these events and North Atlantic cooling.
Researchers use years of data to understand how glaciers changed over time as climate has changed, providing insights into future glacier melting. The study's findings have significant implications for understanding global environmental change and planning protection efforts.
Recent AGU publications explore the surface dynamics of Titan's second-largest lake, Ligeia Mare. Researchers found that the lake's surface is flat, suggesting no waves or wind in the region. Additionally, new research on U-shaped glacial valleys suggests a tectonic stress feedback loop played a crucial role in their formation.
A study by the University of New South Wales reveals that global warming may lead to a decline in seasonal water storage capacity for Argentina and Chile. The North Patagonian Ice-field, vital to maintaining this capacity, is expected to shrink due to changes in westerly winds.
Researchers used geological proxies and computer models to understand how sea level affected rainfall patterns in the Indo-Pacific warm pool during the last ice age. The study found that lowered sea levels led to reduced convection over a region of the warm pool, resulting in drier climates in some areas and wetter climates in others.
A new study reveals that glacier melting is responsible for about one-third of the observed sea-level rise, with other factors like ice sheets and thermal expansion contributing equally. The research used satellite data from NASA's ICESat and GRACE missions to calculate glacier mass changes globally.
Researchers found evidence of a unique post-glacial world, revealing life's remarkable ability to restore balance after a global glaciation. The study estimates the Marinoan Oxygen-17 Depletion event lasted 0-1 million years, suggesting an ultra-high carbon dioxide atmosphere following the Snowball Earth glaciation.
A team of scientists has uncovered new evidence linking extreme climate change, oxygen rise, and early animal evolution. The research team found spikes in concentrations of trace metals and sulfur isotopes, which are tracers of early oxygen levels, in mudstone collected from the Doushantuo Formation in South China.
Scientists analyze carbon isotopic composition in ancient rocks to understand conditions prior to the Marinoan glaciation, finding no link between changes and global glacial events. The research suggests alteration by freshwater as sea level fell is responsible for observed geochemical patterns.