Articles tagged with Sea Floor
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Researchers from the GLOBE Institute found that massive fluctuations in ocean oxygen levels during the Cambrian explosion were influenced by animal behavior. The discovery suggests that animals may have controlled their own development through adjustments to oxygen levels, shedding light on Earth's 'heartbeat' and its impact on life.
The Cambrian explosion saw dramatic ocean oxygenation fluctuations driven by seafloor animal life. Seafloor samples revealed two significant anoxic periods linked to declining atmospheric oxygen concentrations.
Researchers link changing ice volumes to deep-sea methane release, revealing three episodes of methane emission over the past 160,000 years. The findings suggest that ice sheet movements activated faults, releasing methane from the seabed.
Scientists have discovered fresh water leaking from the seabed in the Norwegian Sea, similar to a large underwater aquifer found in the Atlantic Ocean along the US East Coast. The aquifer could be a potential resource for areas with no drinking water on land.
Scientists have found evidence that depleted seamounts near Hawaii are recovering after years of federally mandated protection. The team's research suggests that some species are starting to return to these areas, providing a glimmer of hope for the long-term recovery of vulnerable ecosystems.
Researchers at GEOMAR have directly measured tectonic strain build-up on the North Anatolian fault in the Marmara Sea, posing a significant threat to Istanbul's metropolitan region. The study suggests an earthquake with magnitudes between 7.1 and 7.4 could trigger catastrophic consequences similar to the 1999 Izmit earthquake.
A global evolutionary regime shift around 170 million years ago changed the success of organisms living in the ocean. Biological factors such as predator-prey relationships became increasingly important after the emergence of calcium carbonate-secreting plankton, stabilizing ocean chemistry and enabling diverse marine life.
Researchers have mapped a gigantic underwater freshwater aquifer off the US Northeast coast, spanning from Massachusetts to New Jersey, and extending far out into the continental shelf. The aquifer holds an estimated 670 cubic miles of fresh water, potentially providing a vital resource for arid areas worldwide.
A new study reveals that Archaea, particularly the ammonia-oxidizing Thaumarchaea, dominate oxygen-poor deep-sea sediments due to their efficient metabolic system. This discovery sheds light on the importance of these microorganisms in the geochemical carbon and nitrogen cycles.
Researchers have found a consistent pattern in GPS data that can detect signs of acceleration 10-15 seconds into an earthquake, potentially enhancing early warning systems. This discovery could strengthen the accuracy of seismic alerts, especially for magnitude 9 Cascadia subduction zone ruptures.
New research has confirmed that salts trapped in many diamonds come from ancient seabeds buried deep beneath the Earth's crust. Marine sediment reacts under extreme pressures and temperatures to produce a balance of salts found in diamond.
Researchers found that modern plankton communities are systematically different from pre-industrial times, reflecting global warming. The study suggests that species communities have shifted their distribution in response to temperature change.
A recent study published in Nature Geoscience reveals an ancient geologic structure beneath the Ross Ice Shelf that restricts ocean water flow, suggesting local currents will impact ice shelf retreat. The discovery highlights the need for models to consider changing conditions near the ice front.
Researchers investigated CO2 leakage through North Sea wells and found that it has detrimental effects on organisms living at the seabed. However, strong bottom currents disperse the dissolved CO2 quickly, limiting its impact.
A new study using AI-powered computer vision demonstrates improved accuracy in identifying marine animals and plants. The system achieved an average accuracy of 80% for general species identification, but up to 93% for specific species when trained with sufficient data.
A new physical mechanism erodes seabed sediment at depths up to 20 meters, adding nutrients stirred by breaking surface waves. This process complements littoral drift and has significant implications for coastal sediment management practices like dredging.
A new study reveals how little energy survives from surface ocean plants and animals, with diatoms providing a robust ecosystem at the seafloor. These heavy, dead diatoms form a food web that includes tubeworms, crabs, and other organisms living in a 'feast-or-famine' existence.
Seafloor mapping reveals active fault zones with potential to trigger tsunamis in the central Salish Sea, affecting islands and coastal areas of the US. Researchers warn of increased tsunami risk due to recent fault activity and unstable Cascadia Subduction Zone.
A long-term experiment in the Arctic deep sea reveals that sedentary animals colonize new habitats at a slow pace. The study found that it took up to 18 years for the first settlers to establish themselves, with only 13 species of multicellular invertebrates identified after four decades.
Researchers used advanced electromagnetic technology to create images of an ultraslow-spreading mid-ocean ridge, revealing new insights into the formation of black smokers and subsea metal deposits. The study provides groundbreaking information about the subsurface distribution of different rock types and melts, shedding light on funda...
Researchers have discovered over 1,700 bubble plumes emitting methane along Washington's coast, linked to faults generated by tectonic plate motion. These gas emissions provide clues about major offshore earthquakes and contribute to the region's productive fishing grounds.
A study reveals that plastics are the main component of marine litter in Spanish waters, with high densities in the Alboran Sea. The research also shows that waste accumulation has remained stable in some areas, while others have seen a decrease in density over time.
Researchers have discovered fossilized worm tunnels dating back to the Cambrian period, suggesting animal life was more widespread than previously thought. The finding reveals evidence of large populations of worms living in sedimentary rocks, which were once believed to be barren.
Researchers have discovered evidence of significant ocean oxygenation before the Great Oxidation Event (GOE), which occurred around 2.5 billion years ago. This finding challenges previous understanding of oxygen accumulation, suggesting it may have extended over large regions of the ocean and even reached the sea floor.
Researchers at Florida State University have found that abrupt variations in the seafloor can cause massive destruction from rogue or freak waves. The study, published in Physical Review Fluids, reveals that these extreme events follow a gamma distribution, a mathematics function that defies traditional bell curve patterns.
Scientists recommend measures to prevent environmental damage from seabed mining, including improved monitoring and protection of Marine Protected Areas. They suggest moving towards a circular economy that reduces demand for virgin minerals.
A new hydrothermal vent field, JaichMaat, has been discovered using submarine robotics. The vent field features multiple mounds with unique geological and geochemical characteristics, supporting diverse microbial and animal communities. Detailed maps allow for the quantification of these communities in relation to geologic features.
Researchers estimate anthropogenic CO2's impact on deep-sea sediments and calcite dissolution. Localized hot spots, particularly in the western North Atlantic, show significant human-induced changes in seafloor geological records.
The ocean floor is dissolving rapidly as a result of human activity, with calcite formation being neutralized by acidic CO2. Researchers predict that this process will intensify in the future, leading to long-lasting repercussions on marine ecosystems.
A new study using high-resolution data for 24 ocean regions found that 14 percent of the overall seafloor shallower than 1,000 meters is trawled, with significant variations across different continents and seas.
Researchers found that turbidity currents in Monterey Canyon involve large-scale movements of the seafloor, contrary to previous conceptual models. The dense layer of water-saturated sediment moves rapidly over the bottom, remobilizing the upper few meters of the preexisting seafloor.
A long-term study reveals that microbes can remove up to 90% of emitted methane, but only after decades. The unique community on the Håkon Mosby mud volcano plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change.
Researchers found that ripple defects resembling hourglasses, zigzags, and tuning forks are associated with periods of environmental flux. These defects can serve as fingerprints to understand how dramatic the shifts in weather conditions were at the time.
Researchers found a centuries-long delay in West Antarctic Ice Sheet contraction after the Ross Ice Shelf collapse, adding complexity to sea level rise computer simulations. This discovery was made by analyzing sediment cores and fossilized life forms from the seafloor.
A team of scientists from Newcastle University has discovered three new species of snailfish in the Atacama Trench, a record-breaking 8000-metre-deep location. The fish, which are part of the Liparidae family, are highly adapted to living in extreme pressure and cold conditions.
A recent expedition demonstrated how AI can dramatically accelerate exploration of deep sea ecosystems using autonomous robots and high-throughput data analysis. Scientists used unsupervised clustering to analyze seafloor images and identify biological hotspots, which were then surveyed and sampled within days.
The Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) will provide seafloor seismographs and technical support under a new cooperative agreement, starting August 1, 2018. The OBSIC replaces an earlier instrument pool, providing unique insights into seismic activity and ocean basins.
A new study identifies a disease affecting the starfish Odontaster validus, one of the most common species on the Antarctic sea floor. The disease has afflicted up to 10% of the population, causing tissue damage and altering the natural balance in marine ecosystems.
Researchers develop comprehensive set of criteria to identify areas of environmental importance where no mining should occur. The guidelines, which include 18 quantitative metrics, aim to protect a wide range of habitats and species that might be harmed by mining activities.
Researchers reconstructed the 1929 Grand Banks underwater avalanche to better understand its properties and implications for seafloor infrastructure. The study found that giant avalanches like this one pose a major geohazard to telecommunication cables and oil pipelines, with potentially catastrophic consequences.
Researchers found that early animals caused a decrease in oxygen levels and increase in carbon dioxide, leading to global warming. This process had a massive impact on the environment, contributing to mass extinctions during animal evolution's first 100 million years.
A landmark study published in Nature Geoscience reveals the Great Barrier Reef has suffered five death events over 30,000 years due to variations in sea level and associated environmental changes. The reef adapted by migrating up and down the seafloor, demonstrating remarkable resilience.
Researchers recorded methane bubbles from seafloor off Oregon coast using hydrophone, estimating bubble size and frequency related to methane content. The study aims to use sound to estimate volume and rate of methane gas exiting seafloor fields.
Researchers mapped the Pine Island Glacier's seafloor and found submarine mountains holding back the ice. The glacier's tongue lost contact with the ground, leading to its abrupt retreat.
Researchers have developed a new approach to detect quakes by measuring optical phase changes in oceanic fiber optic cables triggered by seismic waves. This method can effectively detect quake activity and parameters, even in regions where seismic monitoring has been limited.
Researchers confirm connection between plate tectonics, mantle flow and magnetic field reversals, suggesting a 120-130 million year delay. This finding provides new insights into the interaction between Earth's crust, mantle and core.
Researchers from OSU and NOAA have mapped over 1,000 underwater methane seep sites off the Oregon coast, finding that much of the methane is solidified as hydrates beneath 500 meters. The discovery raises concerns about environmental impact and potential energy sources.
Scientists have discovered that up to 25% of new ocean floor is formed by mantle material without magmatic processes, challenging current understanding. This phenomenon occurs at paces of less than two centimeters per year, particularly in regions like the Cayman Trough.
Seismologists reexamine the risk of megathrust earthquakes in the Caribbean, considering tsunami scenarios for a magnitude 9.0 earthquake and its potential impact on emergency management planning.
A new review paper highlights the global scope of the underwater munitions problem, with over a million tons of intact and corroding munitions littering the Baltic and North Seas. The chemicals released from these munitions pose significant risks to marine ecosystems, including carcinogenic and cyto- and genotoxic effects.
Researchers Matthew Alford and Thomas Peacock call for collaborative scientific research to inform the future of seabed mining. The study highlights the importance of sediment plumes in assessing marine life impacts and recommends limited-scale operations with academic researchers.
A new study reveals the Mississippi River Delta is experiencing seafloor erosion at an alarming rate, threatening marine ecosystems and infrastructure. The research, published in Marine Geology, found that sediment deposition has stopped, leading to land loss and degradation of wetlands and seafloors.
A new study from the University of Washington found that early Earth's temperature was moderate, not extremely hot or cold, allowing for a stable climate that enabled life to emerge. This discovery is significant for the search for life on other planets, as it suggests that habitable zones may retain stable climates.
The SUGAR project has expanded knowledge of gas hydrates in the seafloor and developed technologies for environmental monitoring. Companies from Germany have successfully tested methane extraction from submarine hydrate deposits, with interest from Asian countries like Japan and China.
An international team of geoscientists has discovered an extensive buried mass of material on the seafloor, thought to have been eroded by the Zanclean flood. The mass covers an area equivalent to the island of Crete and is up to 900m thick in places.
Researchers identified a bending fault line in the Pacific Ocean as the likely cause of the 7.1 magnitude Puebla earthquake, which caused significant damage in Mexico City. The study suggests that earthquakes like this one may be more common than previously thought in a region southeast of Mexico City.
A mission is underway to lower sub-seafloor observatories into the Hikurangi subduction zone off New Zealand. This expedition aims to understand why destructive tsunamis occur after shallow earthquakes and underwater landslides, shedding light on New Zealand's largest earthquake and tsunami hazard.
Researchers from GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel identified a stratification of the seafloor as responsible for at least one landslide in the region. The discovery was made by combining drilling and seismic data, which revealed a layer of clay overlying ooze composed of fossil planktonic organisms.
A team of researchers found that rapid changes in sedimentation, not warming ocean waters, played a key role in destabilizing gas hydrates. The study used computer models and data from the Nyegga area to simulate the evolution of the seabed and response of gas hydrates during this period.
University of Oregon geologists discovered unusual seafloor structures indicating heightened worldwide magmatic activity 66 million years ago after the Chicxulub meteor struck. The research suggests seismic waves from the impact triggered accelerated volcanism globally, contributing to a mass extinction event.