Articles tagged with Alloys
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A team of researchers has discovered a noble metal-free catalyst system that is as active as platinum, thanks to the high entropy effect. The alloy, made up of five elements, forms new active centers that offer entirely new properties and are relevant for catalysis.
Researchers from Brown University have developed a new alloy catalyst that reduces platinum use and maintains its activity after 30,000 voltage cycles. The catalyst's layered structure enhances reactivity while protecting cobalt atoms from degradation, outperforming traditional platinum alloy catalysts in fuel cell testing.
A new catalyst has been developed to improve Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) performance by forming a self-assembled alloy at the surface. The catalyst was tested using methane gas directly, operating stably for over 500 hours with four times higher reaction efficiency than previous catalysts.
Scientists create six-step cycle that uses magnetic materials to cool down, reducing greenhouse impact of traditional refrigerants. The technology could be more efficient than vapor compression and has potential for widespread use.
The Centauro robot has been designed to assist rescue workers in disaster scenarios, with capabilities including robust locomotion, high strength manipulation, and harsh interactions. Its mobility skills have been validated through various tasks, such as manipulating heavy objects and breaking wood pieces.
Researchers at NIST have developed a new material for making nickels that is 40% less expensive to produce, reducing the cost of materials from seven cents to five cents per coin. The new design uses an integrated computational materials engineering framework and advanced alloys to achieve this cost reduction.
Empa researcher Sebastian Siol develops new phase of manganese selenide and telluride alloy, displaying useful piezoelectric properties. The material combination is promising for various applications such as smart windows, gas sensors and semiconductor coatings.
Russian scientists developed smart materials to create high-strength and plastic alloys, enabling efficient use in microelectronics and aviation. The project's goal is to achieve homogeneity of the microstructure and nano-dispersity, resulting in a combination of high strength and plasticity.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University have created new superconductors made of layers of bismuth sulfide and a high entropy rare earth alloy oxyfluoride. The new material retains superconducting properties over a wider range of lattice parameters than materials without high-entropy-alloy states.
Researchers simulated conditions inside a planet three times larger than Earth using high-powered laser beams. The study revealed that the crystal structure of iron-silicon alloys changes with higher silicon content under extreme pressures, providing new insights into the nature of super-Earths and their cores.
Researchers Arvind Kalidindi and Christopher A. Schuh developed a Monte Carlo-based simulation to determine the minimum free energy state of nanocrystalline alloys. They produced equilibrium phase diagrams for these alloys, shedding light on grain size changes with temperature.
Scientists at the University of Maryland have created nanoparticles composed of up to eight distinct elements, greatly expanding the landscape of nanomaterials. This breakthrough enables a wide range of applications in catalysis, energy storage, and bio/plasmonic imaging.
Researchers have successfully created amorphous metal alloys using additive manufacturing, overcoming the critical casting thickness limitation. The technique enables production of metallic glasses on larger scales, with potential applications in high-performance materials for electric motors, wear resistance, and structural integrity.
Researchers at Oregon State University have developed a 3D printable alloy that enables the rapid manufacture of flexible computer screens, bendable displays, and soft robots. The new alloy, created by adding nickel nanoparticles to galinstan, can be layered into tall structures with good conductivity and self-healing properties.
The discovery of a shape-memory mechanism in synthetic organic materials could lead to advancements in low-power electronics and medical devices. The researchers found that the transformation process is driven by concerted movement of molecules, enabling reversible and ultrafast shape changes.
KAUST researchers have created boron-nitride-based alloys with tunable polarization, a crucial property for computer memory. By varying the atomic composition, they can control the spontaneous polarization and piezoelectric constants of these materials.
Researchers at Nagoya University have successfully produced planar stanene, a two-dimensional material that exhibits unique electronic properties. The discovery has significant implications for the development of high-performance electronics and computing.
Researchers at UCL and Tufts University developed a platinum-copper alloy catalyst that breaks carbon-hydrogen bonds in methane with reduced energy consumption. The new catalyst is resistant to coking, rendering it more effective than traditional materials.
Researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum have developed a novel process for analyzing the temperature and oxidation resistance of complex alloys, reducing test time from months to days. The method, which combines multiple techniques, allows for rapid testing of high-performance materials.
Researchers at Oak Ridge National Laboratory have developed a precision de-icing technology that uses high-resolution modeling to identify areas most vulnerable to drivers during hazardous weather conditions. The team also discovered a function of certain microbes that produces a new derivative of vitamin B12, which could enhance the e...
The Christian Doppler lab at TU Graz aims to understand thermomechanical processes in high-performance alloys. Researchers will use various methods to characterise and model physical phenomena, with a focus on non-ferrous alloys such as titanium and aluminium.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh are developing advanced strategies to reduce the adverse effects of extremely high-temperatures on gas turbines. They are exploring applications for an anti-oxidation coating that can help cool airfoils and other hot-section components, enabling higher temperature operation for better efficie...
Scientists at Tomsk Polytechnic University are creating hydrogen-resistant products from titanium alloys using additive manufacturing. They plan to print aircraft parts out of BT6 and BT9 titanium alloys, aiming to improve properties such as wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
Researchers found that adding nanoparticles to liquid crystals improves their mechanical performance by increasing their lubricating properties. The study used a formula to approximate mobility of dislocations and performed numerical simulations to understand how Cottrell clouds erode when dislocations move at high speed.
At randomly selected high-angle general grain boundaries in a nickel-bismuth polycrystalline alloy, researchers found that interfacial reconstruction can form ordered superstructures. These segregation-induced superstructures enrich theories and fundamental understandings of grain boundary segregation and liquid metal embrittlement.
Researchers at FAU have discovered a new material concept that enables more efficient and cost-effective catalysts. Gallium-based alloy complexes show significant performance over standard technical catalysts, with minimal deactivation even when carbon deposits form.
Researchers developed a framework for designing tailored microstructure patterns in materials using a combination of theory and experiment. They successfully simulated the solidification process of an aluminum-silver-copper alloy, comparing their results with experimental photographs.
The study found that reducing oxygen in certain alloys can improve grain size stability, leading to stronger and more durable materials. Researchers developed nearly oxygen-free alloy powders with significant improvements in thermal stability.
Researchers at University of Michigan develop cost-effective material to capture near-infrared light in solar cells, making concentrator photovoltaics more efficient and practical for large-scale electricity generation. The new alloy is significantly less expensive than previous formulations and enables easier manufacturing.
Researchers developed a new technology using nanopowders to modify aluminum alloys, improving operational properties and reducing energy costs. The innovative method has the potential to transform the metallurgy industry, with key customers including major producers of primary aluminum.
Researchers develop technology to produce special nanopowders used as modifying additives in aluminum alloy production. The new method improves operational properties and reduces energy costs, targeting metallurgy and machinery industries.
Researchers at the University of Illinois created an exact model for diffusion in magnesium alloys, allowing for accurate predictions of impurity atoms' movement. This breakthrough could lead to the development of new lightweight structural metals for automotive and aerospace applications.
Researchers at NIFS have successfully fabricated a small-scale divertor mock-up using a new direct tough bonding technique between tungsten and copper alloys. The bonding layer exhibits ductile properties, reducing thermal stress and improving reliability.
Researchers found that even slight deviations from the ideal crystal structure significantly alter the display of the magnetocaloric effect. The study revealed previously unknown features of phase transition and deepened understanding of the causes of the giant MCE.
A new study from Duke University predicts which binary alloys will form metallic glasses, paving the way for strong and conductive materials. The technique involves analyzing structures and energies within solidified alloys to identify potential metallic glasses.
Researchers at Tohoku University discovered a new shape memory alloy with superelastic effect, raising potential for various industries. The alloy exhibits shape recovery upon heating, making it suitable for self-deployable space habitat frames and damping devices.
The researchers will examine rapid solidification processes in aluminum alloys associated with laser or electron beam processing technologies. They hope to discover the mechanisms of how alloy microstructures evolve during solidification after laser melting, validating computer models and optimizing manufacturing processes.
Australian researchers use 3-D printing to create a resonant microwave cavity via an aluminum-silicon alloy that boasts superconductivity when cooled below the critical temperature of aluminum. The study explores the superconducting properties of 3-D printed parts and demonstrates the potential for rapid prototyping in various fields.
A team of MIT researchers has discovered a method to greatly reduce the damaging effects of hydrogen on metal alloys, which are widely used in nuclear reactors and other energy systems. By carefully engineering a layer of zirconium oxide on the surface of the alloy, they can inhibit hydrogen from entering the metal's crystal structure.
Cornell University engineers have developed a hybrid material combining stiff metal and soft rubber foam for dynamic shape changes, self-healing and improved load-bearing capabilities. The material features a unique ability to melt and reform, mimicking the flexibility of an octopus.
Scientists at Ames Laboratory will contribute to LightMAT through three core capabilities: powder processing, pilot-scale materials processing, and theoretical alloy development. These efforts aim to develop lighter materials for industries such as transportation, with the goal of improving energy savings and reducing costs.
A new catalyst, made from palladium and tin, can efficiently produce hydrogen peroxide on demand, making it accessible to underdeveloped regions. This process overcomes the challenge of decomposing the product into water quickly after production.
Researchers at UEF have developed a new synthesis method for Li-ion batteries, which uses readily available materials, is safe to dispose of, and has significantly longer cycle lifetimes. The new method solves the low electric conductivity problem, promising applications in fast-charging electric buses and high-power hybrid vehicles.
Researchers at Carnegie Institution explore the rules behind metallic glasses, materials that are stronger and more resistant than traditional metals. By studying alloys under extreme pressures, they found a consistent numeric relationship between structure and properties, which could aid further discovery and synthesis.
A Berkeley Lab-led team has identified mechanisms that make the new CrMnFeCoNi alloy incredibly tough and strong at room temperature. The alloy's unique nanoscale mechanisms, including crack bridging and three-dimensional stacking fault defects, work together to resist damage.
Researchers at Toyohashi Tech and Duke University developed a new method to produce oxidation-resistant copper alloy nanoparticles, which can be used as the main component of affordable conductive inks. The production process is economical and environmentally friendly, making it suitable for the advancement of printed electronics.
Researchers from HZDR and TU Dresden have developed a method to fabricate nanomagnets in an iron-aluminum alloy layer without masks. The use of highly focused ion beams enables the generation of complex magnetic geometries suitable for spintronic device applications.
A promising new iron-based alloy has been discovered that can be used in next-generation cooling technologies, offering a more efficient and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional cooling methods. The alloy's use of magnetic fields to change refrigerant temperature holds potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
Researchers at Tufts University have discovered a new generation of platinum-copper catalysts that can selectively hydrogenate butadiene, a chemical produced in large quantities. The catalysts require low concentrations of platinum and are more cost-effective than traditional palladium-based catalysts.
New study predicts metal combinations for glass-forming ability, enabling mass production of strong and flexible alloys. The development paves the way for applications in electronics, space exploration, and energy storage.
A new type of flexible electronics can monitor health, stresses on aircraft wings, and vital signs through wearables. Researchers are developing hybrid systems for military and civilian use, including biosensor patches that can transmit biometric signals in real-time.
Researchers at Brunel University have developed a cost-saving ultrasound degassing method for aluminum melt, achieving efficiency rates of up to 75% in batch operation. The method uses a plate sonotrode and has the potential to unlock greater efficiencies, pending industrial-scale engineering challenges.
Researchers have developed a new metal matrix composite that is so light it can float on water, with potential applications in boat flooring, automobile parts, and buoyancy modules. The composite's high density and strength make it suitable for withstanding rigorous marine conditions.
High entropy alloys consist of four or more metals in equal amounts, exhibiting remarkable properties such as hardness and tensile strength at low temperatures. Researchers found that chromium and its spin play key roles in ordering the alloy's composition.
Researchers have created a novel and highly efficient thermoelectric alloy, nearly doubling industry standard efficiency. The new material achieves significant temperature changes, enabling potential applications in electrical vehicles and personal electronic devices.
A team at Trinity College in Dublin has discovered a new class of magnetic materials based on Mn-Ga alloys, which could revolutionize data storage and increase wireless data transmission speeds. The material has unique properties that make it immune to external magnetic fields and free from demagnetizing forces.
Researchers at the University of Pittsburgh have made a groundbreaking discovery in the study of nanomaterials, revealing that tiny tungsten crystals can exhibit deformation twinning, which affects their strength and function. This phenomenon has significant implications for the development of nanostructured metals and alloys.
A new study published in PNAS reveals that atomic steps on metal surfaces can slow down oxidation by forcing them to bunch closer together and eventually stopping their growth. This discovery could have significant implications for understanding and controlling oxidation in a wide range of materials.
A team of researchers has developed a novel catalyst for oxygen reduction in hydrogen fuel cells, which is more efficient and cost-effective than traditional platinum-based catalysts. The catalyst was synthesized using an ordinary kitchen microwave oven, paving the way for sustainable energy production.
Researchers develop a new liquid-phase 3D printing technique that allows for the rapid manufacturing of conductive metal objects with a low melting point alloy ink. The process prevents oxidation and offers advantages over conventional methods, including high speed and flexibility in controlling temperature and flow fields.