Articles tagged with Chemical Structure
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A new FAU study uncovers the impact of acidic water on shell-building marine organisms, highlighting the need for strategies to mitigate coastal acidification. The research found that nutrient pollution, freshwater input, and other environmental factors contribute to reduced aragonite saturation.
Mannitol outperforms other green additives in slowing re-polymerisation of cellulose-lignin linkages, cutting molecular weight and raising hydrogenolysis monomer yield. The additive forms an average of 28 hydrogen bonds per simulation box, effectively capping sites where carbocations normally form.
The Organometallic Chemistry and Homogeneous Catalysis group develops multisensitive catalysts with switchable properties using naphthalene diimides and N-heterocyclic carbenes. This simplifies catalyst optimisation, enabling a single catalyst to facilitate various chemical transformations.
A study by University at Buffalo researchers reveals that some elements' semicore electrons can participate in bonding under just a few gigapascals of pressure, far lower than previously thought. This finding challenges traditional notions of core electron behavior and may have implications for our understanding of planetary evolution.
Researchers analyzed 5 years of Yellow Card data on 13 drugs containing fluorine and found no significant correlation between fluorine content and adverse drug reactions. The study suggests that the way a drug acts is more likely to result in an adverse reaction, rather than the presence of fluorine.
University of Toronto researchers have developed a new material that repels both water and grease as well as standard non-stick coatings, but contains much lower amounts of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The material uses nanoscale fletching technology to achieve its performance, making it a safer alternative for consumer ...
Researchers have discovered a new shape for energy storage using cone and disc carbon structures, which can store large ions like sodium and potassium efficiently. The discovery could lead to more affordable and sustainable battery technologies, reducing reliance on lithium.
Researchers developed a new model called React-OT that can predict the transition state of chemical reactions in under a second with high accuracy. The model uses linear interpolation to generate better initial guesses, reducing the number of steps and computation time needed.
Researchers at MIT have developed a new method to fabricate stretchable ceramics, glass, and metals using a double-network design. This material can stretch over four times its size without breaking, making it suitable for tear-resistant textiles and flexible semiconductors.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a colloidal crystal model to control specific polymorph formation, advancing understanding of polymorph control for material fabrication and drug development. The study found that particle additives can effectively control polymorph formation and probability by size and cluster stability.
Researchers have developed a building material that uses fungal mycelium and bacteria cells, which can self-repair for at least a month. This innovation has the potential to replace conventional building materials with high carbon footprints like cement, reducing emissions and promoting sustainability.
A research team has identified a key protein suspected to be involved in benzodiazepine-related inflammation, which could inform strategies to improve benzodiazepine drug design and treat inflammation-related conditions. The findings may lead to new treatments for diseases such as Alzheimer's, arthritis, and multiple sclerosis.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have designed a new drug framework that selectively targets the CYP3A4 enzyme, reducing off-target effects. The discovery provides a roadmap for future drug developers to better evaluate drug interactions and selectively target CYP proteins.
The review focuses on the applications of structural colors in various fields, including anti-counterfeiting, display technology, sensors, and printing. It discusses the physical mechanisms behind the emergence of structural colors and their design principles in micro/nano photonics.
A new method captures totipotency using a short-term high-dose treatment of Pladienolide B, reprogramming classical mouse embryonic stem cells into transient totipotent blastomere-like stem cells. These cells exhibit remarkable developmental potential and self-organize into blastoid structures mimicking early embryonic development.
Researchers at the University of Bristol and international partners discover a non-toxic form of fluorine that replicates its unique properties, making it suitable as a water-repellent substitute for PFAS. The breakthrough has significant implications for industries using PFAS in various products.
Researchers develop a novel 'zeolite blending' method to synthesize CON-type zeolites with unprecedentedly high aluminum content. This approach enables precise control over Al content, opening possibilities for catalyst development in various industrial applications.
Researchers developed a biomimetic adsorbent inspired by the natural porous structure of the Chinese sweet gum tree's fruit. The hierarchical nano-trap framework significantly enhanced ion diffusion and increased uranium adsorption capacity, outperforming competitive ions in real seawater tests.
Researchers directly observed DNA formation into rod-shaped chromosomes during cell division, revealing the role of condensin complexes and their looping process in compaction. This discovery provides insights into the molecular mechanism of chromosome segregation.
Researchers have developed nanomats that can absorb light energy to break down harmful pollutants in air and water. These lightweight blankets can be reused multiple times and are environmentally friendly, offering a promising solution for clean drinking water production.
Researchers developed an electrochemical process to sequester carbon dioxide, transforming it into durable and fire-resistant materials. The resulting mineral-polymer composites demonstrate exceptional mechanical strength and fracture toughness, offering a promising solution for carbon-negative construction.
Scientists at POSTECH and University of Montpellier successfully synthesized wafer-scale hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) with an AA-stacking configuration using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). This achievement introduces a novel route for precise stacking control in van der Waals materials.
A new bacterial protein, BeeR, has been identified and its structure is being used to develop protein nanoparticles for targeted cancer drug delivery. The protein forms a hollow tube with a cavity capable of containing drug molecules.
Researchers discovered that tetrahedral Co²⁺ is preferentially incorporated into the lattice in early stages of Co(OH)₂ formation. The retention of tetrahedral Co²⁺ is linked to effective OH⁻ concentration, paving the way for optimized synthesis methods and enhanced material properties.
Researchers developed a novel small-pore AlPO MS, DNL-17, using cutting-edge 3D electron diffraction technology. The new material features unique cages and a distinct stacking sequence, showing promise for selective adsorption in the separation of n-butane and isobutane.
The latest release of Wiley's AntiBase Library adds 9,500 compounds, increasing the total number of compounds in the database to over 105,000. This expanded database provides a powerful screening tool for discovering novel compounds with antimicrobial, antitumor, or other desired effects.
A new paper proposes that temperature plays a fundamental role in setting off shapeshifting in metamorphic proteins. Researchers analyzed differences in hydrophobic contacts and found significant temperature-dependent changes, supporting their theory.
Researchers developed a novel core-shell structured composite to enhance polypropylene's performance at low temperatures. The addition of HDPE improved impact strength and adjusted brittle-ductile transition temperature, while maintaining tensile strength.
Researchers at UC San Diego create computational approach to model chiral helimagnets using quantum mechanics calculations. They successfully predicted key parameters, including helix wavevector, period, and critical magnetic field, opening opportunities for designing better materials.
Researchers at SwRI and U-M have created a new methane flare burner using additive manufacturing and machine learning that eliminates 98% of methane vented during oil production. The burner's design, with a complex nozzle base and impeller, allows for efficient combustion even in challenging crosswind conditions.
Researchers found that functionalizing graphene sheets via plasma treatment can lead to enhanced sensitivity for specific gases, such as ammonia. The study discovered different types of defects created on the graphene sheets depending on the gas used during plasma treatment.
Researchers at HZDR and TU Dresden developed a method to produce well-defined nanoparticles with controlled composition and structure, enabling the creation of complex materials with integrated functions. The team's innovative approach combined cation exchange with advanced synthetic, experimental, and theoretical methods.
Researchers developed two silver-based bimetallic clusters that increase Faradaic efficiency and yield of urea through charge polarization modulation. Ag14Pd outperforms Ag13Au5 in NO3RR, while Ag13Au5 excels in CO2RR with higher urea formation rates.
A novel carbon-neutral grout, CSRGF, has been developed by recycling waste fluids from geothermal energy harvesting plants, addressing environmental challenges in traditional grouting methods. The new material shows remarkable performance, with a 50% increase in liquefaction resistance and superior water-sealing properties.
Researchers synthesized Fe1+xSe2 nanoflakes with controlled intercalation ratios, discovering a new class of materials with room-temperature magnetism and unique half-metallic behavior. Interkalation regulates magnetic and electrical properties, including Curie temperatures and spin gap.
A novel mixed-ligand strategy creates ultrahigh surface area, chemically stable chiral MOFs ideal for practical applications in asymmetric catalysis. The frameworks demonstrate record-breaking surface areas and exceptional structural features, making them suitable as heterogeneous catalysts.
A study by University of Gothenburg researchers found that consuming sulforaphane from broccoli sprouts improved blood sugar levels in people with prediabetes. The compound had a significant effect on fasting blood sugar levels, particularly in those with certain pathophysiological and microbiome characteristics.
Researchers are exploring the effects of herring roe omega-3 on exercise metabolism and recovery in active females. The study aims to investigate its benefits for supporting a healthy lifestyle across all ages, including muscle function, metabolism, and cognitive health.
Hydrogen and carbon monoxide adsorb onto platinum atoms in nanoscale voids, with hydrogen diffusing faster due to smaller size. The team's findings highlight the importance of engineering voids for next-generation sensors and gas separation.
Marshall University researcher Brandon Henderson has secured a $1.85 million NIH grant to study the impact of synthetic coolants in vaping products on nicotine addiction. The five-year research project will explore how synthetic coolants influence addiction-related behaviors, particularly among adolescents.
Researchers at King's College London have developed a complex model of molecular 'wear-and-tear' that sheds light on how proteins age. The study found that chromatin, the DNA-protein mix, is more resilient to aging than previously thought, suggesting new avenues for anti-aging treatments.
Weizmann researchers create new method to analyze dendrites in lithium-ion batteries, finding optimal composition for safe energy storage. The study reveals 'golden ratio' for electrolyte balance, extending battery life and reducing fire hazard.
Researchers use generative AI to predict chromatin structures in single cells, overcoming limitations of existing experimental methods. The technique can generate thousands of structure predictions in minutes, enabling faster study of how 3D genome organization affects gene expression.
A team of scientists discovered polar bear sebum's anti-icing properties, making it harder for ice to stick. The study sheds light on polar bear ecology and may lead to sustainable anti-ice surface coatings.
Researchers investigated the chemical composition and structural characteristics of hemicellulose and lignin-carbohydrate complexes extracted from bamboo tissues. The study showed significant differences in extraction yield, thermal stability, and phenyl glycoside bonds among various tissues.
Researchers introduce a trimetallic catalyst supported on defective ceria, achieving extraordinary efficiency in CO2 reduction. The unique metal-support interaction fine-tunes the electronic structure, enabling optimal performance and setting new benchmarks in catalysis.
Researchers developed AshPhos, a ligand that facilitates the formation of carbon-nitrogen bonds using inexpensive materials. The tool has potential applications in pharmaceuticals, nanomaterials, and degrading PFAS pollutants.
A novel method called electrochemical-SAXS (EC-SAXS) reveals the structural changes in redox enzymes when they switch between reduced and oxidized states. The study improves our understanding of enzyme mechanisms, paving the way for enhanced bioelectrochemical device performance.
Researchers from Tokyo Metropolitan University developed a new dye that strongly absorbs second near-IR radiation, transforming it to heat. This breakthrough enables clearer imaging and better delivery of heat for therapies in deep tissue medicine.
Researchers have designed an innovative iron-based catalyst that can produce ammonia at a rate three times higher than the current industry standard. The new catalyst, made from earth-abundant materials, enables efficient industrial production of ammonia, a crucial chemical for fertilizers and sustainable agriculture.
Researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University have synthesized a biodegradable nylon precursor through artificial photosynthesis, producing an eco-friendly alternative plastic. The breakthrough utilizes L-alanine and ammonia to create raw materials for a nylon-type biodegradable plastic.
Researchers are exploring halide perovskites, a material that converts sunlight into energy efficiently. The team created distinct properties using ultra-cool methods, enabling mass production of solar cells.
Scientists have created a stable 2D material, InSbMoO6 (ISM), using lone pair electrons as chemical scissors. ISM exhibits strong nonlinear optical responses and good air stability, making it promising for integrated photonics applications.
The study utilizes infrared spectroscopy and a machine-learned protocol to map spectroscopic fingerprints to atomistic structures. The authors demonstrate the accuracy of their network in predicting local atomistic structures and energetic variations, enabling the tracking of dynamic C–C coupling on Cu surfaces.
Researchers developed a bioinspired MOF membrane with a scale-like structure to separate propylene from propane. The membrane achieved excellent separation performance, exceeding 220, and retained its stability for over 1,000 hours.
Researchers at Max Planck Institute for Sustainable Materials have developed a novel method to create lightweight, nanostructured porous martensitic alloys by harnessing dealloying and alloying processes. The approach enables CO2-free and energy-saving production of high-strength materials.
Researchers at National University of Singapore developed novel graphene nanoribbon (JGNR) with unique zigzag edge, enabling one-dimensional ferromagnetic spin chain. This design could enable next-generation multi-qubit systems for quantum computing and advance carbon-based spintronics.
Researchers at Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology developed foldable molecular paths using zeolitic imidazolate frameworks, which can adjust size, shape, and alignment in response to temperature, pressure, and gas interactions. This technology has potential applications in creating filters that adapt to capture harmful ...
A new study by Professor Nurit Argov-Argaman at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem found that small milk fat globules promote beneficial bacteria like Bacillus subtilis, while larger ones trigger biofilm formation. The research highlights milk's natural protective mechanisms and potential to support gut health.
A POSTECH research team developed a groundbreaking strategy to enhance LLO material durability, extending battery lifespan by up to 84.3% after 700 cycles. The breakthrough addresses capacity fading and voltage decay issues.