Articles tagged with Conductivity
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers develop a method to tune thermal conductivity in thin films using femtosecond lasers, achieving unprecedented throughput and nanoscale resolution. The technique enables laboratory-scale precision and industrial-scale production of phononic nanostructures.
Scientists at Northwestern Polytechnical University create FG/PNF composite papers with exceptional wave-transparent performance, thermal conductivity, and mechanical strength. The down-top strategy offers a scalable solution for next-generation electromagnetic and thermal management applications.
University of Houston researchers have discovered a material with thermal conductivity exceeding 2,100 watts per meter per Kelvin at room temperature. This breakthrough challenges existing theories and could lead to the development of new semiconductor materials with improved thermal management in electronics and data centers.
Rice scientists developed a method to pattern device functions with submicron precision directly into an ultrathin crystal using focused electron beams. The approach created bright blue-light emitting traces that also conduct electricity, potentially enabling compact on-chip wiring and built-in light sources.
Researchers at Kumamoto University have developed a flexible solid electrolyte material with exceptional proton conductivity and hydrogen gas barrier properties, making it suitable for low- to mid-temperature fuel cells. The material enables stable operation across a wide temperature range, from -10 °C to 140 °C, and shows promise for ...
Researchers at Tampere University discovered that quantum scars enhance electron transport in open quantum dots, enabling electrical conduction in nanoscale components. This breakthrough paves the way for developing efficient microchips and potentially new types of qubits for quantum computing.
Scientists from Institute of Science Tokyo have created a solid electrolyte-based hydrogen battery that stores and releases hydrogen at temperatures below 100 °C, overcoming high-temperature and low-capacity limitations. The battery offers practical solutions for hydrogen-powered vehicles and clean energy systems.
SeamFit's innovative use of flexible conductive threads and machine-learning algorithms accurately detects movements and counts reps during various exercises. This wearable technology promotes practicality in exercise tracking, potentially enhancing human-AI interaction by monitoring daily activities.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new synthesis method for highly pure porous organic polymers (POPs), eliminating residual impurities and achieving high porosity. The obtained POPs exhibited improved CO2 adsorption capacity, proton conductivity, and unique gas adsorption behavior.
Researchers at the University of Houston have achieved a major milestone in finding superconductors that work in everyday conditions. By stabilizing high-pressure-induced superconducting states at ambient pressure, they have opened up new avenues for fundamental research and practical applications.
Researchers at the University of Minnesota have created a new, transparent conducting oxide material with increased band gap, enabling faster and more efficient devices. This breakthrough supports the development of high-performance electronics for computers, smartphones, and potentially quantum computing.
Researchers at Osaka University have created molecular wires with periodic twists that increase electrical conductivity. The discovery could lead to the development of cheaper and biocompatible electronic devices.
Researchers have developed a new method known as flash-within-flash Joule heating (FWF) that enables gram-scale production of high-quality solid-state materials in seconds, reducing energy and greenhouse gas emissions by over 50%. The technique offers a scalable and sustainable solution for manufacturing diverse compounds.
The team introduced a novel N-B doped composite electrode for iron-chromium redox flow batteries, demonstrating significant improvements in discharge capacity and energy efficiency. The modified electrodes offered more active sites for redox reactions, enhancing the energy storage process.
Scientists at Nara Institute of Science and Technology create flexible wearable thermoelectric generators that produce electricity from body heat using high-performing carbon nanotube yarns. The yarns, developed through a low-cost and environmentally friendly method, show three times higher power factor than previous CNT yarns.
A research team at City University of Hong Kong has developed a highly efficient electrocatalyst that enhances hydrogen generation through electrochemical water splitting. The catalyst, composed of transition-metal dichalcogenide nanosheets with unconventional crystal phases, exhibits superior activity and stability in acidic media.
A recent study published in Applied Physics Letters reveals the dynamics of water molecules in tetra-n-butylammonium bromide semiclathrate hydrate using quasi-elastic neutron scattering. The research found that water molecules rapidly reorient, and their motion is consistent with breaking hydrogen bonds.
Researchers have developed a novel carrier doping method for p-type semiconductors, which improves photovoltaic device performance by increasing hole concentration. The new method uses alkali ion impurities to enhance conductivity in copper(I)-based semiconductors.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science create a metal–organic framework-based magnesium ion conductor showing superionic conductivity at room temperature, overcoming the limitations of magnesium ion-based energy devices. The novel Mg2+ electrolyte exhibits a high conductivity of 10−3 S cm−1, making it suitable for battery applica...
Researchers at PPPL developed smaller, stronger high-temperature superconducting magnets for spherical tokamaks, enabling more efficient fusion power plants. The new magnets reduce construction costs and increase performance by shrinking the size of tokamaks.
A team of researchers from Tokyo University of Science has developed a novel multi-proton carrier complex that shows efficient proton conductivity even at high temperatures. The resulting starburst-type metal complex acts as a proton transmitter, making it 6 times more potent than individual imidazole molecules.
A team of scientists has discovered a way to bend electrons without applying a magnetic field by using circular polarized light in bilayer graphene. This breakthrough enables new sensing applications and opens up possibilities for infrared and terahertz sensing, medical imaging, and security applications.
Researchers develop NAnocrystalling Transport path in Ultrathin dielectrics for REinforcing passivating contact to overcome surface passivation and conductivity tradeoffs. The new contact consists of three-layer structures made up of silicon nanoparticles sandwiched between two layers of oxygen-rich SiOx.
A new method using a thin oxide film has revealed that oxygen impurities in germanium are responsible for a surprising effect, creating holes in the material and eclipsing its semiconducting properties. This discovery has broad implications for understanding the role of thin oxide films in future semiconductor design.
Researchers have found a way to modify carbon nanotubes to meet the requirements of novel electronic devices. The team discovered that exposure to plasma or shortening tube lengths leads to a drop in conductivity at low terahertz frequencies, but at high enough frequencies electrons move freely.
Measuring apple liquors' conductivity can provide a more objective assessment of their processing, allowing for better flavor quality. The study found that monitoring conductivity during distillation can identify the best conditions for producing high-quality apple spirits.
Aluminum implantation doping creates defects many layers deeper than the implantation site, affecting conductivity modulation and specific on-resistance. Researchers found that ion implantation defects penetrate up to 20 µm from the active region, requiring processing at least this distance away.
Scientists have successfully stored energy in bean plant roots using conjugated oligomers, creating a new biohybrid system for sustainable energy storage. The research demonstrates that the roots of intact plants can function as networks of conductors, storing up to 100 times more energy than previous experiments.
Scientists at UChicago have invented a new thermal insulator with unusual properties. The material, made using an innovative technique, is extremely good at containing heat while also allowing it to be moved in different directions.
Researchers found a way to potentially enhance material properties for next-generation electronics by confining electron and ion transport in a patterned thin film. Confinement caused electrons to interfere with each other, increasing the oxide's conductivity.
Osaka University researchers have created an adhesive-free method to strongly combine copper foil with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), reducing transmission losses in electronic circuits. The heat-assisted plasma treatment technique improves adhesion strength without adding intermediate layers.
Researchers at IBS developed a novel composite material consisting of metal nanowires within an ultrathin rubber film. The float assembly method creates a monolayer of nanowires in the rubber film, resulting in excellent physical properties such as high stretchability and metal-like conductivity.
Researchers create transistors with an ultra-thin metal gate grown as part of the semiconductor crystal, eliminating oxidation scattering. This design improves device performance in high-frequency applications, quantum computing, and qubit applications.
Researchers at IOCB Prague develop a method to prepare metallic water without high pressure, by dissolving electrons from alkali metal in water vapor. The resulting solution lasts several seconds and contains dissolved alkali cations and hydroxide and hydrogen.
Researchers created a wearable sensor that can detect a wide range of strains, from low-level wrist pulses to high-level elbow bending movements. The sensor's novel structural design mimics the scaly structure of snake skin, resulting in exceptional stretchiness and sensitivity.
A new UNSW study found that individuals with aphantasia, who cannot visualize mental images, exhibit reduced fear responses when reading scary stories. This suggests that mental imagery plays a key role in linking thoughts and emotions, supporting the idea that imagery is an emotional thought amplifier.
Scientists have discovered Ba7Nb4MoO20-based materials with high oxygen-ion conductivity, shedding light on the underlying mechanisms. These findings pave the way for developing low-cost and scalable renewable energy technologies, such as fuel cells, which could store and produce clean fuel.
Scientists from the University of Groningen discovered how strontium titanium oxide can change its resistance based on changes in the number of electrons or accumulation of oxygen vacancies. This finding opens up new paths to memristive heterostructures combining ferroelectric materials and graphene.
A KAUST team has developed a printable ink with high conductivity and transparency for use in solar panels and novel electromagnetic wave blocking. The ink's performance was demonstrated in a frequency selective surface, showing decent reflection across multiple frequencies and polarization insensitive results.
Scientists at Norwegian University of Science and Technology have found a way to control the conductivity of materials without affecting other properties. This breakthrough enables the creation of multifunctional devices using the same material.
The revised estimate of the inner core age is 1-1.3 billion years old, solving a paradox that arose from younger estimates. The researchers also found that the geodynamo was maintained by two different energy sources and mechanisms, providing new insights into the Earth's habitability.
Researchers at the University of Groningen have developed a new class of proton-conducting polymers based on protein-like materials, which may be useful in future bio-electronic devices and sensors. The novel material has shown higher measured proton conductivity than any previously known biomaterials.
A team of researchers led by Elisa Riedo demonstrated a method for fabricating high-quality p-n junctions on single atomic layers of molybdenum disulfide, enabling bipolar conductivity in 2D semiconductors. The technique uses thermal scanning probe lithography to create nanoscale-resolution doping patterns.
Researchers propose an all-optical method to modulate plasmonic response in graphene and metal-based systems using intense pump beams, enabling ultrafast light modulation. The technique exploits nanoscale photothermal effects to heat electrons, inducing changes in conductivity and optical properties.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a computational model that understands how material nanostructure affects conductivity. The goal is to inform the development of new energy storage devices for various electronics.
Researchers found that composite membranes with nanoparticles can increase proton conductivity in direct ethanol fuel cells, leading to higher efficiency and potential industrial scalability. This breakthrough has great implications for the use of renewable ethanol as a sustainable energy source.
Scientists have identified a novel mechanism that facilitates high oxide-ion conductivity in a new class of layered perovskites. The discovery, made by Prof. Masatomo Yashima and colleagues from Tokyo Institute of Technology, opens up possibilities for designing novel oxide-ion conductors.
Researchers from USTC applied moiré engineering to correlated transition metal oxides (CTMOs), realizing electronic modulations with mesoscale patterns. This breakthrough enables spatially patterned electronic textures on demand in strained epitaxial materials, providing a new route for achieving novel properties.
Researchers at KIST have developed a sulfide-based superionic conductor that delivers Li-ion conductivity comparable to liquid electrolytes, solving a key challenge in all-solid-state battery technology. The new material enables accelerated mass production and commercialization of safe batteries.
Scientists at Tokyo University of Science have synthesized a new thin film that can lower the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells. The novel film exhibits high conductivity at room temperatures, enabling potential applications in future power generation systems.
Researchers have created an ultra-thin ion-conducting membrane with high selectivity and conductivity, which can boost the power of flow batteries. The membrane overcomes the trade-off between ion selectivity and conductivity, resulting in improved flow battery performance.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have created a solid polymer-based electrolyte that can self-heal after damage and be recycled without harsh chemicals or high temperatures. The new material has potential as an effective battery electrolyte, but more work is needed to make it comparable to existing batteries.
The new method enables the creation of tall-and-narrow nanostructures with controllable dimensions, including transparent nanoelectrodes with high optical transmission and tunable conductivity. Researchers achieved this by adding 'table salt' to the polymer solution, improving electrostatic attraction between nanofibers.
Researchers developed a high-power thermoelectric device using aligned metallic carbon nanotubes, outperforming semiconducting counterparts. The breakthrough enables efficient conversion of waste heat into electricity.
Scientists at Aalto University and the University of Vienna create hybrid material combining graphene and single-walled carbon nanotubes, achieving higher conductivity than either component alone. The van der Waals interaction between graphene and nanotubes enhances charge-tunneling, leading to improved electrical properties.
Researchers at UC Santa Barbara and their international team have uncovered the mechanism behind doping organic semiconductors using Lewis acids. The discovery reveals that water plays a crucial role in this process, enabling scientists to design even better dopants for greater control over these materials.
Researchers found that graphene bilayer conductivity varies based on the states of carbon atoms at their edges, particularly in relation to quantum spin Hall and Rashba spin-orbit coupling. This property could be useful for spintronics applications, including quantum computing.
Researchers at the Ferdinand-Braun-Institut developed beta-Ga2O3-MOSFETs with a high breakdown voltage and record power figure of merit, achieving unique performance figures close to theoretical material limits. The improved electrical properties lead to lower on-state resistances and higher breakdown voltages.
Scientists from Skoltech developed a novel method to fine-tune the optoelectrical properties of single-walled carbon nanotubes by applying an aerosolized dopant solution. The new approach enables uniform, controllable and easily reproducible aerosol doping, breaking new ground for flexible and transparent electronics.
Physicists from the University of Belgrade have found a way to manipulate superthin layers of graphene to create new artificial materials with enhanced properties. Applying tensile biaxial strain increases the critical temperature, making high-temperature superconductivity easier to achieve.