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Researchers create new method to analyze data from experiments in cracking, gaining deeper understanding of the process. The team's approach enables prediction of how cracks will advance in different materials under various stresses.
Glass
Articles tagged with Glass
Scientists unlock the mystery of the mechanics of liquid crystal alignment
Researchers at Kent State University reveal that all LCD surfaces align parallel to anisotropic surface roughness. The study reveals new insights into the structure and behavior of liquid crystals on various glass substrates.
APS physics tip sheet #57
A new nanoparticle sensor developed at the University of Rochester can detect individual flu viruses and particles, setting a high bar for detection techniques. Meanwhile, researchers from the University of Twente have found that thin grooves with sharp edges can speed up drying even in humid conditions.
Does smoking cloud the brain?
A new study from Michigan Medicine reveals a direct relationship between smoking and neurocognitive function in men with alcoholism. Long-term smokers showed diminished thinking ability and lower IQ compared to non-smokers, even after adjusting for other factors.
It's a bug's life: MIT team tells moving tale
Insects use unique postures and forces to propel themselves up steep, slippery menisci in water. Researchers found two species of water treaders create dimples in the surface with their legs, generating forces that suck them up the slope.
Nanocoating could eliminate foggy windows and lenses
Researchers have developed a permanent solution to fogging on glass, eliminating the need for constant reapplication. The coating remains stable over time and can be applied to various surfaces, making it suitable for use in eyeglasses, camera lenses, and more.
Tiny rubber balls give plastic bounce
Researchers have developed tiny rubber balls that can be embedded in plastics to improve adhesion and toughness. The core-shell particles are tailored to join with any plastic or ceramic, solving issues of adhesion found with untailored rubber particles.
Engineers create optoelectronic tweezers to round up cells, microparticles
Engineers develop optoelectronic tweezers that can manipulate large numbers of single cells and particles, offering a practical advantage over existing methods. The device uses a photoconductive surface and light-emitting diode to create an electric field for particle manipulation.
Study shows how granular materials get themselves out of a jam
A team of physicists at the University of Chicago has measured the forces exerted between granular particles as they transition from a jammed state to a flowing state. The study shows that granular systems have an 'effective temperature' similar to glass, allowing particles to rearrange and flow.
Shadow technique improves measurement of micro holes
A new measurement method developed by NIST researchers uses the shadow cast by a small glass probe to infer the dimensions of tiny, microscale holes. The technique provides an improved quality control method for precision-engineered products, such as fuel nozzles and biomedical stents.
On the way to the perfect glass
A team of researchers has made a breakthrough in creating perfect glass by monitoring the structure changes of zeolites when heated. The resulting glass is stronger and more resistant than traditional glass, with potential applications in making glass invulnerable to water and reducing breakage.
Hydrogen sensors are faster, more sensitive
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory have developed a new type of hydrogen sensor that shows rapid and reversible responses to hydrogen gas. The sensors use a discontinuous palladium thin film on a glass slide coated with a self-assembled monolayer, resulting in faster response times and increased sensitivity.
Marine sponge yields nanoscale secrets
Researchers at UCSB have developed a method to couple synthetic molecules onto gold nanoparticles, mimicking the natural biological catalyst of the marine sponge. This discovery represents a low-temperature, biotechnological route to producing valuable nanomaterials.
Harvard scientists create high-speed integrated nanowire circuits
Researchers create high-performance electronic devices using low-temperature fabrication and nanowires, outpacing comparable ring oscillators by a factor of 10,000. The technique paves the way for more complex nanoelectronics and could enable ubiquitous computing devices with improved speed and reduced costs.
Point-contact spectroscopy deepens mystery of heavy-fermion superconductors
Researchers used point-contact spectroscopy to explore Andreev reflection between a normal metal and a heavy-fermion superconductor. The findings show that conventional theories cannot account for the data, indicating the need for new theoretical frameworks.
Malt liquor beers, and the people who drink them, are different
A study found that malt liquor drinkers are more likely to be homeless, unemployed, and drink heavily, with higher blood alcohol levels and aggressive behavior associated with MLB consumption. The researchers also noted that MLBs are often targeted towards lower-income, minority communities, making them a concern for public health.
Researchers uncover secrets behind nanotube formation
Scientists uncover how multi-walled carbon nanotubes are formed inside glass-coated liquid carbon via the pure carbon arc method. The research team discovered that carbon crystals form inside drops of glassy liquid carbon, which cool at a faster rate than the surrounding nanotube, resulting in a glassy appearance.
Glass reveals secrets under pressure
Researchers at Argonne National Laboratory witness continuous structural change in glass under pressure, contradicting long-held theories. They also observe a dense, disordered octahedral structure for the first time, with internal angles deviating from perfect geometry.
TEAM designs world's highest resolution microscope
The team aims to achieve a resolution of 0.5 Ångstrom and acquire three-dimensional images at atomic resolution using aberration correction. Aberration correction is crucial for the project, which involves designing a complex system of lenses to correct distorted images.
Tiny tools carve glass
Researchers create miniature drills and end mills using microelectro discharge machining to produce smooth, curly chips of glass or ceramic. The process can take as long as an hour to produce one dimple a half millimeter in diameter, but is faster than photolithography.
Mystery unwrapped: Texas A&M team uncovers mummy secrets
A Texas A&M University team has discovered that ancient Egyptians used tar from natural oil seeps in the Middle East for preservation and mummification. The researchers found that tar acted as a watersealer, preventing moisture from penetrating the wrappings and destroying the body.
Glass research earns Lehigh a coveted NSF award
The Lehigh International Materials Institute (IMI) will receive $3.25 million to develop new glass functionalities and foster global collaboration. The grant aims to revitalize the worldwide glass research community and educate a new generation of experts, addressing concerns about the US losing its lead in the field.
Glass semiconductor softens with low-power laser, then re-hardens
Physicists at Ohio State University discovered that a glass semiconductor softens when exposed to low-power laser light, but returns to its original hardness when the light is turned off. The material's behavior is linked to the rigidity transition and the displacement of electrons in the latticework structure.
How pride and prejudice blur men's view of the glass cliff
A recent study by Professor Alex Haslam and Dr. Michelle Ryan found that men's perceptions of the 'glass cliff' effect, where women take riskier positions, are influenced by pride and prejudice. Women tend to believe they are more suited for crisis management and leadership roles, while men view them as expendable.
UV light, coatings reduce bacterial adhesion up to 50 percent
Researchers found that UV light combined with certain coatings can lower cell adhesion by 15-50% on glass and metal-oxide coated surfaces, reducing bacterial contamination. Higher intensity light is more effective than lower intensity UV light in preventing biofouling.
Scientists formulate intelligent glass that blocks heat not light
Researchers have created a smart window coating that reflects infrared light when temperatures rise above 29 degrees Celsius, reducing unwanted heat. This intelligent glass can help reduce energy consumption and provide cooler conditions for occupants.
Broken halide lamps could cause sunburn
Three outbreaks of injuries from damaged metal halide lamps in Middle Tennessee were reported, resulting in photokeratitis and UVR burns. The study found that even a single damaged bulb can cause severe symptoms, highlighting the need for awareness and prevention measures.
Discovery offers clues to origin of life
A research team found mineralized tubes and DNA associated with microbial activity in ancient basaltic glass samples, suggesting that microbes colonized the early oceanic crust. The discovery provides clues to the origin of life on Earth.
Marine sponges provide model for nanoscale materials production
Researchers have discovered a way to harness biomolecular mechanisms in marine sponges to produce semiconductors and photovoltaic materials. The discovery represents a low-temperature, environmentally friendly route to nanostructural fabrication of valuable materials.
Question about fundamental chemistry of water answered
Scientists Y-Z Yue and C.Austen Angell challenge the accepted temperature for water's glass transition, proposing that it crystallizes before softening. This discovery offers a new understanding of water's phases, revealing that glassy water can remain solid at higher temperatures.
Gender barriers: New book looks at roadblocks impeding women scientists and engineers
A new book by Sue V. Rosser identifies obstacles preventing women engineers and scientists from advancing in academia, including balancing work and family responsibilities. The study reveals that women faculty members are crucial for attracting and retaining female graduate students.
Purdue engineers develop quick, inexpensive method to prototype microchips
Researchers create new microfluidic chip assembly method using glass microscope slides, tweezers, and a flexible polymer, cutting design and manufacture time from weeks to hours. The new approach enables scientists to test ideas quickly and conduct research in typical laboratories.
How shock waves change glass
Simulations show that compression waves change the atomic arrangement of glass, resulting in a denser and less brittle material. The study, published in Physical Review Letters, may have implications for optimizing glass properties.
Ultra-thin coating traps DNA on a leash
Researchers at Penn State have developed a coating made of molecules that binds to glass and grabs onto DNA strands, improving DNA retention on microarrays by over 50%. The coating, which is single molecule thick, allows DNA to act as if it were free-floating.
Study tests new muffler technology for American auto industry
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new muffler design that utilizes glass fiber, reducing auto noise by up to 40 decibels and improving engine performance. The design can be lighter, less prone to corrosion, and help engines work more efficiently.
Nanowire film brings cheaper, faster electronics a step closer
Researchers have developed a method to apply nanowires to glass or plastics at room temperature, enabling the production of efficient computer chips and optical displays. This breakthrough could lead to durable consumer electronics and advanced military applications.
Lehigh-Unilever study sheds light on mystery of cloudy wineglasses
Researchers at Lehigh University discovered that the milky band on cloudy wineglasses is actually a network of microscopic scratches created during glass manufacturing. Repeated washings in the dishwasher can cause these cracks to spread and scatter light, giving the bowl a corroded appearance.
Shape of beverage glass influences how much people pour and drink
A study by Brian Wansink found that the shape of a beverage glass can alter how much people pour and drink, with taller glasses leading to overconsumption. In three experiments involving teenagers, adults, and bartenders, Wansink discovered that participants consistently underestimated the volume of liquids in shorter, wider glasses.
Microscopic cracks spoil the transparency of glass, nano-researchers find
Research reveals that microscopic cracks on glass surface are scattered light, not dirt, and can only be cleaned away by dissolving the cracks with an aggressive solution. This discovery challenges long-held assumptions about the properties of glass.
Metallic phase for bosons implies new state of matter
Researchers have found a new state of matter where bosons condense into a glass-like, metallic state. This discovery contradicts the conventional theory of metals and poses a serious theoretical question about the nature of this intermediate phase.
NASA research propels development of new glass
REAl Glass has unique qualities useful for creating materials for demanding optical applications. The glass is made from Rare Earth oxides, Aluminum oxide and small amounts of silicon dioxide. It can be used to create efficient power lasers and expand coverage to new wavelengths, making it a promising material for surgical lasers.
Making 3-D chips a reality
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute are developing new interconnect technologies that enable three-dimensional circuit integration, promising improved performance and function. The technology uses damascene processing to bond wafers together face-to-face, reducing global travel distance and enabling faster signal transmission.
Women most effective leaders for today's world
A comprehensive meta-analysis of 45 leadership studies found that women tend to use transformational leadership styles, which produce better worker performance and effectiveness. Women scored higher than men on one measure of transactional leadership and were more likely to be mentors and empower workers.
Combination of SPECT and CT imaging most comprehensive evaluation of coronary disease
Researchers compared MPI and CCTA scans to determine a more comprehensive assessment of coronary artery disease. Combining functional SPECT MPI and anatomic CT scans provided valuable information on severe myocardial perfusion defects and calcium deposits.
UF research: Despite male image, stone toolmaking also done by women
Despite historical perception that men made stone tools, a UF study found that women in the Konso ethnic group of Ethiopia dominate this activity, creating scrapers for animal hides. The discovery highlights the importance of stone tools in the archaeological record and sheds light on the role of women in prehistory.
Atomic force microscope powerful new tool for measurement of particle attraction
Researchers have developed a new method to measure the attraction between particles and surfaces using an atomic force microscope. This technique allows for the simulation of various environmental conditions and the quantification of sticking efficiencies, which can improve contaminant removal methods.
Rutgers researchers test polymer reliability for medical implants
Researchers investigate how changes in polymer environment and glass transition temperature impact stability in medical implants. Hydration can affect polymer degradability and structural stability, highlighting the need for tailored material properties.
Researchers solve ballistic mystery in ceramic armor
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory discovered that higher-energy impacts cause boron carbide to transform into a more fragile glassy form. This transformation has implications for the development of improved armor materials.
Mathematical models reveal 'molten' and 'glassy' states of RNA
Researchers have developed the first mathematical theory for RNA's possible states, showing that high temperatures allow it to fold into many shapes, while low temperatures cause it to collapse. This discovery has implications for understanding protein folding and the role of RNA in early life.
Engineers take new look at strength of industrial glass
Researchers have improved a method for measuring the strength of E-glass and other glass fibers, revealing it may be more than one and a half times stronger than previously recorded measurements. This discovery could help expand applications for glass fibers in industries such as automotive manufacturing.
Pasta provides glimpse of earthquake fault friction forces
Researchers created a unique model to study earthquake fault friction forces using angel hair pasta, glass beads, and sand. They found that initial conditions and particle dimensionality have a significant impact on friction, with smooth particles producing different results than irregular ones.
Do Asian American faculty face a glass ceiling in higher education?
A study by Professor Sharon M. Lee found that Asian American faculty have fewer paths to increase earnings and experience smaller benefits from certain characteristics compared to White faculty. The research highlights the need for policymaking to address issues of racial and ethnic diversity in higher education.
Researchers find 400% increase in pulling power if you drop glasses for contact lenses
A study found that wearing contact lenses instead of glasses increased feelings of self-confidence and 'pulling power'. Volunteers who switched to contact lenses reported a significant increase in abilities, with many more likely to engage in social interactions, including hugging, kissing, and fondling.
Living in a glass house: Ocean organism's novel dwelling helps Earth's atmosphere
Researchers found diatoms use glass to facilitate photosynthesis, which benefits the planet by reducing carbon dioxide levels. This discovery links carbon cycles and silicon chemistry, providing insights into historical climate variations and greenhouse gas emissions.
Springfield, Mass., researcher receives award for combating terrorism with chemistry
James R. Moran, a fellow at Solutia Inc., has developed a laminated safety glass that can absorb blast pressure and energy, protecting people from flying glass shards and debris in explosions. This technology was recognized by the American Chemical Society's Heroes of Chemistry program for its contribution to improving public safety.
Wilmington researcher receives award for combating terrorism with chemistry
Richard W. Rees, a Wilmington researcher, has been awarded the Hero of Chemistry title by the American Chemical Society for his work on laminated safety glass technology that protects people from flying glass shards and other debris in explosions.
World's largest scientific society to honor DuPont scientists for 2 breakthrough discoveries
DuPont scientists Richard Rees and W. Mark Barbour's team developed innovative technologies to minimize falling and flying glass during explosions, while also detecting harmful pathogens in food supplies with the BAX system. Their advancements strengthen global security and protection measures.
Rare fossilized tube feet suggest functional shift through time
Scientists have discovered a rare fossil of a brittle star with preserved fleshy tube feet, providing evidence of an ecological shift through time. The findings challenge traditional understanding of soft tissue preservation and offer new insights into the evolutionary history of starfishes.
Silent earthquake in Hawaii offers clues to early detection of catastrophic tsunamis
Researchers detected a magnitude 5.7 quake on Kilauea's southern flank in November 2000 using GPS data, which caused the volcano's southern flank to slide nearly 3.5 inches into the sea. The event could become a model for predicting catastrophic tsunamis in the Pacific.
A smile a day keeps heart disease away
A scoring system characterized the men from pessimist to optimist, with optimistic men having a lower risk of coronary heart disease. Despite this protective effect, the researchers found no difference in mortality rates between optimistic and pessimistic men.