Articles tagged with Nanoparticles
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
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Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers at MIT have created nanoparticles that mimic blood platelets to target cancer tumors. These particles can be used for non-invasive imaging of fast-growing cancer hot spots in tumors, as well as delivering chemotherapy directly into the tumor.
Scientists probe the effects of nanotechnology on living cells, organisms, and the environment. Researchers like Maria Palazuelos test aluminum nanoparticles' absorption by cells, while others investigate copper nanoparticles' toxicity in fish. The goal is to understand nanoparticle-cell interactions to inform regulatory decisions.
Researchers at UC Davis have created luminescent, magnetic nanoparticles that can be used for tests of environmental pollution and contamination in food products. The particles can also be labeled with antibodies or DNA for genetic analysis, and have the potential to revolutionize medical diagnostics.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have developed a way to coat nanoparticles with a chemical that helps them slip through the body's protective mucus barrier. This breakthrough could lead to more effective treatments for diseases like cancer and infections, delivered directly to affected areas without unwanted side effects.
Researchers have made progress in nanotech workplace safety, including new instrumentation and innovative exposure control methods. However, critical questions about worker safety remain unanswered, highlighting the need for further study to ensure safe nano-workplaces today and in the future.
Researchers at Michigan State University have discovered that nanoparticles can stop thin polymer films from buckling and wrinkling, paving the way for new solutions to prevent wrinkles. The technology has potential applications in cosmetic procedures and medical treatments.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that home in on tumors by mimicking the clotting action of platelets, blocking up to 20% of tumor blood vessels. This system enables self-amplification of tumor targeting, leading to enhanced imaging and therapeutic delivery.
Repetitive motion speeds nanoparticle uptake through the skin, according to a study by researchers at Rice University. The team found that flexing the skin increases nanoparticle penetration and depth, with more buckyballs taken up after 24 hours.
Researchers at Mayo Clinic isolated nanoparticles from human kidney stones in cell cultures, identifying proteins, RNA, and DNA linked to nanoparticles. The findings suggest that nanoparticles may play a role in the development of kidney stones.
The MIT implant, containing iron oxide-coated nanoparticles, can detect metabolites associated with tumor growth and track chemotherapy drug effects. It provides a rapid measure of treatment efficacy, helping doctors determine whether a treatment is working in a particular patient.
Researchers at Rice University and UT Austin have identified a promising antiviral drug target in the long, flexible tail of the nucleoprotein protein. Minor changes to this region prevent the protein from fulfilling its role in structural columns that transmit viral copies.
The new X-ray microscope resolves details down to 17 nanometers, allowing for the study of quantum dots and other nanomaterials in three dimensions. This technique opens up comprehensive imaging capabilities for various samples, including porous materials, semiconductors, and biomaterials.
Researchers at Rice University's Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology have developed a revolutionary, low-cost technology to clean arsenic from drinking water. The nanorust technique reduces arsenic levels in contaminated water to below EPA thresholds, offering a sustainable solution for millions of people worldwide.
A team of Yale biomedical engineers and cell biologists received a $1-million grant to create smart nanoparticles for vaccine delivery. They aim to develop materials that mimic biological vectors, evading normal barriers and stimulating antigen-presenting cells.
University of Michigan researchers successfully assembled nanoparticles into free-floating sheets using cadmium telluride crystals, a material used in solar cells. The discovery establishes a key connection between proteins and nanoparticles, enabling the development of novel materials for drug delivery, energy, and more.
Researchers discovered that germanium nanocrystals in silica glass don't melt until temperatures rise nearly 200 degrees Kelvin above the melting point of bulk germanium. The nanocrystals also require more than 200 K below the bulk melting point to resolidify.
Researchers discover that bacteria prefer larger nanoparticles to smaller ones for efficient metal reduction. The study reveals a 10-fold difference in bioreduction rates among particles of similar shape but different sizes, with larger particles being reduced faster than smaller ones.
Johns Hopkins researchers create a technique to release biomolecules and nanoparticles from a tiny gold launch pad using an electric pulse, enabling controlled release of medication or materials.
Researchers develop nanotubes to enhance adult stem cells' ability to differentiate into neurons in stroke-damaged rat brains. Additionally, nanoparticles promote formation of blood vessels and boost cardiovascular function after heart attacks.
Scientists at Brookhaven Lab developed a screening method to examine nanoparticle interactions with human cells, revealing toxic effects of carbon-based materials. The method uses in vitro laboratory studies and sophisticated imaging methods to gather information about cell responses to nanoparticles.
Researchers developed nanoparticles to target atherosclerotic plaques with low doses of fumagillin, reducing new blood vessel growth by 60-80%. This technique may enable effective treatment at lower doses for drugs with high side effects.
Researchers from Max Planck Institute in Potsdam have discovered an oscillating pattern in nanoparticle crystallization and self-organization. The study shows that these systems can form complex patterns, including concentric circles, through a combination of chemical reactions and diffusion.
Researchers have created a nano-sized pH meter using nanoparticles that can detect pH changes with high accuracy. The device, called the pMBA sensor, could enable non-invasive 'optical biopsy' to measure acidity in cancer tumors, revolutionizing medical diagnosis.
Researchers have developed tiny carriers, called gadolinium oxide nanoparticles, that can target tumors for improved imaging. These nanoparticles could enhance the diagnosis and treatment of brain tumors and other cancers by reducing toxic effects of chemotherapy.
A recent study calculates the risks of nanotechnology, emphasizing the need for rational work to understand and minimize adverse effects. The research highlights the importance of managing exposure to manufactured nano-sized particles, particularly through respiratory or skin routes.
Researchers have developed a technique using iron oxide nanoparticles to group together in cancerous tumors, creating masses detectable by MRI machines. This method has the potential to replace traditional treatments like radiation or chemotherapy with fewer side effects.
Researchers used nano-sized particles injected into mice to improve ultrasound image quality, detecting nanoparticles in the liver. This technology aims to identify early-stage diseases like cancers at a cellular level.
Researchers at MIT and Brigham have developed a way to design nanoparticles that can selectively deliver chemotherapy to cancer cells while leaving healthy cells intact. The particles, which are about 150 nanometers in size, use targeting molecules called aptamers to home in on cancer cells.
Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University have discovered a nanoparticle that provides significant protection against radiation-induced damage, including hair loss and organ damage. The fullerene-based agent showed promise in reducing organ damage by half to two-thirds, even when given before or after radiation exposure.
Brookhaven scientists have developed a method to create well-defined nanoparticles of metal compounds for catalytic interest. This new approach, reactive layer assisted deposition (RLAD), enables researchers to understand the atomic structures of these particles and their reactivity on the nano scale.
Researchers have developed custom nanoparticles that show promise in providing a more targeted and effective delivery of anticancer drugs. The particles can be made to mimic the shapes of objects found in nature, such as red blood cells or virus particles, and have the potential to reduce side effects associated with chemotherapy.
Researchers have developed a method to separate two different catalysts from a multi-step chemical reaction done in a single vessel using magnetic nanoparticles. This technique could lead to more efficient production of specialty chemicals and reduce waste, benefiting the pharmaceutical and specialty chemical industries.
The Rice University team created nanorice particles with improved properties for chemical sensing and biological imaging. The particles, made of non-conducting iron oxide and metallic shell, offer greater structural tunability than previous optically useful shapes.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a method to stabilize lipids and create biocompatible capsules. These capsules can be used for drug delivery, enzyme-catalyzed reactions, and biosensors, offering new possibilities for health and agricultural applications.
Research by Michigan State University reveals that combustion-derived nanoparticles can cause nasal airway inflammation, rhinitis, and epithelial cell injury. The study's findings suggest that the nose is a potential target organ for nanoparticle toxicity, highlighting the need for better occupational and environmental exposure limits.
Researchers have created temperature-sensitive capsules that can release drugs at different rates, with the release rate controlled by the amount of wrinkling. The solution to cool the capsules without harming surrounding tissue lies in newly discovered nanoparticles chilled through magnetic cooling.
UNSW researchers have created a new type of self-cleaning coating using titanium dioxide nanoparticles. The coating uses visible light to kill Escherchia coli and break down organic compounds, reducing the need for chemical agents. Lab trials show promising results, paving the way for further testing and potential industrial applications.
UCLA researcher Dr. Andre Nel has developed a new testing method to evaluate the safety and health risks of engineered nanomaterials. The approach uses existing toxicity testing frameworks to predict potential hazards, enabling the classification of materials as safe or toxic.
Researchers at Lehigh University have determined the structure of a type of gold-palladium nanoparticle, which is crucial for an environmentally friendly catalyst promoting the oxidation of primary alcohols to aldehydes. The catalyst outperformed similar ones in terms of efficiency.
A University of Georgia research team is studying the effects of manufactured nanoparticles on microorganisms and small worms in soil. The study aims to understand the bioavailability and toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles, which may establish potential ecological and human health risks if released into the environment.
Researchers found that certain carbon nanoparticles activate human platelets and stimulate blood clotting, leading to increased risk of cardiovascular disease. The study also revealed that some nanoparticles mimic molecular bridges involved in platelet interactions.
Researchers at NIST have successfully assembled and disassembled long chains of magnetic nanoparticles, offering potential applications in medical imaging and information storage. The chains are formed using a weak magnetic field, which induces alignment of the nanoparticles and allows for controlled manipulation.
UCF researchers have developed a portable method for producing safe drinking water from any source, including contaminated wastewater. The system uses naturally created nanoparticles to kill bacteria that foul membranes used in traditional water treatment methods.
Researchers have developed a nanoparticle that can identify brain tumor cells and selectively target them for radiation therapy. The particles, called functional metallofullerenes, have shown promise in preliminary experiments and may one day benefit patients with advanced brain tumors.
Researchers have developed RNA nanoparticles that can carry multiple therapeutic agents into specific cancer cells, where they can halt viral growth or cancer progression. The tiny particles are assembled from three short pieces of ribonucleic acid and possess the right size and structure to gain entry into cells.
A research team has found a strong relationship between polymer reactivity and nanoparticle size, shape, and morphology. They discovered that strongly interacting polymers produce smaller, pyramid-shaped particles, while weakly interacting polymers yield larger, spherical particles.
Researchers at VCU are developing magnetic nanoparticles that can combine detection and treatment in a single process, promising new hope for breast cancer treatment. The nanoparticles use magnetodynamic therapy to kill tumor cells with minimal damage to healthy cells.
Researchers have developed a permanent solution to fogging on glass, eliminating the need for constant reapplication. The coating remains stable over time and can be applied to various surfaces, making it suitable for use in eyeglasses, camera lenses, and more.
University at Buffalo scientists developed nanoparticles that delivered genes to adult brain stem/progenitor cells in vivo with no observable toxic effect. The technique may allow repairing brain cells damaged by disease, trauma, or stroke. This breakthrough demonstrates the potential for non-viral vectors in gene therapy.
Researchers propose a new magnetic herding technique that manipulates colloidal objects using magnetism, offering flexibility and convenience over existing methods. The technique has potential applications in biosensors, medical diagnostic devices, and microelectronic components.
Scientists at the University of Illinois have developed a method to create flexible silicon nanotubes using nanoparticles. These nanotubes exhibit a unique combination of properties, including elasticity similar to rubber, making them suitable for various applications such as catalysis and guided laser cavities.
Scientists have successfully delivered genes to the lungs of CF mice using DNA nanoparticles, enabling real-time imaging and assessment of gene expression. This breakthrough technology holds promise for treating serious lung diseases like cystic fibrosis with novel nucleic acid-based therapies.
Researchers at Cornell University have created fluorescent nanoparticles called 'Cornell dots' that can be used for biological imaging, optical computing, and other applications. These particles offer an alternative to quantum dots due to their greater chemical inertness and reduced cost.
The grant aims to develop smart nanoparticles that can deliver photoactivated molecules to kill tumors while sparing healthy tissue. These nanoparticles will also deliver corrective genes to treat genetic disorders and inhibit viral infections or cancers. The project targets diseases like hemophilia, cancer, and viral infections.
Researchers have developed nanoparticles that can detect tumors using standard MRI equipment, allowing for earlier diagnosis. The particles can also deliver cancer-fighting drugs directly to malignant tumors, promising more effective treatment options.
Dendrimers have shown promise for precisely delivering drugs to their targets inside the body, but high concentrations can be toxic. Researchers discovered that engineering dendrimers in particular ways can prevent this damage and make them better at what they do.
Researchers found that ceria nanoparticles with zirconium and gold improve oxygen storage and release, leading to more efficient catalytic converters. This technology holds promise for a cleaner future.
Researchers at Purdue University have developed a method to create DNA-based structures using magnetic nanoparticles and restriction enzymes. By clipping the DNA 'wires' into smaller pieces, they aim to reduce production costs and increase efficiency in electronic devices.
Researchers have developed a method to assemble nanoparticles using DNA molecules, enabling targeted delivery of drugs and contrast agents to cancer cells. The approach uses dendrimers, star-like synthetic polymers that can carry multiple molecules, and allows for rapid synthesis and self-assembly of nanoparticle complexes.
Researchers developed a novel antiviral treatment using RNA interference to inhibit respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in mice. The treatment, administered as a nasal drop or spray, successfully suppressed the virus's NS1 protein, preserving the host's natural antiviral defense.