Porosity
Articles tagged with Porosity
Study reveals hidden damage in stony corals using 3D imaging and AI
Researchers used 3D imaging and artificial intelligence to analyze the microscopic structure of coral skeletons, revealing subtle changes caused by Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease. The study found that Attention U-Net performed best in detecting differences between healthy and diseased corals.
Creating carbon-capturing cement
A team of Penn engineers and materials scientists have developed a biomineral-infused concrete that captures up to 142% more CO2 than conventional mixes while using less cement. The new material is stronger, lighter, and uses fewer materials like cement.
Thick electrodes’ chemistry matters more than structure for battery performance
Researchers at Rice University found that electrode materials' thermodynamic properties impact energy flow and performance differently. They showed that even with similar structures, some materials degrade faster under identical cycling conditions due to uneven lithium flow.
Researchers develop biomimetic adsorbent to efficiently extract uranium from seawater
Researchers developed a biomimetic adsorbent inspired by the natural porous structure of the Chinese sweet gum tree's fruit. The hierarchical nano-trap framework significantly enhanced ion diffusion and increased uranium adsorption capacity, outperforming competitive ions in real seawater tests.
Flexible COF-based porous liquid with “breathing effect”for enhancing CO2 adsorption and catalysis
Researchers have developed a COF-based porous liquid that can dynamically adjust its pore size in response to pressure change, significantly enhancing CO2 capture and catalytic conversion. This innovative material boasts a 24-fold higher efficiency for the reaction of CO₂ with propylene oxide compared to conventional methods.
Porous silicon oxide electrodes: A breakthrough towards sustainable energy storage
Researchers at Doshisha University developed porous silicon oxide electrodes that improve the durability and energy density of all-solid-state batteries. The electrodes can withstand repeated charge/discharge cycles without cracking or peeling, making them a promising solution for sustainable energy storage.
Grant funds research into fungal structures
Mechanical engineering professor Debora Lyn Porter is using a $990,000 grant to research growing fungi into patterns called biotemplating. The goal is to create materials with high strength-to-weight ratio and biodegradability, suitable for aerospace and clothing production.
Material design to enhance bioactivity of porous tantalum implants - new generation of orthopedic implants
Researchers develop novel Ta-based implants with improved biocompatibility and osseointegration properties, enabling better bone growth and stability. The designs optimize mechanical and biological requirements for optimal clinical results.
A single-molecule-based organic porous material with great potential for efficient ammonia storage
Researchers developed a crystalline solid that can adsorb and release ammonia, making it easy to recover. The material's high density and ease of desorption make it a promising solution for efficient hydrogen storage.
New milestone for lithium metal batteries
Researchers at Pohang University of Science & Technology developed a hybrid porous structure using polyvinyl alcohol, enabling uniform lithium electrodeposition. The new design facilitated the transport of lithium ions, reducing 'dead Li' areas and internal short circuits, resulting in high stability after 200 charge-discharge cycles.
The solution to kidney bleeding and recovery lies within a hemostasis sponge, using the inherent capabilities of the kidneys
A team of researchers has developed a hemostasis sponge that swiftly staunchs kidney bleeding and facilitates wound recovery. The material uses kidney-derived decellularized extracellular matrix to recreate the kidney's microenvironment, boasting high biocompatibility.
New 3D-printing method makes printing objects more affordable and eco-friendly
Engineers at the University of Florida have developed a novel 3D printing method called VIPS-3DP, which creates single-material and multi-material objects using sustainable materials and less energy. This process allows for custom-made objects to be printed economically and sustainably.
A new benchmark for high-performance carbon cathodes in lithium-oxygen batteries
Researchers from Tohoku University developed a special type of porous carbon sheet, graphene mesosponge sheet, which significantly improves the energy density and cycle stability in Li-O2 batteries. The GMS-sheet achieves high-performance standards with over 6300 milliampere-hours per gram.
New cooling ceramic can enhance energy efficiency for the construction sector and help combat global warming—City University of Hong Kong research
Researchers at City University of Hong Kong have developed a passive radiative cooling material that achieves high-performance optical properties. The cooling ceramic reduces thermal load, provides stable cooling performance, and can be used in various building applications.
Ancient architecture inspires a window to the future
Researchers developed a method to form tailored nanoscale windows in porous materials called MOFs using an architectural arch-forming template. This approach enables precise control over structure formation, leading to the creation of new materials with potential gas separation, medical applications and energy security benefits.
Atomic layer deposition route to scalable, electronic-grade van der Waals Te thin films
The UNIST team successfully fabricated high-quality Te thin films without heat treatment at low temperatures, achieving perfect atom arrangement. The developed process enables precise thickness control and uniform deposition on wafer-scale, suitable for various electronic devices.
Structure formation during freeze casting filmed in 3D and real time
Researchers used X-ray tomoscopy to study freeze casting processes, observing the formation of complex, hierarchically structured materials with large surface areas. The technique provided high spatial and temporal resolution, revealing the dynamics of directional ice crystal growth and the formation of organic-looking structures.
Investigating the porous metals in orthopedic implants and beyond
Research discusses challenges and future directions for porous metallic implant fabrication, focusing on microstructure, biocompatibility, and mechanical properties. The review aims to promote metabolite and nutrient exchange, bone ingrowth, and improved implant-tissue anchorage.
Effects of porosity on piezoelectric characteristics of polyvinylidene fluoride films for biomedical applications
Research investigates how porosity affects piezoelectric properties of PVDF films, a material suitable for biomedical applications. High porosity improves piezoelectric performance, enabling more sensitive pressure sensors for hemodynamic monitoring.
Clemson team’s novel metal-organic framework could help advance semiconductors
A Clemson team created a novel metal-organic framework with combined conduction pathways, outperforming traditional MOFs. This breakthrough could advance modern electronics and energy technologies.
Novel self-assembled porous yolk-shell NiO nanospheres with excellent electrochromic performance for smart windows
Researchers have synthesized NiO nanospheres with fast switching speed and excellent cycling stability, indicating promising application potential in high-performance electrochromic devices. The as-prepared nanospheres exhibited a fast coloring/bleaching speed and excellent cycling stability.
Sensing water for smarter agriculture
Researchers at KAUST have developed a rapid and sensitive soil moisture sensor using metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to optimize water usage in agriculture. The MOF-based sensor shows high sensitivity and selectivity for water even in the presence of metal ions, enabling precise irrigation management.
Advanced electronic skin for multiplex healthcare monitoring
Researchers from TIBI have developed an advanced electronic skin patch that provides simultaneous, continuous monitoring of multiple bodily parameters. The new E-skin patch offers enhanced flexibility, thermal cooling abilities, and fluid absorption over conventional substrates while demonstrating excellent biocompatibility and biodegr...
Electron injection builds novel crystalline carbons
A research team at USTC discovered a novel long-range ordered porous carbon (LOPC) crystal formed by charging C60 molecules with Li3N, preserving periodic stacking of nanomaterials. LOPC exhibits characteristics of both long-range order and partially broken C60 molecules, making it suitable for various applications.
A new, unique covalent organic framework for use in drug delivery and clean energy
Researchers at Tokyo University of Science have developed a unique 3D COF with scu-c topology, exhibiting efficient gas adsorption and drug delivery capabilities. The material has been shown to exhibit excellent hydrogen and methane adsorption properties.
Self-folding origami honeycombs pave the way to sustainable protective packaging
Researchers from Shibaura Institute of Technology created a novel method to produce self-folding origami honeycomb structures using paper sheets, which can provide excellent protection against shocks and compression. The developed technique has potential applications in packaging, agriculture, and other fields.
Taking salt out of the water equation
Researchers at KAUST have developed ultrathin polymer-based ordered membranes that simultaneously exhibit high water flux and high salt rejection. The membranes display excellent performance in both forward and reverse osmosis configurations, surpassing those containing advanced materials like carbon nanotubes and graphene.
Secrets from space: Advanced Photon Source helps illuminate the journey of a 4 billion-year-old asteroid
Researchers used the Advanced Photon Source to study asteroid fragments from Ryugu, finding they were made of water and carbon dioxide ice. The analysis suggests the asteroid formed over 4 billion years ago in the outer solar system, with a hydrated interior and dryer surface.
£1.2m grant to revolutionise product design and manufacturing
Researchers aim to create crack-resistant, uniform materials with reduced residual stresses and porosity for use in AM. The project will combine the best processing features of existing alloys groups, resulting in lightweight, rigid, and thermally stable components.
Just add water: A simple method to obtain versatile porous polymers
Scientists from Shibaura Institute of Technology developed a simple method to produce polyethylenimine-based network polymers by dissolving triaziridine compounds in water. The resulting porous polymers exhibit versatile properties, including tailored morphological and mechanical characteristics.
Cage-confined catalysis in open-cage solution merging heterogeneity and multifunctionality
Researchers develop a multifunctional supramolecular catalysis protocol using open-cage solutions to achieve diverse cage-confined catalysis. The protocol enables selective mass transfer, C-H activation, and anionic intermediate stabilization, promoting acid/base-catalyzed cascade reactions.
Fabricating MgB2 superconductors using spark plasma sintering and pulse magnetization
New research from Shibaura Institute of Technology reveals that spark plasma sintering produces highly dense MgB2 bulks with improved mechanical and superconducting properties. The resulting samples exhibit superior strengths and high trapped field performance, making them suitable for space applications and electric machines.
Tiny tweaks to sparkle: Editing light-emitting organic molecules via surface modification
Researchers have developed a novel strategy for tuning the light-emitting properties of covalent organic frameworks (COFs) by introducing small molecular groups into their pore walls. This allows COFs to be fine-tuned to emit light at various distinct frequencies within the RGB spectrum.
Scientists synthesize 3D graphene films with high-energy E-beam
Researchers have successfully synthesized macroscopic thick three-dimensional porous graphene films using high-energy electron beams. The resulting material exhibits excellent electrochemical storage capacity and photothermal performance, making it suitable for applications in supercapacitors and solar photothermal anti-icing.
Study of nitinol deformations to enrich understanding of materials with targeted properties
A recent study by Kazan Federal University explores the deformation of nitinol, a material with unique physico-mechanical properties. The research reveals that amorphous porous nitinol can sustain major mechanical loads significantly higher than crystalline nitinol.
Ion-selective smart porous membranes
Researchers created a responsive porous SiO2 thin film with an extremely thin thickness of 8nm, controlling surface charge and selective ion permeation in response to pH changes.
Positive reinforcements help algorithm forecast underground natural reserves
Researchers at Texas A&M University have developed an algorithm that uses reinforcement learning to automate the prediction of subsurface environments. The algorithm accurately forecasts oil and gas reserves by providing feedback on rewards and penalizing unfavorable predictions.
Porous materials unfavorable for coronavirus survival
Researchers found porous surfaces accelerate evaporation, reducing virus survival time to three hours on paper and two days on cloth. This suggests that covering impermeable surfaces with porous materials can help prevent infection transmission.
Magnetic 'T-Budbots' made from tea plants kill and clean biofilms (video)
Researchers have developed magnetically propelled microbots derived from tea buds that can dislodge biofilms, release an antibiotic to kill bacteria, and clean away the debris. The T-Budbots showed promise in treating bacterial biofilms involved in hospital-acquired infections.
Two-dimensional carbon networks
Researchers have developed a simple bottom-up synthesis method for graphdiyne, a two-dimensional carbon network with adjustable electronic properties. The material demonstrates excellent lithium-storage capacity and stability, making it suitable for electrochemical applications.
NRL researchers' golden touch enhances quantum technology
Researchers at NRL have discovered a new platform for quantum technologies by suspending two-dimensional (2-D) crystals over pores in a slab of gold. This approach may help develop new materials for secure communication and sensing technologies based on unique atomic laws.
Machine-learning research at OSU unlocking molecular cages' energy-saving potential
Researchers used machine learning to categorize porous organic cage molecules based on their cavity shapes and adsorption properties. The study demonstrated that the learned encoding captures key features of the cavities, enabling potential energy savings in gas separations.
Universal laws in impact dynamics of dust agglomerates under microgravity conditions
Researchers have discovered universal energy transfer and dissipation scaling laws in impact dynamics of dust agglomerates under microgravity conditions. The findings apply to both porous and dense clumps of dust grains, revealing a surprising level of consistency in their response to impacts.
Scientists develop a new material for manipulating molecules
Scientists have developed a novel porous material with controlled porosity, which can store and separate molecules. This breakthrough material has the potential to improve catalysis, gas adsorption, and electronic conductivity, marking a significant turning point in various scientific fields.
The scientists from MSU developed a basis for highly sensitive gas sensors
Researchers from MSU have created a basis for highly sensitive gas sensors that can detect toxic and non-toxic gases in air at room temperature. The sensors use porous silicon nanowire arrays, which exhibit reversible charging and discharging of Pb-centers, making them reusable and suitable for environmental monitoring and control.
When a porous solid retains its properties in liquid form
Scientists have successfully created a porous solid that retains its properties in both liquid and glass states. This discovery enables the development of more efficient industrial applications for these materials.
High-tech electronics made from autumn leaves
A new method converts tree leaves into porous carbon materials for use in high-tech electronics. The resulting supercapacitors exhibit remarkable electrical properties and potential applications in computer technology and hybrid vehicles.
Getting closer to porous, light-responsive materials
Researchers developed a light-responsive crystalline material that overcomes previous challenges in creating 'photoresponsive' materials. The material changes its porous nature when exposed to light, allowing for repeatable and reversible changes.
Scientists use silver to make lights shine brightly
Scientists at Queen Mary University of London developed a new lighting material using silver, which can emit light with high efficiency and is cheap to produce.
New approaches for hybrid solar cells
Researchers at TUM developed a new method to produce extremely thin and robust, yet highly porous semiconductor layers using nanostructured germanium. These layers can be custom tailored with organic polymers to create hybrid materials suitable for small solar cells or batteries.
UCSD researchers develop flexible, biocompatible polymers
Researchers at UCSD have developed a way to transfer the optical properties of silicon sensors to plastic, creating flexible and biocompatible devices that can monitor drug delivery, joint strain, or healing. This technology could lead to non-invasive monitoring of implantable devices.
Smallest silicon particles light way for new sensors, materials
Purdue University researchers have developed a method to stabilize the surface of porous silicon, enabling its use in creating new types of drug-delivery systems and biological sensors. By functionalizing the surface with specific chemicals, scientists can tailor the material's response to specific chemical environments or cues.
'Holey' Silicon Brightens Future For Computers, Optical Devices
Porous silicon, a light-emitting material, can now be stabilized using a developed process at Purdue University. This allows for the creation of faster, smaller computers and new types of sensing devices. The treatment enables the manipulation of light-emitting properties to respond to certain chemicals or conditions.