Articles tagged with Atomic Theory
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Assistant Professor Nguyen's research focuses on understanding the fundamental structure of matter by studying the spin of nucleons. Her work aims to fill the gap in knowledge about neutron spin and its influence on material arrangement.
Researchers have discovered a new 'Island of Inversion' in the most symmetric region of the nuclear chart, where protons and neutrons equal each other. This finding challenges long-held assumptions about structural inversions and provides insights into fundamental forces that bind matter together.
Researchers developed a new method to probe an atom's nucleus using its own electrons as messengers within a molecule. They measured the energy of electrons whizzing around a radium atom in a molecule, detecting a slight energy shift and analyzing it to sense the internal structure of the nucleus.
Researchers successfully confirmed long-standing 'electron tunneling' phenomenon, revealing surprising interactions between electrons and atomic nuclei during tunneling. The study's findings have significant implications for advanced technologies like semiconductors, quantum computers, and ultrafast lasers.
The study confirms QED theory by measuring the g-factor of lithium-like tin with high precision. The experimental value agrees well with the theoretical prediction within the uncertainty of the calculation.
New research validates theoretical models on how nanoscopic ripples affect material properties, leading to a better understanding of their mechanical behavior. The study's findings have significant implications for the development of microelectronics and other technologies that rely on thin films.
Researchers developed Cu/Zn solid-solution phase hosts to overcome electrochemical limitations in multivalent metal ion batteries. The material's layered crystal structure and abundant interlayer confined species provide favorable diffusion pathways for charge carriers.
The motion of particles in high-energy nuclear collisions follows a Lévy-stable distribution, confirming the interdisciplinary nature of the phenomenon. This finding has implications for fields such as biology, earth sciences, and economics.
Researchers at TU Wien and ISTA have developed artificial atoms made of superconducting circuits that can be tuned to specific energy values. These 'artificial atoms' enable the storage and retrieval of light, opening up new possibilities for quantum experiments.
A Virginia Tech-led team is searching for signs of dark matter in billion-year-old rocks. By analyzing crystal lattice structures, they aim to uncover miniature trails of destruction left by long-ago dark matter interactions.
Researchers at Lund University successfully produced livermorium atoms using a new method, opening the door to creating even heavier elements like number 120. The discovery was made possible by a custom-built detector system called SHREC, which allowed for efficient registration of the atoms.
Researchers at the Max Planck Institute have made a groundbreaking discovery in chiral materials, enabling the creation of orbital electronics. The study reveals that certain materials naturally possess orbital angular momentum monopoles, which can be harnessed for memory devices and other applications.
Researchers predicted promising reactions for creating double magic nuclei, such as <sup> 298 </sup> Fl and <sup> 304 </sup> 120. These elements could have unique properties and deepen understanding of atomic forces. The study is a step closer to the 'Island of Stability', where long-lasting superheavy nuclei might exist.
Scientists at Tsinghua University and TU Wien have created a time crystal made of giant Rydberg atoms, exhibiting spontaneous symmetry breaking and oscillating light absorption. This breakthrough deepens our understanding of the time crystal phenomenon, offering potential applications in sensors.
A multidisciplinary research team has developed a predictive tool for designing complex metal alloys that can withstand extreme temperatures. By analyzing the degradation of high-entropy alloys, the team discovered universal rules that can predict oxidation behavior in these alloys.
Physicists from TU Darmstadt propose a new approach to define and measure the time required for quantum tunneling. They suggest using Ramsey clocks, which utilize the oscillation of atoms to determine the elapsed time. The proposed method may correct previous experiments that observed particles moving faster than light during tunneling.
Researchers at UTA used ultra-high energy neutrino particles to search for signatures of quantum gravity, but found no evidence of expected quantum gravitational effects. This non-observation represents a powerful statement about the still-unknown physics operating at the interface of quantum physics and general relativity.
Scientists at Tohoku University and Japan Atomic Energy Agency develop experiments to manipulate the 'electron universe' geometry within magnetic materials. They successfully detected a distinct electric signal, paving the way for innovative spintronic devices.
Researchers propose a new strategy to further enhance the performance of gas sensors using single-atom catalysts. The review discusses the application, structure, and principles of semiconductor-based gas sensors, as well as the mechanisms through which single-atom catalysts improve gas sensitivity.
Physicists at Princeton University have successfully visualized the Wigner crystal, a quantum phase of matter composed of electron crystals. The team used a scanning tunneling microscope to directly image the crystal, confirming its properties and enabling further study.
Researchers at Uppsala University and Columbia University have created a new 2D quantum material, CeSiI, with atoms-thin layers of cerium, silicon, and iodine. The material features super-heavy electrons with an effective mass up to 100 times that of ordinary materials.
Researchers from Eötvös Loránd University have mapped the space-time geometry of quark matter using femtoscopy techniques. This study sheds light on the strong interaction governing quark matter and atomic nuclei, a fundamental area still in its early stages.
Researchers discovered a massive structure, Hoʻoleilana, with a diameter of one billion light years, which is larger than predicted by the Big Bang theory. The bubble-like structure encompasses several well-known galaxy clusters and voids, including the Boötes Supercluster.
Researchers at Duke University used a quantum computer to measure the geometric phase in light-absorbing molecules, which puts limitations on molecular transformations. This breakthrough allows for direct measurement of a long-standing fundamental question in chemistry, critical to processes like photosynthesis and vision.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed a new framework for studying neutrino self-interactions using supernovae. They found that in the burst case, unprecedented sensitivity to neutrino self-interactions is possible even with sparse data from SN 1987A and conservative analysis assumptions.
Scientists at Peking University have discovered a pair density wave state in a two-dimensional high-Temperature superconductor, which is a new 2D platform to investigate the PDW in unconventional superconductors. The discovery provides compelling evidence of the existence of PDW order in the 2D iron-based high-temperature superconductor.
Researchers have pushed single-atom vibrational spectroscopy to the level of chemical bonds, enabling precise measurements of point defects in graphene. The study found unique vibrational modes for two types of silicon point defects, with stronger signals for one defect configuration.
A University of Queensland-led research team is using an unusual caesium atom to search for dark matter particles. The team's work may also improve atomic theory calculations and technology, such as navigation systems.
Researchers have validated a new theory for molecular diffusion in polymer matrices, explaining how molecules move through complex media. The study found that temperature and molecule size significantly impact transport rates, enabling the design of more selective polymer membranes.
Scientists developed a novel exciton with intralayer charge-transfer characteristics in a moiré superlattice, exceeding conventional parameterized models. The discovery has potential applications in optical sensors and communication technology.
A team of researchers from Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology developed an analytical tool to investigate the ordering of fluorine in lead titanium oxyfluoride. They used first-principles calculation to analyze experimental results and determined the element substitution positions, finding that fluorine atoms predominan...
Researchers have created atomic-level 3D models using 'atom probe tomography' to study the effects of tiny amounts of substances on semiconductor materials. This allows for better understanding of material properties and potential applications in sustainable technology.
A team of researchers has theorized how extreme conditions in stars produce carbon-12, a critical gateway to the birth of life. They used supercomputer simulations and statistical learning techniques to reveal alpha clustering and the Hoyle state, which leads to stable carbon-12.
Researchers develop multiplexed optical lattice atomic clock, achieving unprecedented precision and enabling new physics discoveries, including testing gravitational waves and detecting dark matter. The clock's performance surpasses expectations, allowing for longer experiments and potential applications in real-world settings.
The team of researchers from Tokyo Institute of Technology developed a generalized spin current theory that accounts for various multiferroic scenarios and provides a transparent toy model for electric polarization. The study demonstrates how the new theory can effectively rationalize the properties of multiferroic materials.
A new study refutes a long-standing explanation for low energy efficiency in lithium-ion batteries, suggesting that voltage hysteresis is caused by reversible electron transfer between oxygen and transition metal atoms. This phenomenon could be mitigated through manipulation of electron transfer barriers.
A new type of bi-molecule formed from two nitric oxide molecules has been discovered, enabling researchers to study chemical reactions at low temperatures and investigate intermolecular interactions at large distances. The bi-molecule could have multiple technological applications in quantum optics and computing.
Researchers have developed methods to calculate the QED correction of helium to the 7th power series, which are the most accurate results to date. Precision measurements of helium atoms also have a broad impact on various important studies, including determining the radius of helium nuclei and calculating polarizability.
Scientists at the University of Queensland have improved the modeling of nuclear structure in francium atoms, allowing for more precise calculations of their magnetic moments. The new method enables uncertainties four times smaller than previous best values, which is crucial for testing fundamental physics theories.
Researchers at TU Wien found that coupled atom clouds synchronize spontaneously and oscillate in perfect unison after just a few milliseconds. This effect cannot be explained by standard theories of Bose-Einstein-Condensates, which predict periods of synchronization alternating with de-synchronization.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have shown that cesium atoms can indeed take two paths at the same time, contradicting the macro-realistic view. The team's experiment uses optical tweezers to manipulate a single Caesium atom and measures its final position indirectly.
Scientists recreated conditions for layer-by-layer crystalline growth using micron-sized particles, discovering that random motion affects crystal growth. The study's findings may lead to better control over the growth of thin films used in electronic component manufacturing.
Researchers from OU and Germany create a rare Rydberg molecule by interacting electrons with atoms at extremely low temperatures, demonstrating new bonding properties
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University have discovered that certain atoms can move apart and rejoin together under specific conditions, creating a phenomenon known as a 'nano-riot'. This behavior can be controlled using laser light, enabling the creation of tiny computer components with reduced heat emissions.
Scientists at Georgia Institute of Technology demonstrate that Bose-Einstein condensates exhibit coherence in their internal spin degrees of freedom. This discovery provides a foundation for future research and potential applications in quantum computing.
Researchers at JILA use laser pulses to take snapshots of atom collisions, revealing how atoms briefly lose form and energy when colliding. The results provide new insights into atomic dynamics and the laws of physics.
Sandia researchers successfully created the first controllable 2D nanopatterns, which can be used to fine-tune device characteristics of self-assembling nanostructures. The breakthrough provides insight into how nature creates ordered patterns and enables humans to replicate it for fabricating specialized materials.
Researchers used a scanning tunneling microscope to visualize the electron clouds around impurities in copper oxide superconductors, shedding light on their behavior and potential applications. The study provides new insights into the mechanism of high-critical-temperature superconductivity.
Researchers at NIST have demonstrated that three atom waves can be mixed together to produce a fourth matter wave, similar to combining optical laser beams. This breakthrough opens a new field of non-linear atom optics, which may lead to applications in amplifying matter waves and exploring quantum behavior.
The research team observed and recorded the relativistic motion of free electrons in electromagnetic fields, which confirms several predictions based on Einstein's theory of relativity. The discovery challenges a fundamental assumption about the Thomson cross section, a physical constant used in physics theories.
A new research program at Cornell University is using computer simulations to understand how tiny cracks in materials can grow into major ones. The project, called Multiscale Modeling of Defects in Solids, involves creating models that show how defects at the atomic level can lead to changes at increasingly larger scales.
Researchers have calculated that carbon-36 fullerenes may become superconducting at significantly higher temperatures than other carbon structures. The materials' unique bonding configurations and electron-phonon coupling mechanisms could enable superconductivity at temperatures up to three times higher than those of C-60.
Researchers discovered atom-sized electronic devices on nanotubes, which can conduct electricity like metals or act as semiconductors. This breakthrough may lead to smaller, more efficient devices and reduce heat-related issues.
Researchers have discovered a new state of matter in clusters of sodium atoms, exhibiting lower melting points than expected. The phenomenon challenges conventional physics and raises questions about the behavior of solid and liquid states in small particles.