Articles tagged with Big Bang Theory
The universe's homogeneity is explained by Einstein's gravity theory, which shows that cosmological gravitational waves decay over time. This finding suggests that Einstein's theory can fully explain the universe's state without the need for inflation.
A new study by a University of Oregon physicist estimates the age of the universe at 12.6 billion years using a refined distance-calculation technique. The approach recalibrates a distance-measuring tool known as the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation independently of Hubble's constant.
Researchers have found that neutrinos and antineutrinos behave differently, providing a possible explanation for the universe's dominant matter content. The T2K experiment detected subtle discrepancies in their oscillation rates, shedding light on physics' deepest mysteries.
A UNIGE researcher has solved a scientific controversy about the speed of the universe's expansion by proposing that it may not be homogeneous on a large scale. This approach eliminates a divergence between two independent calculation methods, which previously yielded conflicting values for the Hubble constant.
Researchers simulate condensate behavior during inflationary period, revealing gravitational disintegration mechanism. The simulation provides new insights into the formation of dark matter and potential predictions for cosmological observables.
A team of researchers proposes that gravitational waves could be evidence of a phase transition in the early universe, allowing for neutrino particles to reshuffle matter and anti-matter. This imbalance is thought to have prevented a complete annihilation of matter and anti-matter.
A distant galaxy with over a trillion stars showed that the 'cores' of massive galaxies formed 1.5 billion years after the Big Bang, about 1 billion years earlier than previously thought. Researchers used telescopes to observe the quenching galaxy and found suppressed star formation.
Researchers simulated the critical reheating period at the end of cosmic inflation, which may have bridged the gap between inflation and the Big Bang. The simulations suggest that quantum effects could have redistributed energy quickly, producing conditions necessary for the start of the Big Bang.
A new Johns Hopkins University study proposes that dark matter may have originated before the Big Bang, citing a connection between particle physics and astronomy. The research suggests that dark matter's existence could be revealed through its gravitational effects on galaxy distributions.
Scientists have re-measured a crucial physical constant with unprecedented accuracy, setting a new benchmark for physics research. The result could help explain nuclear fusion in the sun, understand element formation after the Big Bang, and improve particle collisions at CERN.
New research identifies three persistent gravitational wave observables that provide insight into the intrinsic properties of gravitational waves. These observables could someday help extract information from the Cosmic Microwave Background, offering a new window on the universe.
Researchers have successfully bound a kaon to a nucleus, creating an exotic nucleus with two protons and a single kaon. This discovery provides insights into the origin of mass and quantum phenomena like color confinement.
Researchers from Lehigh University's STAR Collaboration, led by Rosi Reed, use the Beam Energy Scan to test the limits of quark-gluon plasma and map its phase diagram. The goal is to understand the nuclear strong force and Quantum Chromodynamics.
Astronomers using the W. M. Keck Observatory have discovered a relic cloud of gas from the Big Bang, providing new information about how the first galaxies formed and offering clues to the universe's early structure.
Two experiments at TU Wien and Heidelberg University demonstrate that disequilibrium processes in quantum systems belong to universality classes, behaving identically. This allows for indirect study of inaccessible quantum systems like the Big Bang.
An international team of astronomers has discovered a massive galaxy proto-supercluster, Hyperion, in the early universe, just two billion years after the Big Bang. The supercluster has a complex structure with at least seven high-density regions connected by filaments of galaxies.
Researchers used the n_TOF facility to explore a neutron channel that could increase the destruction rate of Be-7 and resolve the Cosmological Lithium Problem. However, the results indicate that neutron channels alone are not enough to resolve the issue, leaving scientists with additional challenges to address.
A study from the University of Bonn confirms that galaxy clusters formed too slowly than expected, potentially requiring a rework of current theories. The researchers will analyze their data in greater detail to confirm whether the standard model needs to be revised.
A team led by Chen-Yu Liu from Indiana University developed an experiment to accurately measure neutron decay rates. The use of a 'magneto-gravitational trap' eliminates the risk of interference, allowing for highly precise measurements and new insights into the universe immediately after the Big Bang.
Hawking and Hertog propose a new theory that predicts the universe is finite and globally smooth, contradicting eternal inflation. They base their approach on string theory and holography, which describes the universe as a complex hologram.
Hawking's final theory on the origin of the universe predicts a simpler and finite universe, contradicting the prevailing theory of eternal inflation. The new theory, developed by Hawking and ERC grantee Thomas Hertog, proposes that the universe is reasonably smooth and globally finite.
A new calculation predicts the maximum bandwidth of the universe, a fundamental limit on change speed. The study builds on satellite-based CMB measurements, aiming to reveal the fastest thing in the universe - the Big Bang.
Narlikar shares personal reminiscences on the evolution of cosmology over six decades, highlighting the increase in confidence in the standard model. However, he also notes that this model lacks independent observational support and an established theoretical base.
A team of astronomers discovered the most-distant supermassive black hole ever observed, located in a luminous quasar and emitting light from 5% of its current age. The black hole has a mass 800 million times that of our Sun, posing a challenge to theories of supermassive black hole growth.
Researchers used super-computer simulations to recreate the formation of a massive black hole from supersonic gas streams left over from the Big Bang. The study suggests these black holes could be the source of the largest and oldest super-massive black holes in the Universe, posing a challenge to existing theories.
A newly discovered dwarf galaxy in the constellation Lynx has extremely low oxygen levels, likely resembling early nascent galaxies. The finding suggests that these tiny star-forming galaxies can offer valuable insights into how the first galaxies formed 13 billion years ago.
Research found that fictional autistic characters often display at least nine of the 12 diagnostic criteria, a level rarely seen in real life. In reality, most people with autism lack exceptional skills, contradicting common stereotypes.
Claudia Ratti receives $475,000 NSF CAREER award to study quark-gluon plasma state and promote STEM education.
Researchers suggest primordial black holes formed shortly after the Big Bang might explain the origin of heavy elements like gold, platinum and uranium. They propose a theory where these black holes collide with neutron stars to produce heavier elements.
PIPER aims to detect primordial gravitational waves and study their effects on the cosmic microwave background, providing insight into the early universe's expansion. The mission will fly immersed in liquid helium at nearly absolute zero temperature.
Swansea University scientists have made a groundbreaking observation of spectral line shapes in antihydrogen, a key step towards understanding the origin of matter. The team has also precise determined the antihydrogen hyperfine splitting and measured its first transition line shape.
A team of astronomers discovered a new kind of galaxy that formed less than a billion years after the Big Bang, creating stars more than 100 times faster than our Milky Way. This find solves a long-standing puzzle of how massive galaxies came to have hundreds of billions of stars when they formed so quickly.
Researchers have discovered that gravity disrupts the symmetry of electromagnetic fields, potentially impacting the study of the Big Bang and its effects on cosmic evolution. This new finding sheds light on the nature of magnetic monopoles and the behavior of photons in electromagnetic fields.
Theoretical physicists at the University of Basel have calculated the signal of specific gravitational wave sources that emerged fractions of a second after the Big Bang. These oscillons, predicted by Einstein, can be used to study the universe's early stages and provide information on major astrophysical events.
New measurements of neutrino oscillations have shed light on outstanding questions regarding fundamental properties of neutrinos. These findings may provide clues to the nature of dark matter and how the universe arose from the Big Bang.
Scientists have improved measurements of the antiproton's magnetic moment, finding it extremely close to that of the proton with six-fold higher accuracy. The findings suggest the standard model of particle physics holds up, contradicting theories on baryonic asymmetry.
Scientists measured the proportion of unstable particles in dark matter after the Big Bang, finding it was no more than 2-5%. This discrepancy can be explained by decaying dark matter hypothesis, suggesting dark matter decayed over time.
Swansea University researchers have conducted the first precision study of antihydrogen, a key step towards understanding why matter and antimatter exist. By measuring the spectrum of light emitted from excited antihydrogen atoms, they hope to shed light on the Big Bang's central question: what led to the creation of our universe.
Scientists have gained fresh insight into dark matter, a key component of the universe. Using powerful telescopes to analyze distant galaxies, they found that dark matter is less dense and more evenly spread throughout space.
Associate Professor Dr Joan Vaccaro's research resolves an anomaly in conventional physics by introducing 'T violation', forcing the universe and us into the future. This breakthrough reveals how time evolution and conservation laws emerged, allowing for aging and a flow of time.
The LIGO-Virgo collaboration's detection of binary black holes could be evidence of primordial black holes formed after the Big Bang. The observation would guide theories about the universe's early days and provide crucial clues about dark matter.
Researchers confirm detection of faintest early-universe galaxy using gravitational lensing, shedding light on the cosmic dark ages. The discovery could help explain how these mysterious periods ended and has implications for our understanding of the universe's evolution.
Researchers at Osaka University have simulated the formation of supermassive black holes, revealing that they are seeded by clouds of gas falling into potential wells created by dark matter. The simulations found a central seed particle growing rapidly to form a supermassive black hole, accompanied by misaligned accretion discs.
Researchers are using a facility at Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory to detect Big Bang neutrinos, which could provide new insights into the birth of the cosmos. The project aims to measure the mass of these particles and explore their role in the evolution of the universe.
The team has shattered the cosmic distance record by measuring GN-z11, a surprisingly bright infant galaxy seen as it was 400 million years after the Big Bang. The observations reveal that GN-z11 is growing fast, forming stars at a rate about 20 times greater than our galaxy does today.
Scientists propose using 'primordial standard clocks' to label and reconstruct the expansion or contraction history of the primordial universe. This method enables researchers to distinguish between competing scenarios and verify the evolutionary history of our universe.
Researchers propose a novel approach to determine the origin of the universe by analyzing variations in the cosmic microwave background. The new method identifies
A new theory suggests a novel way to probe the beginning of space and time, shedding light on initial conditions. The researchers propose using 'primordial standard clocks' to put time labels on seed fluctuations, allowing for the distinction between inflation and contraction scenarios.
Researchers from the ALPHA Collaboration have made a breakthrough in studying antihydrogen, improving the measurement of its charge by a factor of 20. The study's results suggest that matter and antimatter may interact differently, with potential implications for our understanding of the universe.
The antihydrogen atom has been found to have a zero charge, identical to that of the hydrogen atom, confirming the symmetry between matter and antimatter. This result is significant as it resolves the long-standing problem of the asymmetry between matter and antimatter in the universe.
Physicists propose a smaller secondary inflationary period to account for the universe's estimated dark matter abundance. This new theory suggests a 'hidden sector' of physics, where interactions dilute primordial particle abundances, leaving behind the observed dark matter density.
Astronomers have detected a massive galaxy cluster, IDCS J1426.5+3508, 10 billion light years from Earth, formed just 3.8 billion years after the Big Bang. The cluster is about 1,000 times more massive than the Milky Way and is undergoing significant upheaval.
Sir Roger Penrose's 1965 theorem associates black holes with trapped surfaces that shrink over time. The theory also predicts the existence of singularities in extreme conditions, highlighting the limitations of Einstein's General Theory of Relativity.
Researchers at the Large Hadron Collider investigate the properties of particles and their antiparticles to understand the universe's matter-antimatter asymmetry. The ALICE experiment confirms the CPT theorem with the most accurate measurements to date.
A new simulation by Carnegie Mellon University researchers suggests that large disk galaxies, like the Milky Way, might have formed in the early universe. The BlueTides simulation, which is 100 times larger than previous simulations, shows a number of disk galaxies existing at 500 million years post-Big Bang, challenging long-held theo...
A new stellar model developed by researchers at SISSA reveals that cosmological 'lost' lithium in metal-poor stars was not destroyed, but rather accreted from the surrounding environment. The model, which agrees with observations, provides a plausible explanation for the low abundance of lithium-7 in ancient stars.
Researchers use ALMA to observe dust contents of galaxies at redshift 5-6, revealing a new evolutionary stage. Average-sized galaxies contain less dust than expected, suggesting a previously unseen transition from gas to the first generation of galaxies.
Theoretical work suggests water vapor could have existed in pockets of space a billion years after the Big Bang, with temperatures around 80 degrees Fahrenheit allowing for its formation. The team found equilibrium levels similar to those seen in our local universe.
Researchers discovered a massive supervoid, 1.8 billion light-years across, that could explain the unusual Cold Spot in cosmic microwave background radiation. The void's effect on light traveling through it results in colder temperatures, potentially revealing exotic physics beyond standard cosmology.
Researchers made direct observations of cosmic dust resulting from an ancient supernova at the Milky Way's center, supporting the theory that supernovae produce dust in galaxies of the early universe. The study provides new insights into the origins of dust, a crucial component in star and planet formation.