Articles tagged with Color
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers developed a compact, low-cost system that enables fast 3D hyperspectral imaging. The system uses a monochrome camera to capture both depth information and color information, allowing for improved analysis of real-world scenes and objects.
A new spectrometer uses dual-comb spectroscopy to measure spectra in mere microseconds, enabling real-time biological imaging and machine vision applications. The device can analyze gases and solids at high speeds, making it ideal for applications like explosion analysis and chemical signatures capture.
Researchers from the University of Cambridge used numerical experimentation to determine the limits of matt structural colour in the visible spectrum. They found that saturated, pure colors like reds, yellows, and oranges are difficult to recreate using this method, with blues and greens being the most feasible options.
A recent study reveals the hierarchical representation of color in the brain, from cone-activation signals to isotropic hue representation. The study found that different areas of the cortex process color information in a progressive manner.
A new variety of pinto bean has been developed with a slow-darkening trait, which improves agronomic performance and cooking time. The beans show higher yields compared to regular varieties, benefiting both farmers and consumers.
A new study found that special filter glasses enhance color vision for those with red-green color vision deficiency, and the effect persists even when not worn. The filters increased chromatic contrast response in individuals with anomalous trichromacy.
A new laser-based method can evaporate and purify contaminated water with over 100% efficiency, reducing contaminants to safe levels for drinking. The technology uses sunlight to heat water, eliminating microbial pathogens and heavy metals, and is easy to clean and aim.
Wild hummingbirds can distinguish between pure components of ultraviolet+red and individual colors, suggesting a more complex color vision system than previously thought. The study found approximately 30% of plumage colors and 35% of plant colors are nonspectral colors for these birds.
Researchers trained wild hummingbirds to discriminate between UV color combinations, revealing they can see up to five nonspectral colors. The study used a custom LED tube system and recorded over 6,000 feeder visits, showing birds can distinguish between various UV+color pairs.
Researchers found that people are often unaware of color removal from their visual periphery in virtual reality, suggesting limitations to human color awareness. The studies used 178 participants and revealed that peripheral color detection is less accurate than previously believed.
Researchers found that most people's color awareness is limited to a small area around the dead center of their visual field. The brain likely fills-in much of our perceptual experience when color is removed from the periphery, with nearly a third of observers not noticing desaturated areas.
Surgeons at UT Southwestern Medical Center have developed a new technique that preserves the natural shape and color of nipples in men undergoing breast reduction surgery. The procedure involves cutting below the lower part of the breast and lifting it like a flap to remove unwanted tissue, reducing the risk of discoloration.
A study led by the University of Plymouth found that sea snakes' vision has been modifying genetically over millions of generations, enabling them to adapt to new environments. The research reveals that diving sea snakes share their adaptive properties with some fruit-eating primates.
A study led by University of Maryland Baltimore County Ph.D. candidate Samuel Hulse demonstrates a strong correlation between the visual patterns on male darter fish and their environments, supporting sensory drive theory. The findings show that male fish with colors easily perceivable in their environment are more likely to reproduce.
Assistant Professor Michael Murdoch will create a computational model of human color perception in AR systems, funded by a five-year NSF CAREER grant. The project aims to enhance AR visual quality for fields like education, medicine, and transportation.
Researchers at CNRS/Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle/Ministère de la Culture have solved the mystery of the world's first colour photographs. They found that colours were due to the presence of metallic silver nanoparticles, which reorganise according to light energy, absorbing all colours except their own.
Researchers at University of Birmingham develop technique to control light passing through disordered surfaces, producing vivid colors. The method harnesses random clusters of gold nanoparticles to create a 'transparent cavity' that traps and releases photons with different frequencies, resulting in precise color reproduction.
Researchers have developed a mini movie theater to measure the color spectrum visible to fiddler crabs, revealing their ability to discriminate between different wavelengths of light. The device uses blue and green light-emitting diodes and tilted screens to stimulate the crabs' reaction.
Researchers developed a new plasmonic color-mixing approach using silver nanorods to create 2,456 unique colors with smooth transitions between hues and tones. This method has potential applications in new types of paint, electronic displays and anti-counterfeiting measures.
Scientists have created ultra-thin optical devices known as metasurfaces integrated into off-the-shelf contact lenses to correct deuteranomaly, a form of red-green color blindness. The new customizable contact lens can restore lost color contrast and improve color perception up to a factor of 10.
Researchers discovered a pigment called melanopsin sensitive to blue light affects circadian rhythms but cone photoreceptors respond strongly to long wavelength oranges and yellows at sunrise and sunset. The study identifies a cell in the retina regulating brain centers that impact sleep, mood and learning.
A recent study found that men taking the highest recommended dose of sildenafil experienced persistent visual disturbances, including blue-colored vision. Researchers recommend starting with a lower dose to minimize side effects.
Scientists at the University of Rochester develop a new material that selectively absorbs light only at solar wavelengths, increasing efficiency by 130%. This innovation enhances solar power generation and has potential applications for thermal energy harvesting devices.
Researchers at Binghamton University found that wearing orange shirts resulted in more water anoles being seen per hour and a higher capture percentage. Contrary to expectations, green shirts were less effective than bright orange, highlighting the complexity of animal color perception.
Cartilaginous fishes, including sharks and rays, have lost the SWS1 and SWS2 opsin genes, leading to cone monochromacy and limited color vision. The study provides detailed insights into their visual pigments, shedding light on evolutionary adaptations to ocean environments.
Researchers found a brain circuit that enables fruit flies to see in color, similar to the human capacity for color vision. The study sheds light on the transmission of information from the eye to the brain and could inspire future technologies for those with vision impairments.
Researchers discovered that brittle stars use whole-body colour change to enable vision and navigate complex coral reefs. They found that the colour change restricts light reaching sensitive cells during the day, allowing for coarse vision.
Using dimmer, cooler lights in the evening and brighter, warmer lights during the day may be more beneficial to health than previously thought. The body clock uses a specialized protein to measure brightness, and blue colors have a weaker impact on the clock than white or yellow light of equivalent brightness.
Researchers created a system to convert light waves into sound waves by correlating bright lines within atomic spectra to audible tones. This allows for the creation of individual atom notes and even entire songs, enabling listeners to experience an 'atomic world' through sound.
Researchers at Radboud University have successfully measured the absorption spectrum of C60H+, a carbon molecule with an extra proton. This finding suggests that C60H+ is probably the most abundant form of carbon in interstellar clouds, which could provide insights into the formation of planets and our own solar system.
A study by Hiroshima University and Nagoya Institute of Technology found that arm positions can affect how much force is perceived when steering a car. The researchers used weighted steering wheels with different angles to measure participants' force perceptions, finding biases at specific angles.
Scientists discovered that reflectin proteins control iridocytes, which contribute to changing visibility and appearance. The proteins fold up when phosphate groups are added, exposing sticky surfaces that allow them to clump together, creating an osmotic motor that responds to neuronal signals.
Researchers found that age-dependent effects on color perception can lead to different perceptions of white LED lighting. Designs that consider these differences can improve the aesthetic appeal of LED lighting. The study suggests using modern colorimetry to minimize inter-user discrepancies in LED emitters.
A new study suggests that imprinting on mothers plays a crucial role in shaping the color morphs of poison dart frogs, potentially driving the formation of new species. Researchers found that female frogs tend to choose mates of the same color as their mother, while males choose rivals based on their mother's color.
Researchers study patient with stroke-induced color naming impairment to explore how language shapes color perception. The study found that while patients struggled to name specific colors, they could still group colors into categories, suggesting a separate process for categorization.
A new study reveals that women of color perceive their interactions with healthcare providers as misleading, with information being 'packaged' to limit maternity care choices. The research highlights the impact of implicit bias and racism on birth outcomes, providing a potential mechanism for how these associations occur.
A study published in Acta Psychologica found that subjects' pupils constricted significantly when viewing a blue glare illusion, outperforming other colors. The research team hypothesized that the human visual system relies on ecologically-based predictions to interpret visual input, and this effect is unique to glare illusions.
Researchers discovered that caterpillar larvae can perceive background color independently of their eyes and change their body color accordingly. This adaptation helps them match their surroundings, potentially reducing the risk of predation by birds. The study sheds light on how lepidopteran larvae protect themselves from predators.
A new imaging system cancels chromatic optical aberrations in individual eyes, allowing for precise assessment of vision and eye health. The technology provides the first objective measurement of longitudinal chromatic aberrations (LCA), which could lead to insights into visual halos, glare, and color perception.
Researchers have created a new tool to understand exoplanet evolution, using Earth's biosignatures as a 'cheat sheet' to detect signs of life. By analyzing the colors produced by different organisms on Earth, scientists can now look beyond vegetation and detect surface biota dating back billions of years.
A team of Kyoto University researchers has created the smallest 'Great Wave' ever produced, just 1mm in width, without using pigments. This breakthrough uses Organized Microfibrillation (OM) technology to create a new palette of colors and applications in fields like anti-forgery technology, health, and food safety.
Researchers from the University of Granada tested VINO's O2Amp Oxy-Iso glasses on 52 colour-blind individuals and found they do not improve colour vision but rather provide limited benefits for specific tasks like distinguishing certain colours or improving contrast in specific applications.
The scattering spectrum of individual nanoparticles on daguerreotype surfaces exhibits a narrow blue/UV peak and broader red peak, resulting in a blue tone when viewed from above. The tone shifts to brown/red as the viewing angle increases due to changes in nanoparticle morphology and size.
A Duke University study shows that birds mentally sort hues on the blue-green side of the spectrum into two categories, but the line between them is fuzzier. Birds are better at distinguishing subtle differences within each color category than in recognizing distinct boundaries.
Researchers discovered a previously undescribed visual system in deep-sea fish, which uses multiple rod opsin photopigments to detect bioluminescence and potentially recognize predators or prey. This finding expands our understanding of how these organisms adapt to the dark environment of the deep sea.
Researchers discovered that deep-sea fish can see color in the dark by examining the genomes of 101 species. This ability may have evolved as a survival weapon to quickly detect predators or prey in low-light conditions.
Researchers discovered a previously unknown visual system allowing color vision in fish living beyond sunlight's reach. Fish such as the silver spinyfin possess multiple rod opsins, sensitive to different wavelengths, potentially used for detecting specific prey species through bioluminescent cues.
A new technique allows for color-tunability in a single GaN-based LED by manipulating emission properties of an atomic-type dopant. The result could pave the way for monolithic integration and comfortable warmer white light from LEDs.
Research by scientists from Cornell University and the University of Sheffield finds that balancing selection is responsible for maintaining the diversity of head colors in Gouldian Finches. This process allows both red- and black-headed finches to coexist, with each having advantages and disadvantages, resulting in a stable polymorphism.
A large majority of participants associated 'aa' with more red and 'ee' with lighter color, regardless of synaesthesia. The study suggests that the vowel system of a language plays a crucial role in shaping color associations.
Researchers developed dyed threads that change color when detecting gases, providing a reusable and affordable safety asset in medical, workplace, military and rescue environments. The threads can detect gases as low as 50 parts per million and work under water.
New research finds humans struggle to accurately classify snail shells due to differences in colour perception. A study using spectrometry reveals distinct clusters for brown, pink, and yellow snails, providing a baseline measure for future studies on animal colour and genetics.
The NIST Astrocomb allows the detection of Earth-mass planets orbiting M dwarf stars, which comprise 70% of stars in the galaxy. The precision provided by the comb enables astronomers to find habitable planets around the most ubiquitous stars near Earth.
Researchers found significant changes in smokers' ability to discriminate contrast levels and colors compared to non-smokers. The study suggests that cigarette smoke's neurotoxic chemicals may cause overall color vision loss and visual processing impairments.
Research published in PLOS ONE found that unfamiliar words in hyperlinks slow down reading speed, but color choice has no significant effect. Readers tend to dwell longer on linked words and re-read sentences if the hyperlink word is uncommon.
Researchers recreated bird colour vision using a specially designed camera, revealing that birds see contrasts in dense forest foliage differently than humans. Birds can navigate and find food more easily due to their ultraviolet perception.
Research reveals that variation in opsin gene expression affects guppy females' preferences for male orange colors, highlighting the interplay between visual properties and mate choice. Genetic polymorphisms and environmental factors contribute to differing light sensitivity, driving the evolution of diverse male sexual colors.
Penn State researchers found that people can learn to associate colors with tastes and that some people are quicker learners than others. They also discovered that different bitter compounds have distinct taste profiles, which may explain why people enjoy some bitter flavors but not others.
Elephantnose fish recognize their prey by electric colors, using two types of receptors to determine intensity and shape. They can distinguish between living and dead objects and even recognize specific food sources like mosquito larvae with considerable accuracy.
Researchers debunked the effectiveness of EnChroma glasses for color blind individuals, showing they do not improve color vision or correct color blindness. The study used 48 volunteers and multiple testing methods, concluding that the glasses' effect is similar to those used for specific activities, such as hunting.